scholarly journals Analysis of Horizontal Displacements Measured over the Mining Operations in Longwall No. 537 at the Girondelle 5 Seam of the Bw Friedrich Heinrich-Rheinland Coal Mine

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-168
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Tajduś
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Subsidence Trough ◽  
Displacement Vectors ◽  
Surface Displacements ◽  
Horizontal Displacements ◽  
Displacement Measurements

Abstract The article presents an analysis of the horizontal land surface displacements taking place as an effect of coal exploitation on the Girondelle 5 seam in the Friedrich Heinrich-Rheinland mine in Germany. The paper presents changes in displacement vectors measured on the surface following the progress of the exploitation face and an analysis of horizontal displacement measurements assuming that their magnitude is proportional to the profile of subsidence trough slope. Then, the values of horizontal displacement coefficient B are assessed for selected longitudinal and transversal calculation cross-sections of longwall No. 537.

scholarly journals Simulation of Rock Mass Horizontal Displacements with Usage of Cellular Automata Theory.

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Sikora
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Automata Theory ◽  
Mass Model ◽  
Subsidence Trough ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Maximum Subsidence ◽  
Horizontal Displacements

Abstract In the article there was presented two dimensional rock mass model as a deterministic finite cellular automata. Used to describe the distribution of subsidence of rock mass inside and on its surface the theory of automata makes it relatively simple way to get a subsidence trough profile consistent with the profile observed by geodetic measurements on the land surface. As a development of an existing concept of the rock mass model, as a finite cellular automaton, there was described distribution function that allows, simultaneously with the simulation of subsidence, to simulate horizontal displacements inside the rock mass model and on its surface in accordance with real observations. On the basis of the results of numerous computer simulations there was presented fundamental mathematical relationship that determines the ratio of maximum horizontal displacement and maximum subsidence, in case of full subsidence trough, in relation to the basic parameters of the rock mass model. The possibilities of presented model were shown on the example of simulation results of deformation distribution caused by extraction of abstract coal panel. Obtained results were consistent with results obtained by geometric-integral theory.

scholarly journals Application of Inclinometer Measurements for Relative Horizontal Displacement Investigations on Landslide Grounds

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszar Malarski ◽  
Kamil Nagórski ◽  
Marek Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Single Observation ◽  
Basic Criterion ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Horizontal Displacements ◽  
Displacement Measurements

Abstract One of the basic criterion for safety evaluation of structures erected on embankment or sliding slopes is relative horizontal displacement at different elevations. Relative horizontal displacements beneath ground surfaces are performed with inclinometer measurements. This report presents results on horizontal relative ground displacements with the probe SISGEO S242SV30. Investigations were performed with two inclinometer columns 14m height embedded in Warsaw Bank Slope. Mean square error of single observation was determined and mean relative errors of relative displacements in relation to column height. On the basis measurement results several relevant recommendations and practical hints were formulated allowing to avoid survey blunders and discrepancies in measuring procedures often encountered. Detailed inclinometer horizontal displacement measurements results at Warsaw hillside St Ana’s Church grounds were listed and presented.

MINING-INDUCED SURFACE HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT: THE CASE OF BW PROSPER HANIEL MINE / ANALIZA PRZEMIESZCZEŃ POZIOMYCH POWIERZCHNI TERENU WYWOŁANYCH PODZIEMNĄ EKSPLOATACJĄ GÓRNICZĄ NA PRZYKŁADZIE KOPALNI BW PROSPER HANIEL

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1037-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Tajduś
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Complex Study ◽  
Displacement Factor ◽  
Horizontal Displacements

Abstract The paper presents a wide-ranged analysis of horizontal displacements in the region of underground mining exploitation. Initially, various theories pertaining to the determination of mining-induced horizontal displacement are discussed, followed by a complex study on horizontal displacements measured for a selected example region of the German coal mine BW Prosper Haniel, as well as the determination of displacement factor B.

The Nature of Mining-Induced Horizontal Displacement of Surface on the Example of Several Coal Mines

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Tajduś
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Surface Slope ◽  
Proportionality Coefficient ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Displacement Vectors ◽  
Mining Conditions ◽  
Design Projects ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Abstract The paper presents the analysis of the phenomenon of horizontal displacement of surface induced by underground mining exploitation. In the initial part, the basic theories describing horizontal displacement are discussed, followed by three illustrative examples of underground exploitation in varied mining conditions. It is argued that center of gravity (COG) method presented in the paper, hypothesis of Awierszyn and model studies carried out in Strata Mechanics Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences indicate the proportionality between vectors of horizontal displacement and the vector of surface slope. The differences practically relate to the value of proportionality coefficient B, whose estimated values in currently realized design projects for mining industry range between 0.23r to 0.42r for deep exploitations, whereas in the present article the values of 0.33r and 0.47r were obtained for two instances of shallow exploitation. Furthermore, observations on changes of horizontal displacement vectors with face advancement indicated the possibility of existence of COG zones above the mined-out field, which proved the conclusions of hitherto carried out research studies (Tajduś 2013).

scholarly journals A Multidisciplinary Approach for the Assessment of Origin, Fate and Ecotoxicity of Metal(loid)s from Legacy Coal Mine Tailings

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Honorine Gauthier-Manuel ◽  
Diane Radola ◽  
Flavien Choulet ◽  
Martine Buatier ◽  
Raphaël Vauthier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Subcellular Fractionation ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
Coal Tailings ◽  
Produce Acid

Over the course of history, the development of human societies implied the exploitation of mineral resources which generated huge amounts of mining wastes leading to substantial environmental contamination by various metal(loid)s. This is especially the case of coal mine tailings which, subjected to weathering reactions, produce acid mine drainage (AMD), a recurring ecological issue related to current and past mining activities. In this study, we aimed to determine the origin, the fate and the ecotoxicity of metal(loid)s leached from a historical coal tailing heap to the Beuveroux river (Franche-Comté, France) using a combination of mineralogical, chemical and biological approaches. In the constitutive materials of the tailings, we identified galena, tetrahedrite and bournonite as metal-rich minerals and their weathering has led to massive contamination of the water and suspended particles of the river bordering the heap. The ecotoxicity of the AMD has been assessed using Chironomus riparius larvae encaged in the field during a one-month biomonitoring campaign. The larvae showed lethal and sub-lethal (growth and emergence inhibition and delay) impairments at the AMD tributary and near downstream stations. Metal bioaccumulation and subcellular fractionation in the larvae tissues revealed a strong bioavailability of, notably, As, Pb and Tl explaining the observed biological responses. Thus, more than 70 years after the end of mining operations, the coal tailings remain a chronic source of contamination and environmental risks in AMD effluent receiving waters.

Justification of engineering safety criteria for undermining of water-proof layer in the Upper Kama Salt Deposit

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
A. A. Baryakh ◽  
L. O. Tenison
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Subsidence Trough ◽  
Safety Criterion ◽  
Mining Depth ◽  
Mine Sites ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
Water Proof

Safety of a water-proof pillar between the stoping void and the aquifers defines the key feature of water-soluble mineral mining. In this regard, the most important element of geomechanical supervision of mining operations, especially, at the mine project stage, is the engineering safety criteria aimed at the adequate valuation of safe undermining of water-proof strata (WPS). The WPS safety procedures now in force calculate only maximal sagging of undermined beds and disregard deformation in the edge area of WPS. In the meanwhile, the edges of WPS are the areas of localization of maximal horizontal strains, and the hazard of vertical jointing is the highest in these areas. In this connection, in the capacity of the index of the manmade load on WPS, it is proposed to use the maximal slope of the edge area of the subsidence trough. The evaluations were carried out in 6 Uralkali’s mine sites selected from the mathematical modeling and geophysical survey data which exhibited considerable damage of WPS. Based on the implemented research and justifications, it is recommended to use the generalized safety criterion for undermining of WPS as a maximal subsidence/mining depth ratio which is directly proportional to the ground slope. This engineering procedure describes more adequately the fracture mechanism in WPS rocks, in particular, damage localization in edge areas of the subsidence trough, or influence of mining depth on WPS stability and, which is main thing, is based on the criteria derived from the long-term observations and measurements performed in the Upper Kama deposit. The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Grant No. 19-77-30008.

Geomorphological and anthropic impacts over land surface displacements: application of DinSAR technique to the case of Bahía Blanca city, Argentina

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Nicolás Scivetti ◽  
Paulo Marcos ◽  
María Eugenia Prieto ◽  
Cecilia Pavón Pivetta ◽  
Leonardo Benedini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Displacements

scholarly journals Coseismic displacements of the 14 November 2016 Mw7.8 Kaikoura, New Zealand, earthquake using an optical cubesat constellation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kääb ◽  
Bas Altena ◽  
Joseph Mascaro
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Surface Displacements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Optical Satellite Images ◽  
Sentinel 2

Abstract. Satellite measurements of coseismic displacements are typically based on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry or amplitude tracking, or based on optical data such as from Landsat, Sentinel-2, SPOT, ASTER, very-high resolution satellites, or airphotos. Here, we evaluate a new class of optical satellite images for this purpose – data from cubesats. More specific, we investigate the PlanetScope cubesat constellation for horizontal surface displacements by the 14 November 2016 Mw7.8 Kaikoura, New Zealand, earthquake. Single PlanetScope scenes are 2–4 m resolution visible and near-infrared frame images of approximately 20–30 km × 9–15 km in size, acquired in continuous sequence along an orbit of approximately 375–475 km height. From single scenes or mosaics from before and after the earthquake we observe surface displacements of up to almost 10 m and estimate a matching accuracy from PlanetScope data of up to ±0.2 pixels (~ ±0.6 m). This accuracy, the daily revisit anticipated for the PlanetScope constellation for the entire land surface of Earth, and a number of other features, together offer new possibilities for investigating coseismic and other Earth surface displacements and managing related hazards and disasters, and complement existing SAR and optical methods. For comparison and for a better regional overview we also match the coseismic displacements by the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake using Landsat8 and Sentinel-2 data.

scholarly journals CONCERNING THE EXTRACTION OF A SLACK SOIL LAYER FROM COMPRESSIBLE THICKNESS OF FOUNDATION STRATUM OF FINITE WIDTH FOUNDATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Zaven Ter-Martirosyan ◽  
Armen Ter-martirosyan ◽  
Valery DEMYANENKO
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Creep Model ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Finite Width ◽  
Relative Depth ◽  
Weak Layer ◽  
Horizontal Displacements

The paper provides a quantitative assessment of the deflected mode of foundation stratum of finite width foundation, in the compressible thickness of which there is a slack clay soil layer. A number of criteria for assessing the possibility or impossibility of extruding a slack layer depending on its strength and rheological properties, as well as the relative thickness of the layer to its length (h/l) and the relative depth of the layer (h/d) have been given. Closed analytical solutions are given to determine the rate of Foundation precipitation depending on the rate of extrusion of the weak layer, including taking into account the damped and undamped creep. The analytical solutions in the article are supported by the graphical part made with the help of the Mathcad program. Plots of changes in shear stresses in the layer along the x axis at different distances from the axis and at different values 0, contours of horizontal displacement velocities in the weak layer at different distances from the x axis, plots of horizontal displacement velocities in the middle of the weak layer and plots of horizontal displacement velocities in the weak layer at different distances from the x axis are given. As a calculation model for describing the creep of a slack layer, rheological ones of the soil using power and hyperbolic functions and their modifications have been considered. In addition, most modern rheological models that take into account soil hardening during creep have been considered. Based on these models, the problem is solved by means analytical and numerical methods using the Mathcad PC and the PLAXIS PC according to the Soft Soil Creep model. The graphical part shows the isofields of horizontal displacements for 300 days and 600 days and the corresponding contours of horizontal displacements.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document