scholarly journals Glutathione (GSH) Production as Protective Adaptation Against Light Regime Radiation of Symbiodinium Natural Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moh Muhaemin ◽  
Dedi Soedharma ◽  
Hawis H Madduppa ◽  
Neviaty Putri Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Light Regime ◽  
Uv Exposure ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Wide Range

Glutathione (GSH), as a wide range of low molecular weight, which found in marine microalgae and event bacteria, are essential to prevent photooxidation and productivity loss from these Radical Oxigen Species (ROS). Symbiodinium, endo-symbiont of corals, were exposed with different UV radiation combined with irradiance treatments to explore biomass specific initial response. Intracellular glutahione was observed as potential adaptive response of Symbiodinium population under environmental specific stress. The result showed that GSH production increased significantly with increasing irradiance and/or UV levels. GSH concentration was fluctuated among populations exposed by different irradiance treatments, but not effected by UV and irradiance exposure. GSH production as a response of UV exposure was higher than irradiance treatments. Both these high correlative fluctuation of intracellular GSH production and the presence of both treatments indicated protective specific adaptation of Symbiodinium under specific environmental stress, respectively. Keywords: zooxanthellae, irradiance, glutathione (GSH), corals, Fungia

NOM and MIB, who wins in the competition for activated carbon adsorption sites?

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hepplewhite ◽  
G. Newcombe ◽  
D.R.U. Knappe
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Microporous Carbons ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Competitive Mechanism ◽  
Wide Range

The adsorption of an odour compound common in drinking water, 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), was studied on two activated carbons in the presence of 13 well-characterised natural organic matter (NOM) solutions. It was found that, although the carbons and the NOM solutions had a wide range of characteristics, the major competitive mechanism was the same in all cases. The low molecular weight NOM compounds were the most competitive, participating in a direct competition with the MIB molecule for adsorption sites. Equivalent background concentration (EBC) calculations indicated a relatively low concentration of directly competing compounds in the NOM. Some evidence of pore restriction was also seen, with microporous carbons most affected by low molecular weight NOM, and mesoporous carbons impacted by the higher molecular weight compounds.

Low molecular weight gels: potential in remediation of crude oil spillage and recovery

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (58) ◽  
pp. 53415-53420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Siva Kesava Raju ◽  
Bhaskar Pramanik ◽  
Tanmoy Kar ◽  
Peddy V. C. Rao ◽  
Nettem V. Choudary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Oil Spillage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Time

A molecular gelator which has strong gelation ability for different crude oils (light to heavy crudes), and a wide range of refinery products is reported for the first time for its potential application in oil spillage/recovery.

Studies on lipopolysaccharides of Proteus

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1385-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Dmitriev ◽  
N. A. Hinton ◽  
R. W. Lowe ◽  
J. K. N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Homologous Antiserum ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Second Peak

The polysaccharide moieties of the lipopolysaccharides of serotyped strains of Proteus have been examined. The strains were selected to provide a wide range of serotypes. The primary acetic acid extracts of different strains of Proteus were fractionated on Sephadex G-50 and yielded three main components: a peak (I), which was composed mainly of polysaccharide; a second peak (II), the core polysaccharide, which contained heptose and phosphate; and a third component (III), which corresponded to a low molecular weight fraction and contained KDO and phosphate as well as other components. Peak I was not encountered in rough strains of Proteus. The chemical composition of the peaks obtained for S, SR, and R strains is discussed in relation to their agglutinating ability to homologous antiserum.

scholarly journals Extensive skin necrosis after periprosthetic knee infection: a case that highlights the possibility of complications induced by low-molecular-weight heparin

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Hélder Fonte ◽  
André Carvalho ◽  
João Rosa ◽  
Cláudia Pereira ◽  
Alexandre Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Skin Necrosis ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Soft Tissue Management ◽  
Knee Infection ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Periprosthetic Knee Infection

Abstract. We describe a case of a patient with atrial fibrillation, anticoagulated with dabigatran, that developed severe knee skin necrosis in the setting of an acute periprosthetic knee infection, after initiating low-molecular-weight heparin. A wide range of etiology hypotheses was discussed within a multidisciplinary team. The complex approach consisted of treating the underlying infection, multiple types of soft-tissue management, and stopping enoxaparin.

scholarly journals Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins: Reduced Size Particulate Systems for Improved Therapeutic Outcomes

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Akhtar ◽  
Xinyu Wan ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Samuel Kesse ◽  
Shaoda Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparins ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Efficient Delivery ◽  
Wide Range

A wide range of diseases have been treated using low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), the drug of choice for anticoagulation. Owing to their better pharmacokinetic features compared to those of unfractionated heparin (uFH), several systems incorporating LMWHs have been investigated to deliver and improve their therapeutic outcomes, especially through development of their micro- and nano-particles. This review article describes current perspectives on the fabrication, characterization, and application of LMWHs-loaded micro- and nano-particles to achieve ameliorated bioavailability. The valuable applications of LMWH will continue to encourage researchers to identify efficient delivery systems that have specific release characteristics and ameliorated bioavailability, overcoming the challenges presented by biological obstructions and the physicochemical properties of LMWHs.

scholarly journals Comparative study of technologies for extraction of biologically active substances from the raw material of animal origin

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
E. R. Vasilevskaya ◽  
M. A. Aryuzina ◽  
E. S. Vetrova
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid Solution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Active Substances

Technologies of isolation and concentration of biologically active substances, developed in the middle of the 20th century, need adjustment and adaptation to modern conditions both to increase the activity of substances and for greater economic efficiency. The aim of the research is the comparison of dynamics of biologically active compounds extraction from porcines pancreas in two methods: the saline method based on 0.9% sodium chloride solution, and the acidic method based on 2.4% trichloroacetic acid solution. Also the purpose of research is to assess the possibilities for further optimization of technologies. The total protein concentration based on the biuret reaction in the samples taken during the extraction, as well as the calculation and analysis of the point degrees and rates of extraction are chosen as the controlled parameters. Local maxima of the protein yields into the extractant media at the 60th, 135th and 255th minute were recorded during saline extraction; and at the 75th and 135th minute during acid extraction. Also the proteomic profile of the extracts was studied. Wide range of compounds with molecular weight of less than 52 kDa was found in extracts based on physiological saline solution, and protein substances of whole presented range of molecular weights in trichloroacetic acid based extracts were considered. The predominance of low molecular weight protein fraction of interest was noted also in this method of extraction in comparison with the other methods of extraction. According to the UniProt database, we assume availability of probable compounds with a molecular weight of less than 30 kDa in the purified acidic extract. The presence of some proteins absent in the final saline extract was noted. The acidic erythrograms showed a weak degrading effect of both types of extracts on the membranes of rat erythrocytes, as well as the cytoprotective effect of acidic ultrafiltrates (less than 3 kDa). The obtained results prove a better efficiency of trichloroacetic acid extraction method used for obtaining a mixture of a wide range of compounds, including biologically active substances of low molecular weight.

Diphasic Dialysis: A New Membrane Method for a Selective and Efficient Extraction of Low Molecular Weight Organic Compounds from Aqueous Solutions

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 854-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Dominguez ◽  
Jose L Blanco ◽  
Miguel A Moreno ◽  
Susana D Diaz ◽  
Javier Prieta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Membrane Method ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Efficient Extraction ◽  
Pass Through

Abstract A new membrane technique is described for the extraction of low molecular weight organic compounds from a wide range of substrates. With this system, the organic compounds of interest contained in the sample pass through the membrane toward the organic solvent, while other substances of higher molecular weight are excluded by the membrane. This procedure allows the extraction or the elimination of toxic substances with a yield of 90%.

A novel low molecular weight supergelator showing an excellent gas adsorption, dye adsorption, self-sustaining and chemosensing properties in the gel state

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (17) ◽  
pp. 14009-14015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satirtha Sengupta ◽  
Raju Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Copper Salts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mineral Acids

The article describes the role of a novel amide based supergelator in gelating a wide range of copper salts. The metallogel was highly stable to heat, stress and mineral acids showing an unprecedented colorimetric gel-to gel sensing of amine vapours.

AN ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCED BY MICROCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS

1950 ◽  
Vol 28e (5) ◽  
pp. 212-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Loeb ◽  
A. Moyer ◽  
R. G. E. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A stable antibiotic was produced by a strain of Micrococcus epidermidis that showed a wide range of activity against Gram-positive organisms. A mucoid Streptococcus pyogenes was used as test organism. This strain could be made resistant by being grown in increasing concentrations of antibiotic but the organism reverted to its original susceptibility immediately on transfer to medium without antibiotic. There was no antiluminescent activity when tested on Photobacterium fischeri. The test organism was not lysed by the antibiotic. The active substance was dialyzable, was remarkably heat stable, and was soluble only in water or, providing water was present, in solvents that were completely miscible with water. Purification was successful only to the extent of removing a number of inactive fractions by differential solubilities. The activity was destroyed by trypsin but not by pepsin. The physical and chemical data make it probable that the substance is a polypeptide of low molecular weight.

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