Recreational Marijuana Sales Legalization and Monday Work Injury Claims

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuming Dong
Keyword(s):  
Claim Data ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Work Injury ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Recreational Marijuana ◽  
Compensation Claims ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
Restricted Use ◽  
The Impact

Abstract An important stylized fact in the literature is that more Workers’ Compensation claims for difficult-to-diagnose injuries are filed on Monday than on any other day of the week. This paper studies the impact of recreational marijuana sales legalization on Monday work injury claims. Using restricted-use Workers’ Compensation claim data in Oregon and a Difference-in-Differences (DiD) model, I find the probability of overall Monday injuries increase by 4 percentage points after recreational marijuana sales legalization. The event study graphs suggest the medium-term effects appear to equal the short-term effects. Additionally, I do not find strong evidence to support those difficult-to-diagnose Monday injuries disproportionately increase after recreational marijuana sales legalization, suggesting a limited moral hazard of Monday injury claiming behavior after recreational marijuana sales legalization.

scholarly journals O2C.5 Increasing costs of occupational injuries in association with high ambient temperatures in adelaide, south australia, 2000–2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A17.2-A17
Author(s):  
Jianjun Xiang ◽  
Alana Hansen ◽  
Dino Pisaniello ◽  
Peng Bi
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Compensation Claims ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Compensation Costs

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of ambient temperature on compensation costs due to work-related injuries, and to provide an evidence base about the economic benefits of developing workplace heat prevention strategies in a warming climate.MethodsWorkers’ compensation claims obtained from SafeWork South Australia for 2000–2014 were transformed into daily time series format and merged with meteorological data. The relationship between temperature and compensation costs were estimated using a generalized linear model after controlling for long-term trends, seasonality, and day of week. A piecewise linear spline function was used to account for non-linearity.ResultsA total of 4 64 139 workers’ compensation claims were reported during the 15 year period in South Australia, resulting in AU$14.9 billion dollars compensation payment. Overall, it is a reversed V-shaped temperature-cost association. A 1°C increase in maximum temperature was associated with a 1.1% (95% CI, 0.2%–2.0%) increase in daily injury compensation expenditure below 35.2°C. Specifically, significant increases of injury costs were observed in males (1.4%, 95% CI 0.3%–2.5%), young workers (3.0%, 95% CI 1.2%–4.9%), older workers≥65 years (2.4%, 95% CI 0.5%–4.4%), labourers (2.7%, 95% CI 0.5%–4.8%), machinery operators and drivers (3.5%, 95% CI 1.6%–5.3%) and the following industries: agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting (12.3%, 95% CI 2.2%–23.3%); construction (7.8%, 95% CI 0.02%–16.3%); and wholesale and retail trade (2.4%, 95% CI 0.5%–4.4%). Costs for compensating occupational burns and ‘skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases’ increased by 3.1% (95% CI 1.2%–5.1%) and 2.7% (95% CI 0.1%–5.4%) respectively, with a 1°C increase in maximum temperature.ConclusionThere is a significant association between temperature and work-related injury compensation costs in Adelaide, South Australia for certain subgroups. Heat attributable workers’ compensation costs may increase with the predicted rising temperature.

Performance Funding Policy Effects on Community College Outcomes: Are Short-Term Certificates on the Rise?

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Y. Li ◽  
Alec I. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
State Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performance Funding ◽  
Funding Policy ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Performance funding (PF) policies allocate a portion of state funding to colleges based on student outcomes. This study is the first to account for policy type and design differences, and explores the impact of performance funding on three levels of credential completions: short-term certificates, medium-term certificates, and associate’s degrees. Method: We create a panel dataset of 751 two-year colleges from years 1990 to 2013 using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System. We conduct a series of analyses using difference-in-differences with the inclusion of college- and state-level control variables. Results: We find that, on average, performance funding produces no significant changes in completions of any of the three credentials. Policy types characterized by a greater proportion of funding tied to the base budget, mission differentiation in performance metrics, inclusion of underrepresented student metrics, and longer periods of operating years produce an increase in short-term certificates, no significant change in medium-term certificates, and a decrease in associate’s degrees. Contributions: This study’s findings suggest that because awarding more short-term certificates is a relatively quick and cost-effective way to capture performance funds, colleges might be engaging in a path of least resistance by churning out short-term certificates and redirecting focus away from associate’s degrees, which is concerning given that short-term certificates generally offer limited labor market benefits compared to medium-term certificates and associate’s degrees. Our results also underscore the importance of policy designs in explaining differential impacts on credential completion.

scholarly journals The impact of work injury and permanent impairment on the probability of poverty

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emile Tompa
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Injured Workers ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Work Injury ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Poverty Levels

Objectives: We investigate the prevalence of poverty across different workers compensation programs using large representative samples of workers’ compensation claimants who have sustained a permanent impairment from a work injury. The programs, which have existed in the provinces of Ontario and British Columbia, Canada over the last 25 years, are the Permanent Disability (PD) program, the Future Economic Loss (FEL) program, the Loss of Earnings (LOE) program, and the Bifurcated Benefits (BB) program. The nature of benefit determination and the return to work supports provided by the four programs are very different. The focus of the study is on evidence of programmatic impact on the probability of poverty in the nine years post injury.Methods: The study included claimants sampled from each of the four programs who sustained a permanent impairment from a work injury. Claimants were identified in a Revenue Canada tax database know as the Longitudinal Administrative Databank (LAD), which is a longitudinal 20% simple random sample of all Canadian tax filers. Each claimant was matched with similar uninjured controls that were also in the LAD, based on sex, age, labour-market earnings amounts and trajectories in the four years prior to injury, family income, marital status, number of children, and a propensity score. Descriptive analysis was undertaken to compare near poverty, poverty and deep poverty levels of claimants relative to their match controls using data on family and individual earnings over a ten-year period post injury. Statistical modeling was used to determine the probability of poverty and near poverty for claimants versus controls. A key issue of interest was to determine was whether the probability of poverty differed between programs.Results: Based on after-tax adjusted family income, the level of poverty was quite low, less than 2% in every program over a ten-year period. The level of poverty was also lower for claimants than their matched controls, but only nominally so. The BB program had the lowest proportion of poverty followed by the PD program, the FEL program and then the LOE program. In the statistical modelling analysis male claimants did not have a higher probability of poverty compared to controls, though female claimants did. Both male and female claimants had a higher probability of near poverty.Conclusions: Poverty levels are very low for workers’ compensation claimants who sustain permanent impairments from a work injury across different programs and time periods in Ontario and British Columbia. Overall the Bifurcated Benefits program from British Columbia had the lowest proportion of claimants in poverty in absolute terms and relative to non-injured workers. Increased levels of poverty due to work injury and permanent impairment are particularly a concern for female claimants, though both female and male claimants have a higher chance of near poverty compared to non-injured workers.

scholarly journals The Impact of Provider Choice on Workers' Compensation Costs and Outcomes

ILR Review ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Neumark ◽  
Peter S. Barth ◽  
Richard A. Victor
Keyword(s):  
Return To Work ◽  
Work Outcomes ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Provider Choice ◽  
Compensation Claims ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Recent Policy ◽  
Physical Recovery ◽  
Prior Relationship

Using survey data collected in 2002 and 2003 in California, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Texas on workers injured 3 to 3.5 years earlier, coupled with information on the associated workers' compensation claims from the Workers Compensation Research Institute, the authors examine how provider choice in workers' compensation is related to costs and to workers' outcomes. They find that employee choice of the provider, by comparison with employer choice, was associated with higher costs and worse return-to-work outcomes. Although the same rate of physical recovery was found for both groups, workers who chose their providers reported higher satisfaction with medical care. The higher costs and worse return-to-work outcomes associated with employee choice arose largely when employees selected a new provider, rather than a provider with whom they had a pre-existing relationship. The findings lend some support to recent policy changes limiting workers' ability to choose a provider with whom they do not have a prior relationship.

Patients undergoing hip arthroscopy with active workers’ compensation claims do not demonstrate inferior outcomes at mid-term

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-549
Author(s):  
Itay Perets ◽  
Dan Prat ◽  
Mary R. Close ◽  
Edwin O Chaharbakhshi ◽  
Stephanie M Rabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Compensation Claims ◽  
Labral Pathology

Introduction: Workers’ compensation (WC) claims have been associated with poor short-term outcomes after hip arthroscopy. We aim to report mid-term outcomes and return to work (RTW) among patients with WC claims. Methods: Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed for patients undergoing hip arthroscopy between September 2008 and July 2011. Inclusion criteria were an active WC claim at time of surgery with preoperatively-documented patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Exclusion criteria were a previous hip condition and preoperative Tönnis grade >1. Patient-reported WC cases were pair-matched to non-WC cases based on body mass index (BMI) ± 5, age ± 5 years, gender, preoperative LCEA, labral treatment, and capsular treatment. Results: 52 patients had minimum 5-year outcomes. Mean age was 40.6 (±10.6) years and a mean BMI of 27.5 (±5.3). 9 (16.7%) hips underwent secondary arthroscopies. 5 hips (9.3%) were converted to THA. There were 5 (9.3%) reports of numbness, all of which resolved spontaneously. Work status details were available for 49 patients and 47 patients (95.9%) returned to work. 42 WC hips were matched to 42 control hips. At ⩾5-year follow-up, patient-reported outcomes, visual analogue scale (VAS) and satisfaction were not different between the groups. All magnitudes in improvement were significantly higher in the WC group ( p = < 0.001) except for VAS. No significant differences were found in rates of secondary arthroscopies, conversions to THA, or complications between the groups. Conclusions: WC patients have equal favourable mid-term outcomes as non-WC patients after hip arthroscopy for the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement and labral pathology.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Disruptive Events on Port Performance and Choice: The Case of Gothenburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Martin Svanberg ◽  
Henrik Holm ◽  
Kevin Cullinane
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Container Port ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Labour Dispute ◽  
Container Ports ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper assesses the impact of a major disruptive event at the port of Gothenburg, Scandinavia’s largest container port. Automatic Identification System (AIS) data is analyzed, in combination with official port statistics on container handling in the four main container ports in Sweden, from 2014–2018. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between container volumes handled and calculated performance metrics at the specific times of the intense labour dispute at the port of Gothenburg during the periods Q2 (2016) and Q4 (2016)–Q2 (2017). The paper concludes that the decline in container volumes handled at Gothenburg over the period is specifically due to fewer ships calling at the port following each of the intense periods of the labour dispute. It is also concluded that the effect on competitor ports in the region were significant in terms of both increased volumes of gateway container traffic and the resulting short-term and medium term impacts on both port user profiles and port efficiency levels.

scholarly journals Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (142) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Flexible Exchange Rate ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Fiscal Consolidation ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Financing Gap ◽  
Fiscal Space ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents Nigeria’s Request for Purchase Under the Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI). The authorities’ immediate actions to respond to the crisis are welcome. The short-term focus on fiscal accommodation would allow for higher health spending and help alleviate the impact of the crisis on households and businesses. Steps taken toward a more unified and flexible exchange rate are also important and unification of the exchange rate should be expedited. Once the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis passes, the focus should remain on medium-term macroeconomic stability, with revenue-based fiscal consolidation essential to keep Nigeria’s debt sustainable and create fiscal space for priority spending. Implementation of the reform priorities under the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan, particularly on power and governance, remains crucial to boost growth over the medium term. The emergency financing under the RFI will provide much needed liquidity support to respond to the urgent balance of payments needs. Additional assistance from development partners will be required to support the government’s efforts and close the large financing gap.

scholarly journals Impact Of Union Budget On Indian Stock Market

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Verma Gakhar ◽  
Neha Kushwaha ◽  
Vinita Ashok
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
T Test ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
F Test ◽  
Indian Stock Market ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Paired T Test

This paper analyzes the impact of Union budget on NSE’s CNX NIFTY Index. The impact is measured in terms of daily average returns and volatility over the short term, medium term and long term period in pre and post budget period. The data has been collected for five budget periods from 2011 to 2015. The statistical tools used are paired T-test and F-test. Paired T-test is conducted on average returns and F-test is conducted on variances over the period i.e., 3, 10 and 30 days in pre and post budget period. The maximum impact of budget is seen in short term then it gradually decreases in medium term and finally diminishes in the long term. The implication of this paper is that the investor should fear from investing in the stock market around the budget period.

PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF APPLICATION OF METEOROLOGICAL WEATHER PREDICTION MODELS FOR THE NEED OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF ECONOMY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Frolov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Mesoscale Modeling ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Research And Forecasting ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Weather Research

Different aspects of the application of short-term and long-term meteorological forecasting in the work of agricultural companies of different scales were investigated in this paper. Systematic assessment and consideration of weather factors in the work of agricultural companies of various scales is very important on the way to effective management and increase profits, especially in today's climate change. The use of existing global meteorological models does not always allow to obtain a detailed and qualitative forecast for individual areas, which is important for assessing the impact of weather on crops. The advantages of using the mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) for agricultural companies are considered. The results of short-term and medium- term WRF modeling can be used by agricultural campaigns to assess the potential negative impact of weather conditions on crops, as well as in preventive decisions to reduce the negative impact of extreme weather events on crops. The problem of the need for significant computing resources for mesoscale modeling can be solved by using commercial Cloud platforms, which are more cost-effective than purchasing high-performance computer systems (HPC). The scheme of application of short-term and medium-term weather forecasting in agricultural companies by realization of mesoscale modeling with Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) and with application of cloud technologies was developed. The result of the proposed scheme are graphic products of meteorological quantities and weather maps of the modeling area (where crops are located), which is a ready product for analysis by agricultural companies for further agricultural and technical decision making process.

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