scholarly journals Wybrane narzędzia do pomiaru rezyliencji (resilience) wśród dzieci i młodzieŜy

1970 ◽  
pp. 335-358
Author(s):  
Wioletta Junik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Positive Adaptation ◽  
The World ◽  
Interest In Research ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Selection Of

The interest in research in resilience among children and adolescents from risk groups is rising. Resilience is a multifactorial process of positive adaptation during which risk factors are reduced or compensated by protective factors. The measure of resilience requires research tools which satisfy certain psychometric standards. Many tools which satisfy these requirements already exist in the world; some are already used in many different cultures. There is a deficiency of resilience measuring instruments in our country. No local ones have been created and not many foreign have been adapted in Poland. That is the reason this article presents characteristics and psychometric properties of a few selected scales used to measure resilience and resiliency of children and adolescents. The selection of the tools has been done with use of Google Scholar Database, EBSCO Database and on the grounds of analysis of foreign resilience tool reviews.

Risk Factors for Dystonia after Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy in Nonwalking Children and Adolescents with Bilateral Spasticity

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (01) ◽  
pp. 044-050 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vermeulen ◽  
Charlotte van 't Westende ◽  
Petra van Schie ◽  
Eline Bolster ◽  
Pim van Ouwerkerk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Congenital Disorder ◽  
Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy ◽  
Dorsal Rhizotomy ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Selection Of Patients ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractWe recently showed a beneficial effect of selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) on daily care and comfort in nonwalking children with severe bilateral spasticity. However, despite careful selection, some patients showed dystonia after the intervention, in which cases caregivers tended to be less satisfied with the result.The aim of this study is to identify risk factors for dystonia after SDR in children and adolescents with severe bilateral spasticity (GMFCS levels IV/V).Clinical and MRI risk factors for dystonia after SDR were studied in our cohort of 24 patients. Patients with clinical evidence of dystonia and brain MRI showing basal ganglia abnormalities were excluded for SDR.Nine of 24 patients (38%) showed some degree of dystonia after SDR. There was a significant association between the cause of spasticity and dystonia after SDR; in six (67%) patients with a congenital disorder, dystonia was present versus three (20%) with an acquired disorder (Chi-squared test: C(1) = 5.23, p = 0.02).This study allows more optimal selection of patients that may benefit from SDR. Patients with an acquired cause of spasticity, when selected carefully on clinical examination and MRI, rarely show dystonia after SDR. However, patients with an underlying congenital disorder have a considerable risk of dystonia after SDR.

scholarly journals Nationwide analysis of treatment outcomes in children and adolescents routinely treated for tuberculosis in the Netherlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1901402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fajri Gafar ◽  
Natasha van't Boveneind-Vrubleuskaya ◽  
Onno W. Akkerman ◽  
Bob Wilffert ◽  
Jan-Willem C. Alffenaar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Treatment Interruption ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
History Of

BackgroundAs a vulnerable population, children and adolescents with tuberculosis (TB) are faced with many challenges, even those who live in low TB incidence countries. We aimed to evaluate factors associated with TB treatment outcomes allowing more focused interventions to support this population once diagnosed.MethodsA retrospective cohort study using a nationwide surveillance database was performed in children and adolescents (aged 0–18 years) treated for TB in the Netherlands from 1993 to 2018. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for associated factors of mortality and loss to follow-up (LTFU).ResultsAmong 3253 eligible patients with known outcomes, 94.4% (95.9% children and 92.8% adolescents) were cured or completed treatment, 0.7% died during treatment and 4.9% were LTFU. There were no reported treatment failures. Risk factors of death included children aged 2–4 years (aOR 10.42), central nervous system TB (aOR 5.14), miliary TB (aOR 10.25), HIV co-infection (aOR 8.60), re-treated TB cases (aOR 10.12) and drug-induced liver injury (aOR 6.50). Active case-finding was a protective factor of death (aOR 0.13). Risk factors of LTFU were adolescents aged 15–18 years (aOR 1.91), illegal immigrants (aOR 4.28), urban domicile (aOR 1.59), unknown history of TB contact (aOR 1.99), drug-resistant TB (aOR 2.31), single adverse drug reaction (aOR 2.12), multiple adverse drug reactions (aOR 7.84) and treatment interruption >14 days (aOR 6.93). Treatment in recent years (aOR 0.94) and supervision by public health nurses (aOR 0.14) were protective factors of LTFU.ConclusionHighly successful treatment outcomes were demonstrated in children and adolescents routinely treated for TB. Special attention should be given to specific risk groups to improve treatment outcomes.

Pencegahan dadah golongan berisiko menurut pendekatan psikospiritual al-Ghazālī (W. 505 H.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-403
Author(s):  
Rosni Wazir ◽  
Abur Hamdi Usman ◽  
Norsaleha Mohd Salleh ◽  
Suriani Sudi ◽  
Abdul Hadi Awang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Ultimate Objective ◽  
Prevention Approach

The issue of drug abuse nowadays is very worrying despite various research and approaches taken to address this issue. New and recurring drug addiction numbers every year indicate a crucial need for improvements in existing prevention efforts. Prevention is the best approach in combating drug abuse because of the effectiveness and cost-friendly. In addition, risk groups should be a priority in prevention approach so that drug addiction can be avoided before it occurs. Islamic psychospiritual therapy is a spiritual treatment method based on Islamic practices and divine reference. This treatment focuses on the purification of the soul, the formation of self-actualization, and spiritual enhancement which ultimate objective is seeking the pleasure of Allah Almighty. Spiritual therapy implemented in Islamic psychospiritual can form a stronghold to prevent drug use and addiction among risk groups. Al-Ghazālī was one of the most prominent and influential Islamic scholars and has produced numerous works that have been made references in the world of Islamic studies throughout the world. Thus, using qualitative methods, this article outlines Al-Ghazālī's Islamic psychospiritual module. Risk group prevention is managing the risk factors by equipping the group with protective factors. The findings of this article indicate that Islamic psychospiritual approaches discussed by al-Ghazālī contain protective factors of religious belief, endurance, self-esteem, appreciation, hope, gratitude, self-reliance, the purpose of life, and love. Therefore, addressing the issue of drug addiction based on the Islamic psychospiritual approach is a viable alternative.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS FOR THE PREVALENCE OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN THE MOUNTAINOUS ZONE OF DAGESTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 334-339
Author(s):  
Magomed I. Izrailov ◽  
A. M. Aliskandiyev ◽  
Ya. M. Yakhiaev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Mountain Climate ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Asthma In Children

The prevalence of bronchial asthma (BA) in recent years has been steadily increasing in many countries of the world. Among allergic diseases and respiratory diseases, asthma occupies a leading position. In order to study the prevalence of asthma, we performed questionnaire survey of 6326 schoolchildren, including 3125 cases aged of 7-8 years and children of 13-14 years according to the «ISAAC» program. The prevalence of bronchial asthma in children in the mountain climate is about 8.43 per 1,000 children, which is almost two times lower than in the low-lying zone, in urban children the prevalence of bronchial asthma is 25 per 1000 children. Among the risk factors for the formation of bronchial asthma in children the leading place is occupied by hereditary, occupy antenatal and social sanitary risk factors.

scholarly journals Contemporary principles of suicide prevention

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 367-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Ljusic ◽  
Dragan Ravanic ◽  
Snezana Filipovic-Danic ◽  
Ivan Soldatovic ◽  
Jovana Cvetkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Different Characteristics

Introduction. Suicide remains a significant public health problem worldwide. This study is aimed at analyzing and presenting contemporary methods in suicide prevention in the world as well as at identifying specific risk groups and risk factors in order to explain their importance in suicide prevention. Material and Methods. The literature search covered electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. In order to select the relevant articles, the authors searched for the combination of key-words which included the following medical subject heading terms (suicide or suicide ideation or attempted) and (prevention or risk factors) and (man or elders or mental disorders). Data analysis covered meta-analyses, systematic reviews and original scientific papers with different characteristics of suicide preventions, risk factors and risk groups. Results. Worldwide evidence-based interventions for suicide prevention are divided in universal, selective and indicated interventions. Restricted approach to various methods of committing suicide as well as pharmacotherapy contributes to a lower suicide rate. Suicide risk factors can be categorized as proximal and distal. The following groups are at highest risk of committing suicide: males, older persons and persons with registered psychiatric disorders. Conclusion. There is a lot of evidence that suicide is preventable. It is known that only 28 countries in the world have national suicide prevention strategies and Serbia is not one of them.

Epidemiology and Etiology of Kidney Disease

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Cécile Couchoud ◽  
Sahar Bayat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
World Population ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
Stage Renal Disease

More than 30% of the world population will develop chronic kidney disease (CKD) during their life. More than 10% of the world population live with CKD and, therefore, are at higher risk of cardiovascular events, acute kidney injury episodes, progression to end-stage renal disease, and death. Risk factors of kidney disease occurrence may be intrinsic in a “patient at risk” or be related to a “situation at risk.” Primary prevention among the identified risk groups must be organized to decrease the risk of kidney disease appearance. Moreover, many risk factors also contribute to kidney damage progression in patients with CKD, and, therefore, they also are the target of secondary prevention. Because of restricted funding, the issue of unequal access to treatment, in particular to renal replacement therapy, explain most of the geographical differences observed.

Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
pp. 391-410
Author(s):  
George Kunnackal John ◽  
Mohammed Razvi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
The World ◽  
Red Meat Intake ◽  
Related Mortality

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. However, the adoption of a healthier lifestyle, including modifications in diet, physical activity, and regular screening can drastically reduce the risk for CRC. Major risk factors for CRC include lack of a balanced diet, high red meat intake, physical inactivity, alcohol, and smoking. There is widespread geographic variation in the rates of CRC across the world, reflecting differences in exposure to these risk factors and the influence of protective factors in these regions. In this chapter, we summarize the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and risk factors, and focus on the prevention of CRC through an integrative approach.

scholarly journals Endometrial cancer epidemiology and prevention in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, B&H

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-65
Author(s):  
Ivan Vasilj ◽  
Semra Cavaljuga ◽  
Marija Strnad ◽  
Ariana Znaor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Cancer Epidemiology ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Corpus Uteri ◽  
The World

In Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina during 2002 a total of 67 cases of endometrial cancer (ICD 10th Revision Code C54) were registered among female population older then 15 years (1 per 10,000 population). Nine women were diagnosed with non specific malignant uteri neoplasia (C55)--without clarifying if that was cervix or corpus uteri located cancer, but assumption is that these cancers are actually endometrial cancer. Majority of cases are older then 50 years, 48 of them (71.6%), while 29 (28.4%) are from 15 to 49 years old. During 2000 about 189,000 new endometrial cancer cases were reported with 44,700 endometrial cancer deaths in the World. In this paper we presented geographical distribution of cases registered in FB&H, as well as leading risk factors, protective factors and prevention and possibilities for screening methods.

scholarly journals Homo Virtualis: existence in Internet space

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Bylieva ◽  
Victoria Lobatyuk ◽  
Anna Rubtsova
Keyword(s):  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
The Internet ◽  
It Professionals ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Physical Laws ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. The study of a person existence in Internet space is certainly an actual task, since the Internet is not only a source of innovation, but also the cause of society’s transformations and the social and cultural problems that arise in connection with this. Computer network is global. It is used by people of different professions, age, level and nature of education, living around the world and belonging to different cultures. It complicates the problem of developing common standards of behavior, a system of norms and rules that could be widely accepted by all users. On the other hand, the Internet space can be viewed as a new form of existence where physical laws do not work, and in connection with this, social ones are often questioned. This paper focuses on how social norms regulate relations in Internet space. The authors represents the typology of deviant behavior in the network. The empirical basis of the research includes the sociological survey of students of the senior courses in the Institute of Computer Science and Technology of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. Sociological survey allows to identify students’ understanding of Internet space. The selection of students is conditioned by the fact that IT professionals are considered simultaneously as ordinary users of the network and as future professionals in this field.

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