Possibilities of Increasing the Antioxidant Properties of Garlic Plants (Allium sativum, L.)

Abstract The effect of some selenium-containing compounds on the antioxidant properties of Allium sativum L. plants is shown in the present work. Pre-treatment of bulbs before planting and foliar treatment during plant growth with gibberellin solution (125 mg · L−1); potassium selenate (36 μg Se·L−1) and a new cobalt(III) coordinative compound (33 μg Se·L−1) resulted in the increase of the concentration of proline and assimilating pigments, reduced peroxide oxidation of lipids, enhanced antioxidant cell protection. The greatest effect was observed in plants pre-treated with the new coordinative compound, “Fludisec”, manifested by an increase of antioxidant properties of leaves and bulbs, optimization of growth process and productivity. X-ray analysis of monocrystal demonstrated that Fludisec is a coordination compound of ionic type tetrafluoroborate-[bis(dimethylglyoximato)-(selenocarbamide)1.4-(selenium-seleno-carbamide)0.5-(selenium-selenium)0.1cobalt(III)] with chemical formula [Co(DmgH)2(Seu)1,4(Se-Seu)0.5(Se-Se)0.1][BF4].

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Oxidal® Ameliorates the Ty1 Retrotransposition Induced by Methyl Methanesulfonate in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Microbiology Research Journal International ◽

10.9734/mrji/2020/v30i430211 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 34-42

Author(s):

Teodora Todorova ◽

Martin Dimitrov ◽

Ignat Ignatov ◽

Georgi Gluhchev ◽

Georgi Dinkov

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Methyl Methanesulfonate ◽

Methyl Methane Sulfonate ◽

Cell Protection ◽

Methane Sulfonate ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Ty1 Retrotransposition ◽

Pre Treatment

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of Oxidal® to decrease the Ty1 retrotransposition rate in a model system Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Study Design: Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell suspensions were pre-treated with different concentrations Oxidal® and subsequently treated with 16mM methyl methanesulfonate. (MMS) Methodology: The potential of various concentrations Oxidal® was evaluated based on “spot” test and Ty1 retro-transposition test. Results: Data revealed that only 5% Oxidal® possesses some cytotoxic properties. Lack of Ty1 retro-transposition was observed after single treatment with 1, 2.5 and 5% Oxidal® concentrations. On the other hand, all the tested concentrations showed promising results against the standard carcinogen methyl methane sulfonate. The most pronounced anti-carcinogenic and cytoprotective effects were observed after pre-treatment with 2.5% Oxidal®, which could be attributed to the antioxidant properties of the combination of ingredients; methylene blue, salicylic acid and caffeine. Further studies could reveal the exact mechanism of action of the supplement and the role of the antioxidant potential. Conclusion: New data is provided concerning the potential of Oxidal® at low concentrations to protect Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells from MMS-induced Ty1 retro-transposition. The cytoprotective properties of the supplement were also obtained. These results could be considered as a basis for further studies revealing the exact mechanisms of cell protection of the Oxidal®. Additionally, our data could also serve as an important step of the in-depth research of a potential antiviral activity.

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Crystal and solution structure of (E)-1,2-bis(ethylsulphonyl)cyclobutane-1,2-dicarbonitrile

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19893253 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 54 (12) ◽

pp. 3253-3259

Author(s):

Jaroslav Podlaha ◽

Miloš Buděšínský ◽

Jana Podlahová ◽

Jindřich Hašek

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Solution Structure ◽

Peroxide Oxidation ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Crystallography ◽

Nmr Study ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation ◽

Unusual Product ◽

C Nmr

The unusual product of the reaction of 2-chloroacrylonitrile with ethane thiol and following hydrogen peroxide oxidation was found to be (E)-1,2-bis(ethylsulphonyl)cyclobutane-1,2-dicarbonitrile by means of X-ray crystallography. 1H and 13C NMR study of this compound has proven the same conformation of the molecule in solution.

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Cosmetic and Dermatological Properties of Selected Ayurvedic Plant Extracts

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26030614 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 614

Author(s):

Martyna Zagórska-Dziok ◽

Aleksandra Ziemlewska ◽

Tomasz Bujak ◽

Zofia Nizioł-Łukaszewska ◽

Zofia Hordyjewicz-Baran

Keyword(s):

Skin Diseases ◽

Multiple Reaction Monitoring ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Cell Protection ◽

Skin Cells ◽

Skin Cell ◽

Aging Properties ◽

Enzyme Superoxide Dismutase

Due to the constantly growing interest in ingredients of natural origin, this study attempts to evaluate the possibility of using extracts from three Ayurvedic plants in preparations for the care and treatment of skin diseases. Therefore, studies of antioxidant properties were carried out using DPPH and ABTS radicals, obtaining 76% and 88% of these radical scavenging, respectively. A significant decrease in the intracellular level of free radicals and an increase in the activity of the antioxidant enzyme-superoxide dismutase by almost 60% were also observed. In addition, the extracts were assessed for anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties, obtaining over 70% inhibition of lipoxygenase activity and almost 40% of collagenase. Additionally, the cytoprotective properties of the obtained extracts on skin cells, keratinocytes and fibroblasts, were demonstrated. To assess the content of biologically active compounds, HPLC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) analyses were performed. The obtained results show that all three analyzed plants are a valuable source of biologically active substances with desired properties in the context of skin cell protection. Particularly noteworthy is the extract of Epilobium angustifolium L., for which the most promising results were obtained.

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Application of Light-Emitting Diodes for Improving the Nutritional Quality and Bioactive Compound Levels of Some Crops and Medicinal Plants

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26051477 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 1477

Author(s):

Woo-Suk Jung ◽

Ill-Min Chung ◽

Myeong Ha Hwang ◽

Seung-Hyun Kim ◽

Chang Yeon Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

In Vitro Culture ◽

Light Emitting Diodes ◽

Photosynthetic Pigment ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Light Sources ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Cell Defense ◽

Led Irradiation

Light is a key factor that affects phytochemical synthesis and accumulation in plants. Due to limitations of the environment or cultivated land, there is an urgent need to develop indoor cultivation systems to obtain higher yields with increased phytochemical concentrations using convenient light sources. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have several advantages, including consumption of lesser power, longer half-life, higher efficacy, and wider variation in the spectral wavelength than traditional light sources; therefore, these devices are preferred for in vitro culture and indoor plant growth. Moreover, LED irradiation of seedlings enhances plant biomass, nutrient and secondary metabolite levels, and antioxidant properties. Specifically, red and blue LED irradiation exerts strong effects on photosynthesis, stomatal functioning, phototropism, photomorphogenesis, and photosynthetic pigment levels. Additionally, ex vitro plantlet development and acclimatization can be enhanced by regulating the spectral properties of LEDs. Applying an appropriate LED spectral wavelength significantly increases antioxidant enzyme activity in plants, thereby enhancing the cell defense system and providing protection from oxidative damage. Since different plant species respond differently to lighting in the cultivation environment, it is necessary to evaluate specific wavebands before large-scale LED application for controlled in vitro plant growth. This review focuses on the most recent advances and applications of LEDs for in vitro culture organogenesis. The mechanisms underlying the production of different phytochemicals, including phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, and antioxidant enzymes, have also been discussed.

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Polyhedral characteristics of the cosalite-type crystal structures

The Canadian Mineralogist ◽

10.3749/canmin.1900017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (5) ◽

pp. 647-662

Author(s):

Sabina Kovač ◽

Predrag Dabić ◽

Aleksandar Kremenović ◽

Aleksandar Pačevski ◽

Ljiiljana Karanović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crystal Data ◽

Chemical Formula ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Orthorhombic Space Group ◽

X Ray ◽

Area Detector ◽

Octahedral Sites ◽

Distorted Octahedral ◽

Cation Substitutions ◽

Type Crystal

Abstract The crystal structure of cosalite from the Trepča orefield was refined in the orthorhombic space group Pnma [a = 23.7878 (9), b = 4.0566 (3), c = 19.1026 (8) Å, V = 1843.35 (17) Å3, Z = 2] from single-crystal data (MoKα X-ray diffraction, CCD area detector) to the conventional R1 factor 0.031 for 1516 unique reflections with I > 2σ(I). The chemical formula (Cu0.15Ag0.24)+(Fe0.19Pb7.20)2+(Bi7.06Sb1.06)3+S20, calculated on the basis of 20 S atoms per formula unit, was determined by WDX. The unit cell contains 18 + 2 symmetrically nonequivalent atomic sites: 10 occupied by S; two by pure Pb (Pb3 and Pb4); one by pure Bi (Bi1); two by a combination of Bi and small amounts of Sb (Bi2/Sb2, Bi4/Sb3); two by Pb and Bi, and in one of these also by a small amount of Ag [Me1 = Pb2 >> Bi5 > Ag1, Me3 = Pb1 >> Bi3]; and finally one site, Me2 (Bi6 >> □), is partly occupied by Bi and partly split into an additional two adjacent trigonal planar “interstitial positions”, Cu1 and Cu2, where small amounts of Cu, Ag, and Fe can be situated. All atoms are at 4c special positions at y = 0.25 or 0.75. The structure consists of slightly to moderately distorted MeS6 octahedra sharing edges, bicapped trigonal PbS8 coordination prisms, and fairly distorted Cu1S6 and Cu2S4 polyhedra. The effects of the cation substitutions, bond valence sums, and the polyhedral characteristics are compared with other published cosalite-type structures. Among known cosalite-type structures, the largest volume contraction is shown by sample 4 (Altenberg) and involves the replacement of large cations (Bi3+ and Pb2+) by the smaller Sb3+, as well as Cu+ and Ag+. These replacements are reflected in the variations of individual Me–S bond distances, which are accompanied by variations in average Me–S distances. The degree of polyhedral distortion, Δ, progressively increases for the four Bi-hosting sites of nine cosalite-type structures: Me2 < Bi2 < Bi1 < Bi4. The Bi4 and Me3 are the most and the Me1 and Me2 are the least distorted octahedral sites of the nine cosalite-type structures.

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Influence of High Current Pulsed Electron Beam Irradiation on Ni-P Electroless Plating

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.299-300.77 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 299-300 ◽

pp. 77-81

Author(s):

Yang Xu ◽

Sheng Zhi Hao ◽

Xiang Dong Zhang ◽

Min Cai Li ◽

Chuang Dong

Keyword(s):

Electroless Plating ◽

Electron Beam Irradiation ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

High Current ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Pulsed Electron Beam ◽

6063 Aluminum Alloy ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Better Than

The surface irradiation of 6063 aluminum alloy by high current pulsed electron was conducted with the aim of replacing the complicated pre-treatment in the processes of electroless plating. To explore the microstructure changes, optical metallography, SEM (scanning electron microscope), XRD (X-ray diffraction) analyses were carried out, and the sliding tests were used for the detection of wear resistance. It was concluded that the HCPEB irradiation could replace the pre-treatment of aluminum substrate as required in conventional electroless plating with a decreased surface roughness of Ni-P alloy plating layer. The plates exhibited an amorphous microstructure as demonstrated by XRD analysis. The plates, produced with the routine of HCPEB irradiation, activation and electroless plating possess, also exhibited good quality, even better than that of conventional electroless plating technique.

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INVESTIGATIONS ON Sm- AND Nb-SUBSTITUTED PZT CERAMICS

Modern Physics Letters B ◽

10.1142/s0217984906012134 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (29) ◽

pp. 1879-1882 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

CHANDRA PRAKASH ◽

J. K. JUNEJA

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Constant ◽

Single Phase ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Chemical Formula ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Pzt Ceramics ◽

Ceramic Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Niobium Doping ◽

Constant Versus

In the present paper, we report the effect of Samarium substitution and Niobium doping on the properties of a PZT(52:48). The properties studied are: structural, dielectric and ferroelectric. The samples with chemical formula Pb 0.99 Sm 0.01 Zr 0.52 Ti 0.48 O 3 were prepared by solid-state dry ceramic method. Small amount (0.5 wt%) of Nb 2 O 5 was also added. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed formation of a single phase with tetragonal structure. Dielectric properties were studied as a function of temperature and frequency. Transition temperature, Tc, was determined from dielectric constant versus temperature plot. The material shows well-defined ferroelectric (PE) hysteresis loop.

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