scholarly journals Bivariate analysis of the genetic variability among some accessions of African Yam Bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst ex A. Rich)Harms)

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Tayo AKINYOSOYE ◽  
Johnson Adedayo ADETUMBI ◽  
Oluwafemi Daniel AMUSA ◽  
Adeola AGBELEYE ◽  
Folake ANJORIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
African Yam Bean ◽  
Tuber Production ◽  
Eigen Values

<p>Variability is an important factor to consider in crop improvement programmes. This study was conducted in two years to assess genetic variability and determine relationship between seed yield, its components and tuber production characters among twelve accessions of African yam bean. Data collected were subjected to combined analysis of variance (ANOVA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), hierarchical and K-means clustering analyses. Results obtained revealed that genotype by year (G × Y) interaction had significant effects on some of variables measured (days to first flowering, days to 50 % flowering, number of pod per plant, pod length, seed yield and tuber yield per plant) in this study.The first five principal components (PC) with Eigen values greater than 1.0 accounted for about 66.70 % of the total variation, where PC1 and PC 2 accounted for 39.48 % of variation and were associated with seed and tuber yield variables. Three heterotic groups were clearly delineated among genotypes with accessions AY03 and AY10 identified for high seed yield and tuber yield respectively. Non-significant relationship that existed between tuber and seed yield per plant of these accessions was recommended for further test in various agro-ecologies for their suitability, adaptability and possible exploitation of heterosis to further improve the accessions.</p>

Genetic variability, principal component and cluster analyses in black gram under Foot-hills conditions of Manipur

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Samuel Jeberson ◽  
K. S. Shashidhar ◽  
Amit Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Eigen Values ◽  
Correlation And Path Analysis ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Selection Of

Analysis of genetic variability, heritability, correlation, path analysis, principal component and cluster analysis was carried for 25 blackgram genotypes grown in the foothills of Manipur. The results showed that phenotypic coefficients of variability recorded were higher than the genotypic coefficients of variability, irrespective of traits, demonstrating the effect of environment thereon. The present study revealed that the heritability (bs) estimates were maximum (>50%) for the traits such as days taken to attain the 50% flowering, number of clusters/plant, number of pods/plant and 100 seed weight. The correlation and path analysis proved the selection of the yield attributes in blackgram based on the characters, viz., number of pods/plant and number of cluster/plants. The first three principal components, having the Eigen values more than 1, contributed 84.52% towards variability among the 25 genotypes screened for quantitative traits. Based on the average linkage, 25 genotypes were grouped into five (5) clusters.

Genotypes performance and genetic variability studies in Hot Chilli (Capsicum annum L.)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kadwey ◽  
Ashwini Dadiga ◽  
Sunil Prajapati
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Dry Fruit ◽  
Very High

Twenty five diverse chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes were evaluated in a field study to assess genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance. The highest PCV were recorded for number of fruit plant-1 (42.0), dry fruit yield plant-1 (30.34), seed yield plant-1 (28.94), fruit weight of dry chilli (23.38), number of primary branches plant-1 at 30 DAT (21.88) and fruit width (21.0). While, highest GCV was observed for number of fruit plant-1 (41.77), dry fruit yield plant-1 (29.61), seed yield plant-1 (27.67) and fruit weight of dry chilli (21.67), The value of heritability (h2bs) was found to be very high for fruit yield plant-1 (97.91), seed yield plant-1 (96.82), dry fruit yield plant-1 (95.24), days to first picking (94.88), fruit length (93.30), fruit weight of green chilli (93.26), fruit yield plot-1(92.91), fruit yield ha-1 (92.90) and fruit width (92.02). The highest estimates of genetic advance as percentage of mean was recorded for number of fruit plant-1 (45.59), fruit weight of dry chilli (41.38), fruit width (39.82), dry fruit yield plant-1 (39.52), seed yield plant-1 (38.70), fruit weight of green chilli (38.10), fruit yield plant-1 (37.33) and fruit length (36.78) were observed for these all the above characters, imply the potential for crop improvement in chilli through selection.

Analysis of Genetic Variability parameters for Seed Yield and its attributing Traits of desi Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under different Environments in West Bengal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
AVINALAPPA HOTTI ◽  
RAGHUNATH SADHUKHAN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Twenty two promising Desi chickpea genotypes were grown in RBD with two replications under normal and late sown high temperature conditions with objective to estimate genetic variability for seed yield and its attributing traits to identify potential genotypes for heat tolerance. The maximum genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variability (GCV and PCV) were observed for number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield per plant under both environments, whereas number of primary branches per plant recorded minimum in late planting conditions. The high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean (GAM) was observed for all traits except days to maturity, plant height and number of pods per plant under both environments but the harvest index recorded moderate heritability coupled with low GAM in late planting conditions. This implies the presence of more additive gene effects for potential crop improvement. On the basis of mean performance for important economic traits under both environments, the genotypes ICCV 92944, Annigeri-1, JG-6, RSG-888, RSG-945 and ICCV-10 were identified as best performer for the number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight, seed yield per plant and harvest index, as well as these genotypes were identified as heat tolerant for the respective traits. The genotype ICCV 10 had stable for yield and yield related traits over both environments, therefore it could be tested over locations for stability verification and for further use in breeding program.

scholarly journals Assessing yield stability in African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) performance using year effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-212
Author(s):  
Charity Aremu ◽  
Sunday A. Ige ◽  
Dolapo Ibirinde ◽  
Ibrahim Raji ◽  
Stephen Abolusoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
African Yam Bean ◽  
Year Effect ◽  
Sphenostylis Stenocarpa

AbstractMaintaining yield stability in the African yam bean (AYB) (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) under year-to-year variability is crucial to its sustained productivity. Exploring yield stability in crops is vital in identifying how stable and consistent the yield of such crops is. Cultivation of AYB, an underutilized traditional legume in a specific environment, will further popularize the crop and enhance the acceptance as a cheap protein source thereby reducing hunger and malnutrition especially in regions where climate change has negatively affected legume crop production. Field trials were carried out to study the performance of 23 AYB genotypes in four-year environments. Two seeds of each genotype were sown in a single 5 m row plot spaced at 1 m between and within rows; the trial was conducted during the cropping season of 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014 and was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. At harvesting, five plants from each row were separately harvested; seeds of all the sampled plants in each plot were bulked and weighed, and the seed yield per plant was then determined. A combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to test for the significance of genotypes, year, and genotype by year interaction. Before combined ANOVA, a test for homogeneity of residual variances was performed using Bartlet’s test; stability of the genotypes over the years was ascertained numerically and graphically using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction and Genotype X Genotype X Environment interaction (GGE) biplot analyses. Rainfall distribution between 680 and 1,700 mm with an average temperature of 28.50°C under sandy-clay soil type supported high and stable seed yield production in AYB. This environment was found adequate during the 2014 (E1) growing season. Genotypes TSs118, TSs12, TSs109, TSs148, TSs5, TSs61, and TSs69 produced an above-average mean yield across the years and were found to be productive and stable in all the year environments. TSs82 and TSs6 with above-average mean seed and tuber yield can be considered for cultivation where seed and tuber dual-purpose production is to be maximized, while TSs111, TSs49, and TSs96 with high tuber yield ranking above average total tuber yield can be further enhanced for tuber production.

scholarly journals Analyses of variability, euclidean clustering and principal components for genetic diversity of eight Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mia Mukul ◽  
Nargis Akter ◽  
Md. Golam Mostofa ◽  
Md. Sohanur Rahman ◽  
Md. Al-Emran Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Fibre Yield

An investigation was done to assess the genetic variability, character associations, and genetic diversity of eight jute genotypes for seven morphological traits in a randomised complete block design at Bangladesh Jute Research Institute during 15 March, 2018 to 31 December, 2019. Analyses results revealed significant differences (P<0.01) among all genotypes for studied traits indicating the presence of variability. All the lines performed better than one control (JRO-524), and the line (O-0412-9-4) provided good results for desired traits than all controls. Jute fibre yield showed the highest broad sense heritability (98.54%). The studied jute morphological traits i.e. Plant population, the plant height, green weight, dry fibre yield and dry stick yield gave high heritability along with high genotypic and phenotypic variances, genetic advances in percent of the mean, highly significant and positive correlations. It indicates the possibility of crop improvement through phenotypic selection and maximum genetic gain, simultaneously at the genotypic-phenotypic level. Clustering analysis grouped all genotypes into three distinct clusters. The cluster II showed the highest mean values for all traits followed by cluster I and III. The first two principal components with higher Eigen values (>1.0) accounted for 90.88% of the total variation in the principal component analysis. PCA and cluster analyses indicated that the advanced breeding line O-0412-9-4 made its individual cluster II with higher inter-cluster distance and higher fibre yield (3.12 t ha-1). The investigation was done to select the genotype(s) with good fibre yield and distinct features in respect of developing high yielding Tossa jute variety for cultivation in the farmers’ field. This genotype O-0412-9-4 was selected based on higher plant height, base diameter, fibre yield content. It will be developed as a high yielding variety considering its’ higher genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, significant associations for desirable characters.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Heritability, Genetic advance and Divergence in Ethiopian Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp] Landraces

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fantaye Belay ◽  
Kibrom Fischa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Cluster Distance

Abstract Information on genetic variability in cowpea germplasm is important for crop improvement and for efficient utilization of the existing genetic resources. Hence, the objectives of the present investigation were to estimate genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and to identify divergent parents from distantly related clusters among Ethiopian cowpea accessions. The field experiment was carried out using 42 accessions at Abergelle Agricultural Research Center on station during the 2019 cropping season. Data were collected for 8 agronomic traits and analysis of variance revealed significant differences (p<0.01) among the accessions for the traits studied. Seed yield had higher genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) coupled with the highest genetic advance as percent of mean (100%). All the traits had moderate (68.01) to very high (99.98%) broad sense heritability. Further, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was attained for days to flowering, grain filling period, plant height, pod length, seed yield and thousand seed weight reflecting the presence of additive gene action for the expression of these traits and improvement of these traits could be done through selection. The cluster analysis based on agronomic traits revealed four distinct groups at 90% similarity level. The highest inter cluster D2 was recorded between cluster III and cluster IV (D2=133.69 units). The range of inter cluster distance was 15.25 to 133.69 units, respectively. In conclusion, the high genetic distance revealed among clusters has to be exploited via crossing and selection of the most divergent parents for future cowpea improvement program.

scholarly journals ​Generation Mean Analysis for Seed Yield and Its Contributing Traits in the Inter-varietal Cross of Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamilzharasi Murugesan ◽  
Kumaresan Dharmalingam ◽  
Thiruvengadam Venkatesan ◽  
Souframanien Jegadeesan ◽  
Jayamani Palaniappan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Plant Breeder ◽  
Research Material ◽  
The Mean

Background: Blackgram is being cultivated as an indispensable pulse crop and a rich source of vitamins and minerals. Though the requirement for blackgram is high, the productivity is low. The ultimate aim of any plant breeder in a crop improvement program is to increase seed yield/ productivity. With this background, the current study was focused to investigate genetic variability/effects on important yield and its contributing traits of blackgram. Methods: The research material comprised of P1, P2, F1, F2 and F3 obtained from a cross between CO 6 and LBG 17 varieties in blackgram. Observations on nine biometrical traits were recorded from all these five populations for generation mean analysis. By employing Mather and Jinks (1971) scaling test of C and D, the suitability nature of the simple additive-dominance model can be identified. Following Hayman (1958) perfect fit solution, the mean of five generations (P1, P2, F1, F2 and F3) was utilized to calculate five parameters. Result: Fitted genetic model revealed as important yield and yield contributing traits governed by dominance and epistasis in this study, it indicates the selection may be postponed to later generations with greater homozygosity.

Evaluation of Gloriosa superba for Yield Attributing Characters and Quantification of Colchicine Originated from Different Agro Climatic Zones of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar P. ◽  
Elangaimannan R.
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Gloriosa Superba ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Colchicine Alkaloid

The study was conducted to evolve Gloriosa superba for yield characters and alkalodi content for selecting elite genotypes for comercial exploitatio n. The genotypes were sowm in Variyankaval village, Udayarpalayam taluk of Ariyalur district, Tamil Nadu. The highest mean value for fresh and dry seed yield was observed in Chittor local. The genotype Mulanur local has recorded the highest mean value for number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod and Arupukotai local excelled the general mean for the traits seeds per pod, fresh and dry seed yield and also for tuber characters. An investigation was carried out to quantify the colchicine (alkaloid) present in tubers by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method. The genotypes collected from Arupukotai recorded the highest colchicine content (0.760 mg/g) followed by Chittoor (0.578 mg/g) and Mulanur (0.496 mg/g) and there by these three genotypes were utilized for further crop improvement.

scholarly journals Genetic variability and genome-wide association analysis of flavor and texture in cooked beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber Bassett ◽  
Kelvin Kamfwa ◽  
Daniel Ambachew ◽  
Karen Cichy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Flavor Intensity ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
White Bean ◽  
The Usa ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
End Use

Abstract Key message Cooked bean flavor and texture vary within and across 20 Andean seed types; SNPs are significantly associated with total flavor, beany, earthy, starchy, bitter, seed-coat perception, and cotyledon texture. Abstract Common dry beans are a nutritious food recognized as a staple globally, but their consumption is low in the USA. Improving bean flavor and texture through breeding has the potential to improve consumer acceptance and suitability for new end-use products. Little is known about genetic variability and inheritance of bean sensory characteristics. A total of 430 genotypes of the Andean Diversity Panel representing twenty seed types were grown in three locations, and cooked seeds were evaluated by a trained sensory panel for flavor and texture attribute intensities, including total flavor, beany, vegetative, earthy, starchy, sweet, bitter, seed-coat perception, and cotyledon texture. Extensive variation in sensory attributes was found across and within seed types. A set of genotypes was identified that exhibit extreme attribute intensities generally stable across all three environments. seed-coat perception and total flavor intensity had the highest broad-sense heritability (0.39 and 0.38, respectively), while earthy and vegetative intensities exhibited the lowest (0.14 and 0.15, respectively). Starchy and sweet flavors were positively correlated and highest in white bean genotypes according to principal component analysis. SNPs associated with total flavor intensity (six SNPs across three chromosomes), beany (five SNPs across four chromosomes), earthy (three SNPs across two chromosomes), starchy (one SNP), bitter (one SNP), seed-coat perception (three SNPs across two chromosomes), and cotyledon texture (two SNPs across two chromosomes) were detected. These findings lay a foundation for incorporating flavor and texture in breeding programs for the development of new varieties that entice growers, consumers, and product developers alike.

Assessment of Genetic Variability and Relationship between Different Quantitative Traits in Field Pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense) Germplasm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Pratap ◽  
Vijay Sharma ◽  
Kamaluddin . ◽  
Gaurav Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Biological Yield

Background: Assessment of genetic variability and inter-relationship between the characters can be used in the breeding programme to evolve new varieties with wide genetic diversity to maximize the yield potential in crop improvement programmes. Eighty-four field pea genotypes were evaluated in an augmented block design for thirteen quantitative traits to study variance components, heritability, genetic advance and inter-relationship between the yield and yield contributing traits. Methods: The extent of phenotypic and genotypic variation that exist in a character was calculated by the formula suggested by Burton and de Vane (1953). Heritability in broad sense and genetic advance as per cent of mean for each character was computed using the formula suggested by Hanson et al. (1956) and Johnson et al. (1955), respectively. Correlation coefficient was calculated by method suggested by Searle (1961) and path coefficient analysis done as per method of Wright (1921) and elaborated by Dewey and Lu (1959).Result: Significant differences observed among the genotypes tested for the yield characters indicated the presence of variability. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for the traits viz., plant height, effective pods plant-1, harvest index and seed yield plant-1 were governed by additive gene effects which will aid in effective selection. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that seed yield plant-1 had highly significant and positive correlation with biological yield plant-1, effective pods plant-1, harvest index, seeds pods-1 and effective nodes plant-1, indicating that these traits are strongly associated with seed yield in field pea. Path coefficient analysis identified biological yield plant-1 followed by harvest index, seed pod-1, effective nodes plant-1, 100-seed weight and day to 50% flowering as highly desirable components with great direct effects on seed yield. 

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