scholarly journals The Administration of Hajj in Brunei under the British Residency (1906 – 1954): A Historical Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Bazilah Mobeen
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Secondary Research ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
North Borneo

This article explores the historical perspective of the administration of hajj in Brunei under the British Residency from 1906 until 1954. The pilgrimage reports were initially issued by the British and the British-Indian Officers. Malaysian pilgrims were previously misclassified as Javanese due to oversimplification of the officers in charge before the 1920s. Nevertheless, Bruneian pilgrims might interrelate with the same problem as they shared the same hajj routes. Eventually in the 1920s, the pilgrimage reports were mainly handled by the Malay Pilgrimage officer who was also known as the Malayan Pilgrimage Commissioner in 1948. The Malayan Pilgrimage Commissioner was responsible in handling the pilgrims from Brunei, Federation of Malaya, Sarawak, North Borneo, and Singapore during the pilgrimage season in Mecca at the time. Even though the Malayan Pilgrimage Commissioner eliminated the misclassification of Malaysian pilgrims, Bruneian pilgrims continued to be enumerated together with pilgrims from Malaysia under the rubric of ‘Malay Pilgrims’. Primary and secondary research method are conducted for this article where various primary and secondary sources related to the administration of hajj in Brunei from 1906 until 1954 are used. This article discusses the roles and duties of the British Residents, local officers, Malayan Pilgrimage Commissioner, Medical Officers, and Sheikh Haji (Hajj Sheikh) in the hajj administration of the pilgrims from Brunei. This article further analyses British interests behind their involvements in the hajj administration.

scholarly journals NIGERIAN NATIONAL ASSEMBLY’S LEGISLATIVE OVERSIGHT, THE POWERS OF SUMMONS AND APPOINTMENTS’ RATIFICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-50
Author(s):  
Aduku A AKUBO ◽  
◽  
Kolapo Quadri ABAYOMI ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
Secondary Research ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Legislative Power ◽  
Legislative Oversight

The legislature as First Estate of the realm represents citizens and sovereignty. It makes the law, serve as checks on the activities of the executive (oversight) and represent the citizens in constituencies. The responsibility of the Parliaments is to guarantee that accountability and transparency of government activities are maintained in order to curb misuse of public funds, corruption, while effecting good practices. It also scrutinizes the nominees for top government positions by the executive arm while it ensures that the requests sent by the executive are properly examined in order to avoid inefficiency and non-performance. However, the paper relying on secondary research method and data gathering discover that limited political will by legislators, inadequate funds, deteriorating infrastructural facilities, pressure from the Executive, predominance of inexperience legislators in the art of lawmaking and the tendency to place a higher premium of personal and pecuniary interests at the expense of public interests are antithetical to the effective legislative power of summons and appointment ratification in the National Assembly. Therefore, the paper recommended that there is a need for legislators to shun mediocrity and rise above pecuniary, sectional and party interests in favour of the protection of democracy and its practices.

scholarly journals Strategi Peningkatan Kompetensi Aparatur Sipil Negara Melalui Peningkatan E-Literasi dan Edukasi Kebijakan Publik

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Apandi Apandi
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Performance Results

E-literacy and education are important components in improving the quality of human resources needed in an organization. The purpose of this study is to reveal the importance of e-literacy and public policy education. The State Civil Apparatus (ASN) requires e-literacy and education to improve performance results so that public services can be maximized. This becomes interesting research in the development of science-based on the real events that occur in Indonesia. Where so far, e-literacy and education is only intended for the public, especially millennial generation. The research method used is the study of literature where data is obtained through various secondary sources that are relevant to theoretically strengthen research results. The findings explain that e-literacy and education are effective and efficient strategies in overcoming budget constraints and low levels of ASN competence. With e-literacy and public policy education, it is hoped that the professionalism of the ASN bureaucracy will increase and the quality of public services will be better.

scholarly journals Pelaksanaan Pengambilan Sidik Jari dalam mengungkap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pencurian

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-254
Author(s):  
I Kadek Aris Setiawan ◽  
l Nyoman Gede Sugiarta ◽  
Ni Made Sukaryati Karma
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Fingerprint Identification ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Legal Method

The increase in the crime of theft has become one of the concerns in the community, so in this case the implementation of fingerprinting in exposing the crime of theft is to reveal the identity of the victim of theft. Based on these problems, the purpose of this research is to analyze the role of fingerprints in uncovering the criminal act of theft and the process of taking fingerprints in proving the perpetrator of the crime of theft. The research method used is normative and empirical legal method. Sources of data used are primary and secondary sources of law. Data collection techniques by interviewing, taking notes, quoting, reading, and summarizing the literature. After the data is collected, it is analyzed qualitatively. The result shows that the role of fingerprints in uncovering criminal acts of theft is that they can be used as evidence, by using a system or method of fingerprint identification, fingerprint records in the form of letters or expert statements can be used as additional evidence in addition to other evidence. found at the scene of the case in conducting an investigation.

A Historical Perspective of FDI Policy in India

LAW REVIEW ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jawed Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Growth Policy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Huge Challenge ◽  
Study Offer

FDI is an important tool in the economic development of the nation and considered as the spine of an economy, determining its growth trajectory in a big way but India followed a very restrictive FDI in retail policy from 1991 to 2006. India opened the entryway to single brand retailers permitting outside retailers to have up to 51% ownership and six years later i.e. in 2012. Government of India declared total liberalization of the FDI retail policy approach in single brand retailing by allowing 100% FDI in single brand retail. Although the ongoing wave of incessant liberalization and globalization FDI in such frame could be huge challenge and its growth policy itself speak the history of FDI policy. Historically, the current FDI policy growth is an enormous challenge, which is the reason of the present paper. The study offer an outline summary of historical perspective of FDI policy in India with the assistance of knowledge collected from secondary sources. The secondary data has been collected from journals, research paper, newspaper, literature review and websites. In order to make an exploratory research, chosen in order to develop a profound understanding of the research topic and procure knowledge through concerning research objectives from different angles to explain it.

scholarly journals Understanding the suffering of a patient with an illness: signs, context and strategies

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Hueso Montoro ◽  
José Siles González ◽  
Manuel Amezcua ◽  
Candela Bonill de las Nieves ◽  
Sonia Pastor Montero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Secondary Research ◽  
Primary Data Source ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Multidimensional Process ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this study is to understand the suffering of a patient with an illness, by using a secondary research method, that is, a qualitative meta-study. The primary data source of the meta-study includes "biographical reports". This project is based on a case study, in which the first-hand experiences of a patient with an illness were collected. The findings of the reports were compiled using the Archivos de la Memoria collection of the Index Foundation (Granada, Spain) and journals specialized in editing these materials. A selection of 20 biographical reports was targeted. The results of the meta-study show that suffering is a multidimensional process within a framework of ambiguous feelings. The suffering involves family and social network participation. Patients develop a range of strategies to overcome the illness. One of the effects is the fear of illness relapse or worsening.

Whatever Happened to Theory Testing In Sport Psychology?

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Landers
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Theory Testing ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Null Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Strong Inference ◽  
Meta Analyses

It is maintained that a balance among theory testing, applied research, and dissemination, though an ideal goal for sport psychology, is not being achieved because theory testing has not kept pace. To explain the rise and decline of theory testing in sport psychology a historical perspective was used. Whereas sport psychology from 1950-1965 was characterized by empiricism, from 1966-1976 it was characterized by a social analysis approach used to test single theories with novel tasks in a laboratory setting. In contrast to the earlier approaches, it is recommended that contemporary sport psychologists (a) use more meta-analyses to recheck the conclusions of past reviews, (b) become less reliant on a single research method or setting, (c) avoid premature commitments to a theory, and (d) become less enamored with statistically based null hypothesis testing. A number of suggestions are offered and examples provided to encourage, where appropriate, the use of “strong inference,” a more eclectic employment of research methods and settings as well as statistical techniques to determine the strength of observed relationships.

scholarly journals Online Shopping in an Emerging Market

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p1
Author(s):  
Toan Do ◽  
Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Cuong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Secondary Research ◽  
Factors Affecting

The emerging market is currently witnessing the active development of online shopping. This study was conducted to analyze the key factors affecting the intention of customers to purchase in Vietnam. This study is conducted by two methods, including "secondary research method" and "quantitative method" for research. Firstly, the author uses the "secondary research method" to refer to previous academic sources for this research. Secondly, the author collected a sample of 349 volunteers in Vietnam who have an understanding and interest in e-commerce. Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Transaction Security are reported to have a positive relationship with online purchase intention. They are significant factors affecting the purchase intention of Vietnamese online customers. Other demographic factors can affect online shopping intention, such as age and income, so research cannot represent all customers. Businesses can use the findings to further understand about emerging markets. This trend is the basis for business managers to develop customer attraction strategies and improve the quality of online shopping services. The potential for online shopping is becoming more attractive, especially in emerging markets. This study is in line with the trend of the online shopping industry. The results of this study can help marketers understand more about customers' intentions, thereby building long-term relationships between businesses and customers.

scholarly journals The Psychology and Historical Perspective behind Entrepreneurial and Business Practices in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif Khan
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship

Indonesia is a country in southern Asia consisting of many islands and is the 4th largest populated country in the world. The country has one of the best economies in the world since it has been participating in international trade for many years. However, it has had drawbacks that have made it unable to reach the levels of the developed countries in the world. Therefore, it is necessary to study the facts behind the success and the failure of some business ventures. Additionally, the study of strategies by companies to have a competitive advantage in business is fundamental to understanding the situation in the country. The new research will seek to use the available analyses about the same topic to bring about a new understanding. Theories such as McClelland’s locus of control theory can apply in the study to understand the relationship between entrepreneurship and the psychology of people. The paper uses secondary sources review to get information about the topic to propose a solution to the challenges that the companies in the country have been facing towards achieving a competitive returns.

scholarly journals Visegrad Group and Relations with Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radovan Višňovský
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Political Transition ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central European ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Visegrad Group ◽  
The Eu

This article refers to the Central European countries by meaning the Visegrad Group countries (V4) - Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia. The development of the Visegrad Group aimed on integration to the Euro-Atlantic structures fulfilled its promise, nevertheless, the membership in Western structures does not necessarily mean the loss of Russian influence in the region of Central Europe. On the contrary, the region’s connection to Russia developed in the past remained to some extent even after the process of political transition in particular countries. Such connections are responsible for foreign policy discourse with a plethora of questions and misunderstandings on issues related to the political attitudes of Visegrad members towards Russia and some contradictory stances of the V4 countries among themselves as well with respect to Brussels. The EU’s politics of sanctions towards Russia is having a direct, counterproductive effect in Visegrad, what is resulting in undermined relations and weakened coherence inside the EU with the emergence of anti-Western and pro-Russian political parties that creates the space for Russian foreign policy to achieve more influence in the region. This article is analyzing the background of such discourse and some of the reasons behind the pro-Russian sentiment or discrepancies and non-coherence of the EU members’ opinions on Russia. At the same time, the awareness of the outcomes of this article can be relevant in analyzing the possibilities to avoid the deepening of the conflictual foreign policy between the EU and Russia, or the Visegrad and Russia, respectively. The research is built on both, primary and secondary sources, related mainly to the evolution of relations in specific areas between both sides. The mentioned historical perspective creates the basis of the analysis and is further put into contemporary discourse to find the answers on the question: what are the reasons for non-coherence of the EU and Visegrad towards the policy against Russia? To achieve the above-mentioned results, the analysis is provided in chronological perspective using the mixed methods by exploring the official documents, scholarly articles published on the topic, and public polls as well.

scholarly journals Analysis of the productivity of the distribution process of the company DICONSA in Villahermosa Tabasco, for the generation of a proposal for improvement

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Ana Cecilia Martínez-Gutiérrez ◽  
Leticia López-Valdivieso ◽  
Adan Torres-Torres ◽  
Hortensia Eliseo- Dantés
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Future ◽  
Distribution Process ◽  
Productivity Indicators

The objective is to carry out an analysis of the productivity of the distribution process, in the company DICONSA in Villahermosa Tabasco, for the generation of a proposal for improvement. This research will address topics of interest on the productivity of the distribution process, of the company DICONSA that is responsible for supporting both urban and rural communities. Productivity is a topic of great interest within the business sector, since based on it; The future of any company depends on the application and its use within the organization. Productivity indicators are essential to really know what state an organization is in. The research method is descriptive, since it was made from documentary research of primary and secondary sources of information. It will contribute with a diagnosis of the situation of the company and a model of improvement for productivity, within the company DICONSA located in Villahermosa, Tabasco.

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