scholarly journals Формальные и семантические сближения в сфере русско-польской межъязыковой омонимии

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kusal
Keyword(s):  
Independent Study ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Theoretical Problem ◽  
Semantic Relationships ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Phonetic Convergence ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Complex Relationships

This article deals with the issue of structural and semantic relationships in the area of Russian-Polish interlingual homonymy, such as exclusion, inclusion, and hybridization. The analysis of Russian-Polish homonymous doublets made it possible to specify two basic reasons for the differences in meaning of the lexemes in both languages: semantic divergence of the words with a common etymon (disintegration of polysemy) and phonetic convergence. The study revealed that interlanguage Russian-Polish correspondences with a partial coincidence of lexical meanings make up the largest group of interlanguage homo-pairs. The types of semantic relations described at the word level do not exhaust the variety of semantic relations between Russian-Polish interlanguage homonyms. The depth of meaning development is another theoretical problem of modern lexicology and lexicography. In addition to the semantic differences between Russian-Polish homo-pairs, there may be more complex relationships. They are observed in cases where stylistic and functional discrepancies are layered on semantic inconsistencies. The differences in pragmatic significance are the most significant and can form the subject of independent study.

Predicting the citation and impact factor of terms for scientific publications using machine learning algorithms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Klokov ◽  
Evgenii Slobodyuk ◽  
Michael Charnine
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Text Data ◽  
Semantic Relationships ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Environment

The object of the research when writing the work was the body of text data collected together with the scientific advisor and the algorithms for processing the natural language of analysis. The stream of hypotheses has been tested against computer science scientific publications through a series of simulation experiments described in this dissertation. The subject of the research is algorithms and the results of the algorithms, aimed at predicting promising topics and terms that appear in the course of time in the scientific environment. The result of this work is a set of machine learning models, with the help of which experiments were carried out to identify promising terms and semantic relationships in the text corpus. The resulting models can be used for semantic processing and analysis of other subject areas.

THE METADIALOGUE CONCEPT IN ITS LINGUISTIC ASPECT

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-726
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Kupriyanova ◽  
I.M. Vasilyanova
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Aspect

The article summarizes the key points in the development of the metadialogue phenomenon from a linguistic point of view. Some stages of the development of this concept and the difficulties associated with its structuring are covered. The main research findings of modern foreign and domestic experts on its study are considered. Some characteristics of the subject of the research from the standpoint of various pragmatic installations are given. On the basis of the dynamic structure of the metadialogue development, certain principles of semantic relations connected with the dialectical nature of human cognition are presented. Excursion into the history and evolution of the concept is presented. Several types of formulation of the subject matter are given. In accordance with the goal of speech exposure, internal problems of the development of metadialogue are highlighted and the critical points related to solving these problems are described. The rules of metadialogue flow are explained at the level of steps, the success/failure of which directly affects the final result of communication. The prospects of development of the concept research in accordance with various types of discourse are indicated.

scholarly journals Word Embedding for Semantically Relative Words: an Experimental Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 726-733
Author(s):  
Maria S. Karyaeva ◽  
Pavel I. Braslavski ◽  
Valery A. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Word Embedding ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Automatic Extraction ◽  
Semantic Relationships ◽  
The Russian Language

The ability to identify semantic relations between words has made a word2vec model widely used in NLP tasks. The idea of word2vec is based on a simple rule that a higher similarity can be reached if two words have a similar context. Each word can be represented as a vector, so the closest coordinates of vectors can be interpreted as similar words. It allows to establish semantic relations (synonymy, relations of hypernymy and hyponymy and other semantic relations) by applying an automatic extraction. The extraction of semantic relations by hand is considered as a time-consuming and biased task, requiring a large amount of time and some help of experts. Unfortunately, the word2vec model provides an associative list of words which does not consist of relative words only. In this paper, we show some additional criteria that may be applicable to solve this problem. Observations and experiments with well-known characteristics, such as word frequency, a position in an associative list, might be useful for improving results for the task of extraction of semantic relations for the Russian language by using word embedding. In the experiments, the word2vec model trained on the Flibusta and pairs from Wiktionary are used as examples with semantic relationships. Semantically related words are applicable to thesauri, ontologies and intelligent systems for natural language processing.

scholarly journals Comparison of Templates with Word2vec in Finding Semantic Relations Between Words

2018 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Kaan Ant ◽  
Ugur Sogukpinar ◽  
Mehmet Fatif Amasyali
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Template Method ◽  
Semantic Relationships ◽  
Semantic Spaces

The use of databases those containing semantic relationships between words is becoming increasingly widespread in order to make natural language processing work more effective. Instead of the word-bag approach, the suggested semantic spaces give the distances between words, but they do not express the relation types. In this study, it is shown how semantic spaces can be used to find the type of relationship and it is compared with the template method. According to the results obtained on a very large scale, while is_a and opposite are more successful for semantic spaces for relations, the approach of templates is more successful in the relation types at_location, made_of and non relational.

scholarly journals ماهية الدلالة المعجمية ومراحلها

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Falahun Ni'am
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Relationships ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Special Arrangement

                                                  AbstractDictionaries, a book that includes the largest number of vocabulary combined with explaining and interpreting their meaning, to be material arranged a special arrangement: either the letters of the alphabet, or on the subject. It is called a dictionary because the nouns remove the confusion and clarify the vagueness. The complete of dictionary, which includes every word in accompanied by explaining its mean and its derivation and the method of its pronunciation and evidence showing its language positions used.Lexicology is the part of linguistics that interest with the study of words, its nature and its mean, the elements of words, the relations between words (semantic relationships), the sets of words and the study of each lexicon of a language. The linguists divided the stages of language collection into several stages, each stage different from one another, everything will be discussed in this article.Keyword: Significance, Lexicon, Stages

Discovering Complex Relationships of Drugs over Distributed Knowledgebases

2016 ◽  
pp. 1572-1591
Author(s):  
Juan Li ◽  
Ranjana Sharma ◽  
Yan Bai
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Distributed System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Web Data ◽  
Semantic Relationships ◽  
Complex Relationships

Drug discovery is a lengthy, expensive and difficult process. Indentifying and understanding the hidden relationships among drugs, genes, proteins, and diseases will expedite the process of drug discovery. In this paper, we propose an effective methodology to discover drug-related semantic relationships over large-scale distributed web data in medicine, pharmacology and biotechnology. By utilizing semantic web and distributed system technologies, we developed a novel hierarchical knowledge abstraction and an efficient relation discovery protocol. Our approach effectively facilitates the realization of the full potential of harnessing the collective power and utilization of the drug-related knowledge scattered over the Internet.

scholarly journals The metaphor of light embedded in the Johannine prologue, Part 2: The Light at and after the incarnation

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk G. Van der Merwe ◽  
Pierre Y. Albalaa
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Fourth Gospel ◽  
The Subject

This is the second of two articles on how the fourth evangelist has embedded the light metaphor in the prologue of the Fourth Gospel. The prologue is replete with this metaphor. A thorough discourse analysis explores the text’s inner texture to determine the rhetoric and network of semantic relations – regarding light as the subject. From here the text’s sacred texture is investigated. Various theological themes are interwoven into the text, with light being a consistent, embedded metaphor, embracing a wealth of facets and interpretations. This research focuses on the embedded light metaphor in the Johannine prologue as it relates to the Word’s performance during and after the incarnation.Hierdie is die tweede van twee artikels om aan te toon hoe die vierde evangelis die lig-metafoor in die proloog van die Vierde Evangelie ingebed het. Die proloog is deurdrenk met hierdie metafoor. Deur middel van ’n behoorlike diskoersanalise is die diepte-struktuur van die teks ondersoek om die retoriek en netwerk van semantiese verhoudings vanaf die perspektief van lig as onderwerp te bepaal. Hierna is die teologiese struktuur van die teks ondersoek. Verskeie teologiese temas is in die teks verweef, met ‘lig’ as ’n konstante verankerde metafoor wat ’n rykdom van fasette en interpretasie insluit. Hierdie navorsing fokus op die ingebedheid van die lig-metafoor in die Johannese proloog soos wat dit verband hou met die funksionering van die Woord tydens en na die inkarnasie.

A metaphor-based account of semantic relations among proverbs

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-184
Author(s):  
El Mustapha Lemghari
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Main Claim ◽  
Conceptual Base ◽  
Semantic Relationships ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Contextual Meaning

Abstract The paper deals with semantic relations in the field of proverbs from the standpoint of Conceptual Metaphor Theory. Our main claim is that proverb understanding is conceptually complex, involving many construal operations, namely metaphor. Metaphor is assumed to play a crucial role in framing and relating proverbs to one another via various semantic relationships. Three semantic relations will be highlighted: synonymy, antonymy and polysemy. Synonymous proverbs will be shown to be structured by similar metaphors, whereas antonymous proverbs by contradictory metaphors. As regards polysemous proverbs, our focus will be on a specific polysemy, consisting of contradictory meanings. Overall, we will attempt to build a cognitive model for proverbs semantic relationships, based on three main assumptions: first, proverbs have relatively stable meaning. Second, rather than sharply distinct, conventionalized meaning and contextual meaning of proverbs form a continuum, residing in their common conceptual base. Third, such a common conceptual base is metaphor-dependent.

On twittizens and city residents

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-41
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Tarasova ◽  
Natalia Beliaeva
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
Semantic Relationships ◽  
Experimental Findings

Abstract The present study analyses native speaker perceptions of the differences in the semantic structure of compounds and blends to specify whether the formal differences between compounds and blends are reflected on the semantic level. Viewpoints on blending vary, with some researchers considering it to be an instance of compounding (Kubozono, 1990), while others identify blending as an interim word formation mechanism between compounding and shortening (López Rúa, 2004). The semantic characteristics of English determinative blends and N+N subordinative compounds are compared by evaluating the differences in native speakers’ perceptions of the semantic relationships between constituents of the analysed structures. The results of two web-based experiments demonstrate that readers’ interpretations of both compounds and blends differ in terms of lexical indicators of semantic relations between the elements of these units. The experimental findings indicate that language users’ interpretation of both compounds and blends includes information on semantic relationships. The differences in the effect of the semantic relations on interpretations is likely to be connected to the degree of formal transparency of these units.

scholarly journals Zionism, Colonialism, and Post-colonial Migrations: Moroccan Jews’ Memories of Displacement

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 338-351
Author(s):  
Yolande Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Religious Communities ◽  
Cultural Education ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
Intense Debate

The emigration of Jews from Morocco to Israel, in particular, is the subject of intense debate among historians, signaling the difficulty of telling a unified story of this moment. I want to contribute to this debate by showing that the combining and often opposing forces of Colonialism and Zionism were the main factors that triggered these migrations, in a period of rising Moroccan nationalism. But those forces were also seen as opportunities by some migrants to seize the moment to better their fate and realize their dreams. If we cannot assess every migrant story, I want here to suggest through my family’s experience and memory and other collected oral histories, how we could intertwine those memories to a larger narrative to shed more light on this history. The push and pull forces that led to Moroccan Jewry’s migrations and post-colonial circulations between the 1940s and 1960s were the result of a reordering of the complex relationships between the different ethnic and religious communities well before the migration took place. The departures of the people interviewed for this study are inscribed in both the collective and family dynamics, but were organized in secret, away from the gaze of the others, particularly that of non-Jewish neighbors. Their belonging to a sector of the colonial world, while still prevalent in their narratives, is blurred by another aspect of post-colonial life in Morocco, that is the cultural/education nexus. Depending on where one has been educated and socialized, the combined effects of Colonialism and Zionism strongly impacted the time of their departures and the places they went to.

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