scholarly journals Stable Capsaicinoid Biosynthesis during the Fruit Development Stage of Capsicum baccatum

CYTOLOGIA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuji Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Capsicum Baccatum ◽  
Capsaicinoid Biosynthesis

scholarly journals Reduction of Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) Natural Re-Sowing with Herbicides and Plant Growth Regulators

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1960
Author(s):  
Afonso Henrique Schaeffer ◽  
Otávio Augusto Schaeffer ◽  
Diógenes Cecchin Silveira ◽  
João Arthur Guareschi Bertol ◽  
Debora Kelli Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Ammonium Glufosinate ◽  
Physiological Quality

Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) is the main winter weed of crops in Southern Brazil. High competitiveness, adaptability, widespread resistance to herbicides and seed dormancy make the plant a permanent problem. Herbicides, as well as plant growth regulators, can be used as a management option for ryegrass seed production, however there is no consensus among authors at which stage of the plant the application is most effective. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the production and physiological quality of ryegrass seeds in response to the application of herbicides and plant growth regulators in three stages of plant development (inflorescence emergence, flowering and fruit development). Each treatment consisted of applying two different doses of each of the active ingredients: ammonium glufosinate, clethodim, glyphosate, iodosulfuron-methyl, paraquat and 2,4-D (herbicides); ethephon and trinexapac-ethyl (plant growth regulators), still an untreated control, totaling 17 treatments for each stage of development. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with three replications. The variables evaluated were: seed production (kg ha−1), thousand seed weight (g), viability (%), germination (%), first germination count (%), dormant seeds (%) and dead seeds (%). The ryegrass seed production reduced 100% with clethodim, glyphosate, ammonium glufosinate or paraquat applied in the inflorescence emergence or flowering stages. In the fruit development stage, all treatments (herbicides and plant growth regulators) caused deleterious effects on seed production, the greatest effect occurred with paraquat (95%). Paraquat, ammonium glufosinate and clethodim affected the physiological quality of the seeds when applied in fruit development stage. This research demonstrated that the application of herbicides in the ryegrass reproductive stage decreases its seedbank replenishment (natural re-sowing), with the potential to harm its progeny.

scholarly journals Multistate Comparison of Attractants and the Impact of Fruit Development Stage on Trapping Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Raspberry and Blueberry

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 935-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin D Jaffe ◽  
Alina Avanesyan ◽  
Harit K Bal ◽  
Yan Feng ◽  
Joshua Grant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Mango Endophyte and Epiphyte Microbiome Composition during Fruit Development and Post-Harvest Stages

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Malick Bill ◽  
Lizyben Chidamba ◽  
Jarishma Keriuscia Gokul ◽  
Lise Korsten
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Bacterial Microbiota ◽  
Target Effect ◽  
Generation Sequencing

The influence of the development stage and post-harvest handling on the microbial composition of mango fruit plays a central role in fruit health. Hence, the composition of fungal and bacterial microbiota on the anthoplane, fructoplane, stems and stem-end pulp of mango during fruit development and post-harvest handling were determined using next-generation sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer and 16S rRNA regions. At full bloom, the inflorescence had the richest fungal and bacterial communities. The young developing fruit exhibited lower fungal richness and diversities in comparison to the intermediate and fully developed fruit stages on the fructoplane. At the post-harvest stage, lower fungal and bacterial diversities were observed following prochloraz treatment both on the fructoplane and stem-end pulp. Ascomycota (52.8%) and Basidiomycota (43.2%) were the most dominant fungal phyla, while Penicillium, Botryosphaeria, Alternaria and Mucor were detected as the known post-harvest decay-causing fungal genera. The Cyanobacteria (35.6%), Firmicutes (26.1%) and Proteobacteria (23.1%) were the most dominant bacterial phyla. Changes in the presence of Bacillus subtilis following post-harvest interventions such as prochloraz suggested a non-target effect of the fungicide. The present study, therefore, provides the primary baseline data on mango fungal and bacterial diversity and composition, which can be foundational in the development of effective disease (stem-end rot) management strategies.

scholarly journals P and K Accumulation by Rapeseed as Affected by Biostimulant under Different NPK and S Fertilization Doses

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Szczepanek ◽  
Anetta Siwik-Ziomek
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Ripening Stages ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
Development Application ◽  
Npk Fertilization

Biostimulants are gaining growing importance among preparations used for plant production. They may cause increasing the effectiveness of nutrient uptake. The aim of the study was to assess P and K accumulation by winter rapeseed after the application of a biostimulant under conditions of varied NPK and S fertilization levels. The field experiment was established on Alfisol, and the factors were: Two levels of NPK fertilization (high 180 N, 70 P, 132 K (kg ha−1) or low 144 N, 35 P, 66 K (kg ha−1)); elementary S fertilization (36 or 0 kg ha−1) and application of seaweed biostimulant or without that treatment. Biostimulant caused an increase in P and K accumulation in the shoots of rapeseed during generative development. Application of biostimulant in rapeseed fertilized with lower NPK rates or not fertilized with S increased P and K accumulation in shoots to the level obtained at higher NPK and S rates without that treatment. Increased level of NPK fertilization caused an increase in P and K accumulation in both shoots and roots at flowering and ripening stages. At the fruit development stage, under higher NPK fertilization there was higher uptake of P and K in rapeseed shoots after presowing fertilization with S.

Temporal changes of disodium fluorescein transport in hazelnut during fruit development stage

2013 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Liu ◽  
Yunqing Cheng ◽  
Chunming Liu ◽  
Chunji Zhang ◽  
Zhanwu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Disodium Fluorescein

scholarly journals Changes of bioactive components and antioxidant potential during fruit development of Prunus humilis Bunge

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251300
Author(s):  
Hongbo Fu ◽  
Yujia Qiao ◽  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
Xiaopeng Mu ◽  
Jiancheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Ripening Stage ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Development Stages

Dynamic changes in flavonoid, total phenol, and antioxidant potential in different Prunus humilis accessions during fruit development stages were studied in order to provide a reference for the optimum harvest time for flavonoid extraction. ‘Nongda 4’, ‘Nongda 5’, ‘DS-1’ and ‘02–16’ were selected as plant materials to determine the content of flavonoid, total phenol and antioxidant indices during six fruit development stages. Changes in total flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenol content (TPC) in different accessions of P. humilis were slightly different depending on the development stage of P. humilis fruit. TFC and TPC in ‘Nongda 5’ fruit showed a trend of continuous decline. There was a small increase in TFC and TPC from the young fruit stage to the stone hardening stage, followed by a decreasing trend, and then to the lowest level at the ripening stage of ‘Nongda 4’, ‘DS-1’, and ‘02–16’ fruits. The trend of antioxidant capacity (ABTS, FRAP, DPPH) with the TFC and TPC of P. humilis fruit was basically the same, and the correlation analysis results showed that the TFC of P. humilis fruit was positively correlated with the antioxidant indices (P<0.01). Catechin (CC), rutin (RT), and quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Q7G) were detected in all the fruit development stages of the four P. humilis fruits. Among them, catechin was the most abundant component, accounting for approximately 10%. Myricetin (MC) and quercetin (QC) were generally detected only in the early fruit development stage, but not in the later fruit development stage. Correlation analysis showed that the flavonoid components with TFC, TPC, and antioxidant indices differed between the different accessions. RT, CC, and liquiritigenin (LR) had a stronger correlation with TFC and antioxidant indices. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) was not detected until the coloring stage in two red P. humilis accessions (‘Nongda 4’ and ‘DS-1’), and so it is better to choose a red P. humilis fruit to extract C3G at the ripening stage. Selecting an early stage of fruit development, especially the stone hardening stage, was important for extracting flavonoids, total phenols and other components. We believe that our results will provide basic information and reference for evaluation of fruit nutrition and health benefits, breeding of functional new varieties, and efficient utilization of P. humilis fruit.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Pepper Fruit Development Provides Insight into Plant Signaling Transduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhoubin Liu ◽  
Junheng Lv ◽  
Yuhua Liu ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Zhuqing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Plant Signaling ◽  
Signaling Transduction ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Pepper Fruit ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Dependent Protein

Limited knowledge is available for phosphorylation modifications in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), especially in pepper fruit development. In this study, we conducted the first comprehensive phosphoproteomic analysis of pepper fruit at four development stage by Tandem Mass Tag proteomic approaches. A total of 2639 unique phosphopeptides spanning 1566 proteins with 4150 nonredundant sites of phosphorylation were identified, among which 2327 peptides in 1413 proteins were accurately quantified at four different stages. Mature Green (MG) to breaker stage showed the largest number of differentially expressed phosphoproteins and the number of downregulated phosphoproteins was significantly higher than that of upregulated after MG stage. Twenty seven phosphorylation motifs, including 22 pSer motifs and five pThr motifs and 85 kinase including 28 serine/threonine kinases, 14 receptor protein kinases, six mitogen-activated protein kinases, seven calcium-dependent protein kinases, two casein kinases, and some other kinases were quantified. Then the dynamic changes of phosphorylated proteins in ethylene and abscisic acid signaling transduction pathways during fruit development were analyzed. Our results provide a cascade of phosphoproteins and a regulatory network of phosphorylation signals, which help to further understand the mechanism of phosphorylation in pepper fruit development.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals and Nutritional Constituent Evaluation of Bael (Aegle marmelos) Fruit Pulp at Different Development Stage

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
A. Sarkar ◽  
M. Rashid ◽  
M. Musarrat ◽  
M. Billah
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Nutritional Constituents

Aegle marmelos Correa commonly known as “Bael,” has been recognized as a component of traditional medication for the treatment of various human ailments. The present study was focused on phytochemical screening, nutritional constituent of A. marmelos at different development stages. Highest amount of alkaloid was in premature bael (8.09±0.09 mg/g), phenols in premature bael (9.65±0.06 mg/g) pulp and saponins in mature bael(5.57±0.08) pulp. Highest amount of thiamin (B1) (1.83±0.03 mg/100 g) and ascorbic acid (48.62±0.04 mg/100 g) in premature bael pulp. Sugar content significantly highest in matured bael(6.94±0.04 mg/100 g) pulp. Most abundant mineral potassium content was maximum in (139.61±0.04 mg/100 g) premature bael fruit pulp. The nutritional constituents and phytochemicals change depending on maturation stage. Nutritional constituent changes on the effects of development of bael (Aegle marmelos) fruit. It has been found in the present study that there were a numbers of phytochemical changes occurred during different fruit development stages.

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