scholarly journals Morphological rearrangement of the metabolic link of the microcirculatory bed of guinea pigs lungs after sensitization with ovalbumin

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
S. S. Popko
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Blood Capillaries ◽  
Microcirculatory Bed ◽  
Functional Reorganization ◽  
Connective Tissue Component ◽  
Adaptive Processes

The reaction of the lung microvessels is an urgent issue of morphology and medicine in general, as well as one of the insufficiently investigated points in the study of morphological changes in chronic allergic diseases of the respiratory system. The aim is to study the morphological changes in the vessels of the metabolic link of the microcirculation in the lungs of guinea pigs sensitized with ovalbumin. Materials and methods. We have studied the lungs of 48 guinea pigs, using histological and morphometric methods, under conditions of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation, simulated by three-time subcutaneous sensitization and subsequent 8-day intranasal inhalation of ovalbumin. To estimate the structural and functional state of capillaries, the inner diameter of the vessels was determined. Results. A general regularity in the reactivity of the hemomicrocirculatory bed of guinea pig lungs in experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation was established, which consists in a significant structural and functional restructuring of the exchange vessels of the microcirculatory bed. Dysfunction of the capillaries endothelium is manifested by a change of vasodilatation to vasospasm, as evidenced by morphometric changes in the diameter of the capillaries lumen in the experimental groups, and an increase in the permeability of the capillaries wall, which is confirmed by edema and disorganization of the connective tissue component. Conclusions. Allergic inflammation leads to structural and functional reorganization of the metabolic link of the hemomicrocirculatory bed of guinea pig lungs, which has a multidirectional staging character depending on the duration of the experiment and is a manifestation of a violation of the compensatory-adaptive processes of hemomicrocirculation. The most pronounced changes in the form of a decrease in the diameter of the lumen of the blood capillaries of the lungs of guinea pigs by 23 % compared to the control are observed during the late period of the development of the allergic inflammatory process.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GUINEA PIGS BRONCHUS ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE IN THE DYNAMICS OF EXPERIMENTAL OVALBUMIN-INDUCED ALLERGIC INFLAMMATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
S. S. Popko
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Structural Reorganization ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Lymphoid Nodules

The actual problem of modern medicine is the reaction of Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue in airways chronic allergic diseases, because the full functioning of the respiratory system depends on the state of its local immune system. The aim – to study morphological changes in Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue of guinea pigs in the dynamics of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation. Material and Methods. We have studied the lung of 48 guinea pigs, using histological and morphometric methods, under conditions of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation. To assess the structural and functional rearrangement of pulmonary lymphoid nodules, their diameter and number were determined. Results. We have shown that sensitization and allergization with ovalbumin leads to a significant structural and functional rearrangement of Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue of guinea pigs in the form of the elevation in their number and diameter. We found more pronounced morphological changes in the late period of development of allergic inflammation in peribronchial lymphoid nodules, confirmed by the maximum magnification factor – 2.6 (p*/**<0.001) of the diameter of peribronchial lymphoid nodules in the 4th experimental group compared to the control. Conclusions. Sensitization and inhalation with ovalbumin leads to structural reorganization of Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue of guinea pigs in the form of the elevation in their number and diameter, had the unidirectional staged character depending on localization of lymphoid nodules and the duration of the experiment and claimed proliferative changes in the cellular adaptive link of local lung immunity of guinea pigs in late period of allergic inflammatory process.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION AND QUANTITATIVE CHANGES OF MAST CELLS IN GUINEA PIGS LUNG IN OVALBUMIN-INDUCED ALLERGIC INFLAMMATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
S. S. Popko ◽  
V. M. Yevtushenko
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Experimental Group

Background. One of the most important cells in local immunity in lung are mast cells. They are involved in both innate and adaptive immune responses to inhaled allergens. The question of distribution of these both cell types in guinea pig lung in case of experimental allergic inflammation in most aspects remains open. Objective. The aim of this research is to study the distribution and quantitative changes of mast cells in lung of guinea pigs in ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation. Methods. the lungs of 48 male guinea pigs have been studied using histological, morphometric and statistical methods in cases of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation. The total number of mucosa related must cells and perivascular mast cells in guinea pig lungs were counted. Results. It has been established that mucosa related mast cells are normally more abundant in guinea pigs lung than perivascular ones. Maximum increase in a number of mucosa related mast cells was revealed in the early period of allergic inflammation, as evidenced by maximum increase coefficient of 1.4 in the 1st experimental group, compare to the control (P*/**<0.05). However, maximum increase in number of perivascular mast cells in 5 times was found during the late period of allergic inflammation in the 4th experimental group (P*/**<0.05). Conclusion. Experimental sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin leads to statistically significant increase in average number of both types of mast cells but predominantly the latter ones. It has been proved that cells dynamics is multidirectional.

scholarly journals Morphological features of histogenic differon cells in connective tissue of guinea pigs’ lungs after sensitization with ovalbumin

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-225
Author(s):  
S. S. Popko ◽  
V. M. Yevtushenko
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Experimental Sensitization ◽  
Pulmonary Connective Tissue

An urgent issue of modern morphology is establishing a number of patterns of morphological changes and reactivity of connective tissue components of lungs in case of experimental sensitization with allergens. The aim is to estimate morphological features of histogenic differon cells in connective tissue of guinea pigs’ lungs after sensitization with ovalbumin. Materials and methods. Using morphometric and histological method, we have estimated the lung connective tissue of 48 male guinea pigs with experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation, simulated by subcutaneous sensitization and aeroallergization with ovalbumin. The number of fibrocytes, fibroblasts per 5000 μm2 and their ratio – fibroblast/fibrocyte coefficient were determined. Results. We have established the regularity of morphological changes dynamics in the cellular elements of pulmonary connective tissue. Experimental sensitization and inhalated allergization with ovalbumin leads to a statistically significant increase in the average number of fibroblasts and fibrocytes throughout the observation period in all experimental groups. It has been proved that the dynamics of cells has a multidirectional character, demonstrated by indicators of the fibroblast/fibrocyte coefficient, which shows the disproportion in the fibroblast/fibrocyte ratio and proves the tendency to the development of fibrosis in guinea pigs’ pulmonary connective tissue in case of experimental sensitization with ovalbumin. Conclusions. A gradual increase in the number of fibrocytes, against the background of a decrease in the number of fibroblasts is observed from the 23rd day to the completion of experimental sensitization with ovalbumin in the lungs of guinea pigs, compared with control group. A decrease of fibroblast/fibrocyte coefficient from 1.37 ± 0.03 in the early period to 0.82 ± 0.03 in the late period of the allergic inflammation demonstrates multidirectional nature of the dynamics in the number of connective tissue cells and indicates a tendency towards the development of fibrosis in pulmonary connective tissue.

EFFECTS OF OESTROGENS AND ACTH ON THE ADRENALS OF THE GUINEA-PIG COMPARED WITH THOSE IN THE RAT

1959 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARBARA E. CLAYTON ◽  
JOYCE E. HAMMANT
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Significant Fall

SUMMARY 1. In female guinea-pigs the total cholesterol in the adrenal glands was significantly depressed by stilboestrol (SB). Oestradiol (Oe) did not produce a significant fall in adrenal cholesterol, and the levels in the serum and liver were unchanged by either treatment. 2. The effects of SB and Oe have been compared in the guinea-pig and rat. (a) In both species adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) caused a fall in adrenal ascorbic acid. In the rat, but not in the guinea-pig, there was also a fall after treatment with SB and Oe. (b) In the rat SB caused severe morphological changes in the adrenal glands and great depletion of their lipid content. By contrast, in the guinea-pig, even using five times the dose given to the rat, morphological changes in the adrenals were minimal and there was little depletion of fat. (c) Oe did not produce marked morphological changes in either species, but it caused great depletion of fat in the adrenal glands of the rat, and, by contrast, only a little depletion in the guinea-pig. (d) No severe changes were observed in the livers and kidneys in either species following treatment with ACTH, SB or Oe. These experiments emphasize the large differences in the response of these two species to treatment with oestrogens.

scholarly journals Morphfological changes in the membranes of the trachea of guinea pigs in experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation of the airways.

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
M.V. Aksamytieva ◽  
S.S. Popko ◽  
V.M. Evtushenko
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Tracheal Mucosa ◽  
Intact Group ◽  
Chicken Egg

Background. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of allergic diseases of the respiratory organs, especially in children. The predictor of the further development of bronchial asthma is sensitizing at an early age to the allergens of chicken egg. The use of new knowledge about the allergenic components of the chicken egg will predict the risks and clinical features of the disease. Despite the importance, the problem of morphogenesis of allergic inflammation of the wall of the trachea is not sufficiently studied, so far many issues are not found in morphology and require further research. Objective.The aim of the study is to establish morphological changes in the tracheal membranes in experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation of the airways of guinea pigs. Methods. The thickness of tracheal wall of 48 male guinea pigs was investigated by histological, morphometric, statistical methods on the twenty-third, thirty-sixth, thirty-sixth and forty-fourth days after the initiation of the experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation of the airways. Results. We have found, that maximum statistically significant thickening is shown in the late period of tracheal mucosa in 2 times on the 44th day of observation and tracheal submucosa in the 3rd experimental group on the 36th day of observation (increasing coefficient 2) compared to the control. However, the thinning of tracheal submucosa is observed in the early period of the inflammatory process on the 23rd and 30th day of observation. It has been proved, that the allergic inflammation of the tissues of the trachea caused by the sensitization and allergization of ovalbumin leads to the change in the thickness of layers of trachea in the chronobiological aspect. Conclusion. On the 23rd and 30th days of the experiment, thinning of tracheal mucosais observed due to damage of epithelial cells. Thickening of tracheal mucosa and submucosa was found in the third and fourth groups of observation (late period of allergic inflammation) compared with animals of the intact group and the control group due to an increase in the area of loose connective tissue, which is a consequence of the continuation of the allergic inflammatory process in the trachea after the end of the experiment.

scholarly journals Morphometric characteristics of distal airways of guinea pigs sensitized with ovalbumin

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
S.S. Popko ◽  
V.M. Evtushenko
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Muscular Layer ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Adventitial Layer

The reaction of the structural components of small bronchi and terminal bronchioles is the urgent issue of morphology and medicine in general, as well as one of the insufficiently studied issue in the study of morphological changes in the airways with allergic inflammation in the chronobiological aspect. The purpose of this work is to study the morphometric parameters of distal airways of guinea pigs sensitized with ovalbumin. We have studied the lung of 48 guinea pigs, using histological, morphometric and statistical methods under conditions of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation, simulated by three times subcutaneous sensitization and subsequent 8-day intranasal inhalation of ovalbumin. The thickness of mucosa, muscular layer and adventitial layer was determined to assess morphometric parameters of bronchioles and terminal bronchioles. There are reactive changes in morphometric parameters of bronchioles on the 23rd and 30th days of observation, such as the thinning of mucosa and on the 36th day such as muscular-fibrous hyperplasia, accompanied by the narrowing of the bronchioles lumen. There are the most significant confirmed statistically changes in the terminal bronchioles on the 36th day of the experiment such as the thickening of mucosa and adventitial layer, accompanied by muscular hyperplasia and edema of the connective tissue stroma. Thus, sensitization and allergization with ovalbumin of experimental animals cause morpho-functional changes in the structural elements of the wall of bronchioles and terminal bronchioles, which have a staged, mainly multidirectional character and correspond to the main morphological manifestations of allergic inflammation with maximal changes in the late period of its development (the 36th day of the experiment).

Glycogen in guinea pig neutrophils: Ultrastructural study of neutrophils at the intradermal site of BCG injection

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 726-727
Author(s):  
Corazon D. Bucana
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies

In the circulating blood of man and guinea pigs, glycogen occurs primarily in polymorphonuclear neutrophils and platelets. The amount of glycogen in neutrophils increases with time after the cells leave the bone marrow, and the distribution of glycogen in neutrophils changes from an apparently random distribution to large clumps when these cells move out of the circulation to the site of inflammation in the peritoneal cavity. The objective of this study was to further investigate changes in glycogen content and distribution in neutrophils. I chose an intradermal site because it allows study of neutrophils at various stages of extravasation.Initially, osmium ferrocyanide and osmium ferricyanide were used to fix glycogen in the neutrophils for ultrastructural studies. My findings confirmed previous reports that showed that glycogen is well preserved by both these fixatives and that osmium ferricyanide protects glycogen from solubilization by uranyl acetate.I found that osmium ferrocyanide similarly protected glycogen. My studies showed, however, that the electron density of mitochondria and other cytoplasmic organelles was lower in samples fixed with osmium ferrocyanide than in samples fixed with osmium ferricyanide.

Inhibition of Human and Animal Platelet Adhesiveness to Glass Bead Columns by Adenosine, Dipyridamole, Chlorpromazine and Acetylsalicylic Acid

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buichi Fujttani ◽  
Toshimichi Tsuboi ◽  
Kazuko Takeno ◽  
Kouichi Yoshida ◽  
Masanao Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rabbit Platelet ◽  
Platelet Adhesiveness

SummaryThe differences among human, rabbit and guinea-pig platelet adhesiveness as for inhibitions by adenosine, dipyridamole, chlorpromazine and acetylsalicylic acid are described, and the influence of measurement conditions on platelet adhesiveness is also reported. Platelet adhesiveness of human and animal species decreased with an increase of heparin concentrations and an increase of flow rate of blood passing through a glass bead column. Human and rabbit platelet adhesiveness was inhibited in vitro by adenosine, dipyridamole and chlorpromazine, but not by acetylsalicylic acid. On the other hand, guinea-pig platelet adhesiveness was inhibited by the four drugs including acetylsalicylic acid. In in vivo study, adenosine, dipyridamole and chlorpromazine inhibited platelet adhesiveness in rabbits and guinea-pigs. Acetylsalicylic acid showed the inhibitory effect in guinea-pigs, but not in rabbits.

INCORPORATION OF IODIDE INTO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN THE GUINEA PIG THYROID

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ekholm ◽  
T. Zelander ◽  
P.-S. Agrell
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Protein Binding ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Microsomal Fraction ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Particulate Fraction ◽  
Supernatant Fraction ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

ABSTRACT Guinea pigs, kept on a iodine-sufficient diet, were injected with Na131I and the thyroids excised from 45 seconds to 5 days later. The thyroid tissue was homogenized and separated into a combined nuclear-mitochondrial-microsomal fraction and a supernatant fraction by centrifugation at 140 000 g for one hour. Protein bound 131iodine (PB131I) and free 131iodide were determined in the fractions and the PB131I was analysed for monoiodotyrosine (MIT), diiodotyrosine (DIT) and thyroxine after hydrolysis of PB131I. As early as only 20 minutes after the Na131I-injection almost 100% of the particulate fraction 131I was protein bound. In the supernatant fraction the protein binding was somewhat less rapid and PB131I values above 90% of total supernatant 131I were not found until 3 hours after the injection. In all experiments the total amount of PB131I was higher in the supernatant than in the corresponding particulate fraction. The ratio between supernatant PB131I and pellet PB131I was lower in experiments up to 3 minutes and from 2 to 5 days than in experiments of 6 minutes to 20 hours. Hydrolysis of PB131I yielded, even in the shortest experiments, both MIT and DIT. The DIT/MIT ratio was lower in the experiments up to 2 hours than in those of 3 hours and over.

ОЦЕНКА ЦИТОКИНОВОГО ПРОФИЛЯ СЫВОРОТКИ КРОВИ И СУБПОПУЛЯЦИЙ Т-ЛИМФОЦИТОВ У ДЕТЕЙ С АЛЛЕРГИЧЕСКИМИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ ОРГАНОВ ДЫХАНИЯ

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
E.V. Prosekova ◽  
A.I. Turyanskaya ◽  
N.G. Plekhova ◽  
M.S. Dolgopolov ◽  
V.A. Sabynych
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serum Cytokine ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Level Of Significance

Расширение спектра изучаемых клонов Тхелперов определило более сложные иммунные механизмы реализации аллергического воспаления. Цель. Характеристика показателей и взаимосвязей цитокинового профиля сыворотки и субпопуляционного состава Тлимфоцитов периферической крови у детей с бронхиальной астмой и аллергическим ринитом. Материалы и методы. Проведено комплексное обследование 150 детей в возрасте 311 лет с верифицированным диагнозом бронхиальной астмы, аллергического ринита и 30 здоровых сверстников. Иммунологические параметры крови оценивали методом проточной цитометрии, концентрации интерлейкинов и IgE в сыворотке крови определяли методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа. При статистической обработке использовали программы Statistica 10 с критическим уровнем значимости р0,05. Результаты. У детей с аллергическими заболеваниями в сыворотке крови определены высокие уровни содержания интерлейкинов4, 8, 13, 17А, сопоставимый с показателями группы контроля уровень IL17F и низкое содержание IFNy. При бронхиальной астме и аллергическом рините у детей выявлено увеличение количества CD3CD8CD45RO, CD3CD8CD45RACD45RO Тлимфоцитов и CD3CD4 Тхелперов и повышение количество Th17 при снижении CD3CD4CD45RO клеток памяти. В группе здоровых детей популяция Th17 составляла 9,491,6, у детей с аллергическими заболеваниями количество данных клеток было значимо выше 14,50,77 (р0,001). Анализ сывороточного содержания цитокинов у детей с изолированным течением БА и в сочетании с аллергическим ринитом выявил разнонаправленные корреляции, отличающиеся по силе и направленности от таковых в группе здоровых детей. Заключение. У детей при изолированном течении бронхиальной астмы и в сочетании с аллергическим ринитом выявлены: сопоставимое с показателями здоровых детей количество CD3CD4 Тклеток, дисбаланс в субпопуляционном составе Тхелперов за счет преобладания Th2 и Th17, активация синтеза IL17A, IL4, IL8, IL13, низкий уровень сывороточного IFNy, изменения силы и направленности взаимосвязей цитокинового профиля и спектра субпопуляций Тлимфоцитов.Expansion of the range of examined Thelper clones has determined more complex immune mechanisms for the implementation of allergic inflammation. Objective. To characterize the parameters and relationships between the serum cytokine profile and Tlymphocyte subpopulation in peripheral blood of children with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Materials and methods. 150 children aged between 311 years old with bronchial asthma, and allergic rhinitis and 30 healthy volunteers were examined. Immunological parameters were assessed by flow cytometry, the concentration of serum interleukins and IgE were determined by means of enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed with Statistica 10 program with a critical level of significance p0.05. Results. High levels of interleukins 4, 8, 13, 17A were determined, IL7F level was not significantly different from that in control group and low level of IFNy was found in the serum of children with allergic diseases. The number of CD3CD8CD45RO, CD3CD8CD45RACD45RO Tlymphocytes, CD3CD4 Thelper cells and Th17 were increased and at the same time CD3CD4CD45RO memory cells were decreased In bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis children. Number of Th17 cells in healthy children was 9.491.6, in allergic children it was significantly higher 14.50.77 (p0.001). Analyses of serum cytokine count in children with isolated BA and in association with allergic rhinitis revealed multidirectional correlations differing in strength and direction from those in the group of healthy children. Conclusion. In children with isolated bronchial asthma and associated with allergic rhinitis the following parameters were found: CD3CD4 Tcells count was comparable to that in healthy children, the imbalance of Thelper subpopulation: prevalence of Th2 and Th17, activation of IL17A, IL4, IL8, IL13 synthesis and low level of serum IFNy.

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