scholarly journals Analisis Kadar Senyawa Fenol dan Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Tiga Jenis Sargassum dari Pantai Jepara, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Wilis Ari Setyati ◽  
Rini Pramesti ◽  
Chrisna Adhi Suryono
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Synthesis Product ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements

Radikal bebas merupakan senyawa yang bersifat reaktif dan berbahaya karena dapat merusak sel tubuh. Hal ini dapat diatasi dengan pemberian senyawa antioksidan. Saat ini di pasaran telah beredar antioksidan sintetis, tetapi senyawa ini bersifat akumulatif dan toksik. Oleh karena itu perlu pencarian senyawa alami bersifat antioksidan alami dan salah satunya  salah satu sumbernya adalah rumput laut. Perairan Jepara memiliki sumber daya rumput laut yang tinggi dan salah satunya jenis Sargassum. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan kajian evaluasi total senyawa fenol dan kapasitas antioksidan berbagai ekstrak Sargassum. Hasil penelitian ini sebagai dasar dalam penelitian suplemen antioksidan untuk tindakan preventif. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni 2018 dengan tahapan pengambilan sampel, ekstraksi, penentuan total fenol dan aktivitas antioksidan. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposif dan penentuan kapasitas antioksidan dan total fenol menggunakan metode eksperimen laboratoris.  Hasil analisis menunjukkan perlakuan perbedaan jenis ekstrak memiliki nilai persen inhibisi (IC50) yang berbeda secara nyata (p < 0,05). Tiga ekstrak dengan persen inhibisi terbaik jika diurutkan dari terkecil ke terbesar adalah ekstrak dengan pelarut etil asetat pada S. polycystum, S. crassifolium dan S duplicatum. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak maka nilai persen inhibisi semakin tinggi juga (p < 0,05) demikian juga pada nilai total senyawa fenol. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini terdapat hubungan antara total fenol dan persen inhibisi adalah linier dengan persamaan regresi dan nilai besar hubungan berbeda signifikan (p < 0,05). Free radical are reactive and dangerous compound which have bad impact to human cell. Antioxidant is an effective compound to against free radical. Recently, synthesis antioxidant are easy to find in the market, however, this compound tends to toxic accumulation. The nature antioxidant can be a solution of negative effect from synthesis product. Seaweed is natural product which content an active compound as antioxidant. Sargassum is brown seaweed that abundant in Jepara seawater. This study are aiming to evaluate of phenol content and antioxidant capacity from several sargassum extract. The result of this study is a primarily research of antioxidant supplements for preventive measures. This study was conducted in June 2018 with the stages of sampling, extraction, determination of total phenol and antioxidant activity. Purposive method is used for sampling method and experimental laboratory is used for determination of antioxidant capacity and total phenol. The analysis result show that each sargassum extract has significant deferent of inhibition concentrations (IC50) (p < 0,05). Three extracts with the best percentage of inhibition sorted from the smallest to the largest were S. polycistum, S. crassifolium and S duplicatum which were extracted with ethyl acetate solvents. The percentage of inhibitions are increase with increasing of extract concentration and phenol compound. The conclusion of this study is that total phenol and percent inhibition are linear with regression equations and significant difference values (p <0.05).

scholarly journals Determination of in Vitro Antioxidant Enzyme Capacity and Oxidative Stress Levels in Mazı Meşesi (Quercus infectoria)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 814-817
Author(s):  
İlter Demirhan ◽  
Büşra Çitil ◽  
Mehmet Özyurt ◽  
Meltem Güngör ◽  
Erkan Öner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quercus Infectoria

South East Anatolia Region has a large genetic plant diversity due to its physical and different climatic charesteristics. These plants are potential sources of antioxidants that prevent oxidative stress caused by oxygen and photons. In recent years, it has become important to study the antioxidant capacity of many molecules found naturally in foods and biological systems. The reason for this is that it is believed that when the consumption of food rich in antioxidants is increased, the risk of developing different degenerative diseases will be reduced. In this study, it was aimed to measure the antoxidant capacity of Quercus infectoria, G.olivier gal seeds grown in Southeastern Anatolia. Q. infectoria gal seeds from Sanlıurfa province were used in our study. Q. infectoria gal seeds were extracted with water, ethanol and methanol and then antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and malondialdehyde levels, which are indicators of oxidative stress were determined by spectrophotometric methods. It was found that the antioxidant capacity (catalase and superoxide dismutase activities) of extracts obtained from ethanol and methanol were higher and their malondialdehyde levels were statistically lower than those obtained from water. However, it was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde levels of the extracts obtained from methanol compared to the extracts obtained from ethanol. It has been concluded that Q. infectoria gal seed has a effective antioxidant effect. In addition, it was observed that extracts obtained from ethanol and methanol have higher antioxidant capacity than extracts obtained from water.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the correlations between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and yield in a seasoning paprika (Capsicum annuum L. var. longum) stand

2014 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Attila Dobos ◽  
Róbert Víg ◽  
János Nagy ◽  
Mária Takácsné Hájos
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Yield Estimation ◽  
Mean Error ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of our examination was to evaluate the correlations between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and yield, as well as to examine the possibility of yield estimation basedon NDVI in a seasoning paprika population. Significant correlations were observed during the examination of the correlation between NDVI and yield. Furthermore, it was concluded that yield can be estimated with a 6.6–8.3% mean error based on the regression equations. No significant difference was shown between the error of estimations performed with various regression types and that of the estimations performed at various dates. For this reason, the identification of the optimum estimation method and the determination of the optimum date for estimation call for further examinations.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF QUALITY PARAMETERS AND TEST ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF 70% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SEROJA LEAVES (NELUMBO NUCIFERA GAERTN.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
RATNA DJAMIL ◽  
DIAH KARTIKA PRATAMI ◽  
FEBI AYU PUTRI ◽  
THALIA BREBA OCTAVIA
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluated the quality parameters and analyzed the antioxidant activity of seroja leaves Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Methods: The quantification of the chemical compound was determined by its total phenol and flavonoid levels. The evaluate the antioxidant activity was determined by the comparability of the four common radical scavenging assays using 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS); 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical; cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC); ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP); and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods. Results: The results of phytochemical screening for simplicia powder and 70% ethanol extract of seroja leaves contain secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, coumarin, quinones, and triterpenoid steroids. The results of the determination of the quality parameters meet the requirements of quality and safety standard of the medicinal herb. The result of the determination of total phenol content from 70% ethanol extract of Seroja leaves was 181.62±0.82 mg GAE/g extract. The results of the determination of total flavonoid levels from 70% ethanol extract of seroja leaves amounted to 289.83±1.04 mg QE/g extract. The results of antioxidant activity tests using the ABTS, DPPH, and TBA methods showed IC50 respectively 287.7 mg/l, 22.3 mg/l, and 352.6 mg/l and CUPRAC and FRAP methods had an antioxidant capacity of 160.76±0.35 and 253.36±0.48 mg AAE/g extract. Conclusion: Seroja leaves (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) have the potential to be used as an antioxidant medicinal herb and its extract meet the standard of quality control and safety.

scholarly journals In vitro, antioxidant activities of aqueous and methanol roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyces extracts from two localities in Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (08) ◽  
pp. 292-297
Author(s):  
Ghislain Maffo Tazoho ◽  
Esther Etengeneng Agbor ◽  
Inocent Gouado
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Fighting against malnutrition and diseases such as oxidative stress diseases via a food-based approach could be achieved through identification, valorization, and promotion of local foods rich in macro- and micronutrients and phytochemical components. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of agro-ecological conditions on the antioxidant capacity of the Hibiscus sabdariffa aqueous and methanol calyces extracts. Material and methods: The total phenolic content, the free radical DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activities were evaluated in aqueous and methanol Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces extract samples from two localities (Dschang [western highland zone] and Ngaoundéré [high Guinean savanna zone]) in Cameroon. Results: The results obtained showed that these extracts contain an important amount of total phenolic compounds with no significant difference (P>0.05) between aqueous and methanol extracts and also between the origins of calyces. The extracts showed their ability to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ as well as their ability to reduce the free radical, DPPH•. Concerning the FRAP results, at the concentration of 12.5µg/mL, the absorbance of AEN (Aqueous Extract from Ngaoundéré locality) recorded the value (0.33±0.05) meanwhile at a far higher concentration of 200 µg/mL, the absorbance of MEN (Methanol Extract from Ngaoundéré locality) was the highest (1.39±0.06). The CI50 of methanol extracts was significantly low (P<0.05) compared to that of aqueous extracts. The value ranges were 11.31±0.15, 14.69±0.84, 18.07±0.63, 20.50±0.54, and 21.50±0.54 µg/mL for ascorbic acid, MEN (Methanol Extract from Ngaoundéré locality), MED (Methanol Extract from Dschang locality), AEN (Aqueous Extract from Ngaoundéré locality), and AED (Aqueous Extract from Dschang locality) respectively. Conclusion: These findings show that the antioxidant activity of methanol extract is higher than that of aqueous extract. Hibiscus calyces from the two localities could be used as a natural antioxidant in the treatment of oxidative stress diseases. Keywords: Roselle calyces, aqueous and methanol extracts, antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals Analysis of Botanicals and Dietary Supplements for Antioxidant Capacity: A Review

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 950-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald L Prior ◽  
Guohua Cao
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Peroxyl Radical ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract Free radicals and other reactive species are considered to be important causative factors in the development of diseases of aging such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. This relationship has led to considerable interest in assessing the antioxidant capacity of foods and botanicals and other nutritional antioxidant supplements. The use of the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay as a tool for antioxidant assessment is described and proposed as a method for comparing botanical sources and for standardizing nutritional supplements. The free radical or oxidant source is important and direct comparisons cannot be made between procedures that use different sources. The ORAC procedure uses 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride as a peroxyl radical source, which is relevant to biological systems because the peroxyl radical is the most abundant free radical. Other oxidant sources (hydroxyl radical and Cu++) can also be used to characterize antioxidants in botanicals. Phenolics or polyphenolics are responsible for most of the antioxidant capacity in fruits, vegetables, and most botanical antioxidant supplements. Although little is known about the absorption and metabolism of these components, improvement in the in vivo antioxidant status has been observed in human subjects following consumption of antioxidant botanicals. The ORAC method provides a basis from which to establish appropriate dietary intakes that might impact health outcomes.

The Effect of Hemodialysis and Acetate-Free Biofiltration on Anemia

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Eiselt ◽  
J. Racek ◽  
K. Opatrnyjr
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Significant Difference

The authors monitored, for a period of 12 months, anemia-, nutrition-, and free radical-related parameters and the rHuEPO dose required to maintain target hemoglobin (Hb) in 20 patients with chronic renal failure. Ten patients each were randomized for treatment by either acetate-free biofiltration (AFB) or low-flux hemodialysis (HD). At baseline, Hb levels were 102±2 (AFB) vs. 98±2 g/L (HD) (not significant difference, NS), the rHuEPO dose was 4050±976 vs. 5100±1538 IU/week (NS). Compared with baseline and with HD, lower rHuEPO doses were required during AFB at months 8, 9, 10 and 11, and 12 when they were 2100±510 (AFB) vs. 6000±1153 (HD), p=0.008. Prealbumin, transferrin and cholinesterase levels rose in the AFB group. Kt/V, albumin, transferrin saturation, aluminium, bicarbonate in serum, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes, and malondialdehyde and antioxidant capacity in plasma did not differ between the AFB and HD groups. In terms of anemia control, AFB using an AN69 membrane was found to be more advantageous than low-flux HD, AFB improves some nutritional parameters. The compared methods do not differ in their effect on lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system. (Int J Artif Organs 2000; 23: 173–80)

scholarly journals Microorganism population, theobromine, antioxidant, and FTIR analysis of Samarinda cocoa bean fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acetobacter aceti

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1912-1920
Author(s):  
A. Rahmadi ◽  
Y. Yunus ◽  
M. Ulfah ◽  
K.P. Candra ◽  
S. Suwasono
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Acetobacter Aceti ◽  
Microorganism Population ◽  
Fermentation Method ◽  
Significant Difference

This research aimed to observe S. cerevisiae and A. aceti induced fermentation of cocoa bean from Samarinda, Indonesia, in comparison to commercial cocoa bean in terms of microbial population, pH, total acids, total phenols, theobromine, antioxidant capacity, and FTIR profile. Cocoa beans were fermented with a boxed fermentation method resembling commercial plantation for four days at ambient box temperature (35-40°C). Four fermentation samples were produced which were spontaneous, 2% Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Acetobacter aceti, or mixed culture (S. cerevisiae and A. aceti) induced fermentations. Total Plate Count (TPC) and Total Yeast-Mold (TYM), pH, total phenol, theobromine, antioxidant activity, and FTIR analyses were performed according to the established method. There was no significant difference in the microbe population in all fermented cocoa. Mixed culture fermented cocoa had a slightly lower final pH. S. cerevisiae fermented cocoa produced the highest total phenol compared to the same compound content in other fermented cocoa. The mixed culture fermented cocoa had better theobromine content 162.3±22.6 ppm, antioxidant capacity 424.9±3.3 ppm, and the closest theobromine and caffeine identification zones to commercial cocoa samples. The use of mixed culture of S. cerevisiae and A. aceti is suggested as the better inoculum to ferment cocoa bean at local farms.

scholarly journals In vitro, antioxidant activities of aqueous and methanol roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyces extracts from two localities in Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 292-297
Author(s):  
Ghislain Maffo Tazoho ◽  
Esther Etengeneng Agbor ◽  
Inocent Gouado
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Fighting against malnutrition and diseases such as oxidative stress diseases via a food-based approach could be achieved through identification, valorization, and promotion of local foods rich in macro- and micronutrients and phytochemical components. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of agro-ecological conditions on the antioxidant capacity of the Hibiscus sabdariffa aqueous and methanol calyces extracts. Material and methods: The total phenolic content, the free radical DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activities were evaluated in aqueous and methanol Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces extract samples from two localities (Dschang [western highland zone] and Ngaoundéré [high Guinean savanna zone]) in Cameroon. Results: The results obtained showed that these extracts contain an important amount of total phenolic compounds with no significant difference (P>0.05) between aqueous and methanol extracts and also between the origins of calyces. The extracts showed their ability to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ as well as their ability to reduce the free radical, DPPH•. Concerning the FRAP results, at the concentration of 12.5µg/mL, the absorbance of AEN (Aqueous Extract from Ngaoundéré locality) recorded the value (0.33±0.05) meanwhile at a far higher concentration of 200 µg/mL, the absorbance of MEN (Methanol Extract from Ngaoundéré locality) was the highest (1.39±0.06). The CI50 of methanol extracts was significantly low (P<0.05) compared to that of aqueous extracts. The value ranges were 11.31±0.15, 14.69±0.84, 18.07±0.63, 20.50±0.54, and 21.50±0.54 µg/mL for ascorbic acid, MEN (Methanol Extract from Ngaoundéré locality), MED (Methanol Extract from Dschang locality), AEN (Aqueous Extract from Ngaoundéré locality), and AED (Aqueous Extract from Dschang locality) respectively. Conclusion: These findings show that the antioxidant activity of methanol extract is higher than that of aqueous extract. Hibiscus calyces from the two localities could be used as a natural antioxidant in the treatment of oxidative stress diseases. Keywords: Roselle calyces, aqueous and methanol extracts, antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals The effect of lead and copper heavy metal salts on soil microorganisms under laboratory circumstances

2013 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Zsuzsa Kovács ◽  
Anita Jakab ◽  
Magdolna Tállai ◽  
János Kátai
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Chernozem Soils ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Heavy Metal Salts ◽  
Effect Of Copper ◽  
Stock Solutions ◽  
Saline Solutions

he population dynamics of calcareous chernozem soils polluted with different concentrations of lead and copper heavy metal saline solutions was examined. The experiment was carried out in the soil biological laboratory of the Institute of Agricultiral Chemistry and Soil Science at DE AGTC MÉK in 2012. For the determination of the concentration of the undiluted stock solutions we multiplied the smallest toxic concentration values of the MSZ 08-1721/1-86 Hungarian standard by forty. The intermediary concentrations of the treatments were produced with adequate dilution of the stock solutions until a dilution level equal to the values of the standard. The statistical evaluation of the data was performed with ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) including the determination of the standard deviation and significant difference. Investigating the effects of the different treatments on the soil microbes we established that both heavy metal saline solutions had a negative effect on the population dynamics of bacteria and microscopic fungi living in the soils. The negative effect of copper – as a potential toxic micro nutrient – turned out to be less strong than the negative effect of the toxic lead. According to our results the correction of the treatment levels is recommended in order to further tolerance examinations and the determination of the tolerance levels.

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