Logical and practical advantages of double consciousness

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-69
Author(s):  
Donna E. West
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Double Consciousness ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
New Information ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
Double Nature ◽  
Basic Level

Abstract This account augments Peirce's concept of consciousness in two ways: 1) it highlights its double nature and 2) it explores how this two-sided consciousness advances modal logic. Double consciousness facilitates inferencing in that differences between old information and new information are noticed; logical conflicts between the two can then be explored and resolved expeditiously. This often natural but a forced need to consider new facts in light of old ones provides a scaffold for a higher level of consciousness, namely, self and heterocriticism — inciting interpreters to attend to the new facts, to intentionally compare facts and propositions, and to reflect upon the reasons for their comparative efficacy. In his call to double consciousness, Peirce enlivens us to draw deeply from the well of logical and practical affordances — surprising events and sustained interactive platforms. Peirce’s call requires us to utilize consciousness from its very basic level: attention to stimuli, awareness of unexpected facts, mental wrestling of effort and resistance, and finally synthetic consciousness which engenders binding frames of legitimate meanings from reliable genres. In this effort, Peirce informs us that the most reliable inferencing can only be ascertained by weighing ego with non-ego — through an active course of careful synthesis.

Internet-Enabled Business Models and Marketing Strategies

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-119
Author(s):  
Chandra Sekhar Patro
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
New Information ◽  
Value Propositions ◽  
Basic Level

The internet is continuously growing and evolving as a vital resource with which organizations can upgrade their capabilities and expand their business activities. The revolution of information technology has a major impact on internet-based business models. At the basic level, it is the shift from analog to digital technologies that are responsible for much new information technology (IT) capabilities. The IT-enabled business trends are profoundly altering the business landscape with the pace of technology change, innovation, and business adoption. Digital technologies have created innovative trends for organizations to create value propositions and perform value-added activities. The chapter articulates the various internet-based models, e-marketing business models, internet marketing strategies, and mix adopted by the organizations in leveraging the unique features of digital technology to create competitive advantages. Further, focuses on the emerging internet-based market structure and IT-enabled business marketing trends.

Other psychological problems encountered in people with cancer

2007 ◽  
pp. 613-624
Keyword(s):  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Nursing Management ◽  
Organic Brain Syndrome ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
New Information ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
Organic Brain ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Acute Confusion ◽  
Confusional States

Acute confusional states 614 Psychoses and their management 616 Violence and aggression 618 Alcohol misuse 620 Nursing management of people who are alcohol dependent 622 Acute confusion or delirium is an acute organic brain syndrome, characterized by problems with level of consciousness, attention, and memory. Acute confusion may be transient and reversible. Key features are a clouding of consciousness, and difficulty registering or making sense of new information. Clouding of consciousness ranges from reduced awareness of the environment or drowsiness, to stupor and coma....

scholarly journals Evolutionary biology as a link between religion and knowledge

2000 ◽  
Vol 56 (2/3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Du Toit
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
The West ◽  
Epistemological Tradition ◽  
Autopoietic Systems ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
The World ◽  
Genetic Structures ◽  
Basic Level

It would appear that the epistemological tradition of the West is culminating in the present science-religion debate. The evolutionary model is being used increasingly in different disciplines as a guideline to understand humans and their action in the world. The struggle for explaining the action of God has shifted from the world of history and texts to the invisible level of quantum physics and molecular biology. It seems that levels of indeterminacy in quantum mechanics and autopoietic systems offer space to explain the action of God. On the human level integrity is sought by linking the highest level of consciousness and rationality to the very basic level of molecular and genetic structures. These issues are dealt with and specific attention is given to autopoietic systems and the biological roots of rationality.

Overview of Learning From Past to Present and Self-Directed Learning

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cihad Şentürk ◽  
Gülçin Zeybek
Keyword(s):  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Learning Skills ◽  
New Information ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Directed Learning ◽  
The One ◽  
Basic Level

Because it was difficult to find information during the last century, it was significant to raise individuals who acquired, learned, and memorized it and had basic level skills. Currently in our world, memorizing information has lost its significance. Thanks to the technological developments, reaching the desired information has become extremely easy. Therefore, what is being expected from the individuals today is to question the accuracy of the information they reached, to produce new information from the one in hand, and to realize the change and transformation with the information they acquired by the help of self-directed learning skills. Nowadays, the changes occurring in technology and information every single day have made lifelong learning and in this direction self- directed learning important, which is one of the basic elements of it. The societies that bring up individuals who assume their own responsibility by seizing the transformation in education and execute the necessities of it have a voice around the world and direct the future.

scholarly journals Investigation on Neurobiological Mechanisms of Dreaming in the New Decade

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Serena Scarpelli ◽  
Valentina Alfonsi ◽  
Maurizio Gorgoni ◽  
Anna Maria Giannini ◽  
Luigi De Gennaro
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Early Results ◽  
New Information ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
Dream Research ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
New Applications ◽  
The Impact

Dream research has advanced significantly over the last twenty years, thanks to the new applications of neuroimaging and electrophysiological techniques. Many findings pointed out that mental activity during sleep and wakefulness shared similar neural bases. On the other side, recent studies have highlighted that dream experience is promoted by significant brain activation, characterized by reduced low frequencies and increased rapid frequencies. Additionally, several studies confirmed that the posterior parietal area and prefrontal cortex are responsible for dream experience. Further, early results revealed that dreaming might be manipulated by sensory stimulations that would provoke the incorporation of specific cues into the dream scenario. Recently, transcranial stimulation techniques have been applied to modulate the level of consciousness during sleep, supporting previous findings and adding new information about neural correlates of dream recall. Overall, although multiple studies suggest that both the continuity and activation hypotheses provide a growing understanding of neural processes underlying dreaming, several issues are still unsolved. The impact of state-/trait-like variables, the influence of circadian and homeostatic factors, and the examination of parasomnia-like events to access dream contents are all opened issues deserving further deepening in future research.

An algorithmic approach to knowledge evolution

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALESSIO LOMUSCIO ◽  
MARK RYAN
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Intelligent Agents ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Kripke Models ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Algorithmic Approach ◽  
Agent Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
New Information ◽  
Multi Agent

Intelligent agents must update their knowledge base as they acquire new information about their environment. The modal logic S5n has been designed for representing knowledge bases in societies of agents. Halpern and Vardi have proposed the notion of refinement of S5n Kripke models in order to solve multi-agent problems in which knowledge evolves. We argue that there are some problems with their proposal and attempt to solve them by moving from Kripke models to their corresponding trees. We define refinement of a tree with a formula, show some properties of the notion, and illustrate with the muddy children puzzle. We show how some diagnosis problems in engineering can be modelled as knowledge-based multi-agent systems, and hence how our approach can address them.

Lattice Imaging of Twin, Lath and α/Martensite Boundaries in Duplex Low Carbon Steels

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
J. Y. Koo ◽  
G. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ferrite Matrix ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Bright Field Image ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Lattice Imaging ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Lattice Image ◽  
New Information ◽  
Resolution Electron

High resolution electron microscopy has been shown to give new information on defects(1) and phase transformations in solids (2,3). In a continuing program of lattice fringe imaging of alloys, we have applied this technique to the martensitic transformation in steels in order to characterize the atomic environments near twin, lath and αmartensite boundaries. This paper describes current progress in this program.Figures A and B show lattice image and conventional bright field image of the same area of a duplex Fe/2Si/0.1C steel described elsewhere(4). The microstructure consists of internally twinned martensite (M) embedded in a ferrite matrix (F). Use of the 2-beam tilted illumination technique incorporating a twin reflection produced {110} fringes across the microtwins.

Stereo Electron Microscopy Applied to High Resolution Freeze-Etch Replicas

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
L. Andrew Staehelin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Smooth Surfaces ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Membrane Surfaces ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
New Information ◽  
Number Of Particles ◽  
Small Holes

Freeze-etched membranes usually appear as relatively smooth surfaces covered with numerous small particles and a few small holes (Fig. 1). In 1966 Branton (1“) suggested that these surfaces represent split inner mem¬brane faces and not true external membrane surfaces. His theory has now gained wide acceptance partly due to new information obtained from double replicas of freeze-cleaved specimens (2,3) and from freeze-etch experi¬ments with surface labeled membranes (4). While theses studies have fur¬ther substantiated the basic idea of membrane splitting and have shown clearly which membrane faces are complementary to each other, they have left the question open, why the replicated membrane faces usually exhibit con¬siderably fewer holes than particles. According to Branton's theory the number of holes should on the average equal the number of particles. The absence of these holes can be explained in either of two ways: a) it is possible that no holes are formed during the cleaving process e.g. due to plastic deformation (5); b) holes may arise during the cleaving process but remain undetected because of inadequate replication and microscope techniques.

Trial production of γ-type energy filtering TEM

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 604-605
Author(s):  
Y. Taniguchi ◽  
E. Nakazawa ◽  
S. Taya
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
Electron Optics ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Mass Spectrometers ◽  
Ion Optics ◽  
Energy Filtering ◽  
New Information ◽  
New Type ◽  
Fringing Fields

Imaging energy filters can add new information to electron microscopic images with respect to energy-axis, so-called electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI). Recently, many good results have been reported using this imaging technique. ESI also allows high-contrast observation of unstained biological samples, becoming a trend of the field of morphology. We manufactured a new type of energy filter as a trial production. This energy filter consists of two magnets, and we call γ-filter since the trajectory of electrons shows ‘γ’-shape inside the filter. We evaluated the new energyγ-filter TEM with the γ-filter.Figure 1 shows schematic view of the electron optics of the γ-type energy filter. For the determination of the electron-optics of the γ-type energy filter, we used the TRIO (Third Order Ion Optics) program which has been developed for the design of high resolution mass spectrometers. The TRIO takes the extended fringing fields (EFF) into consideration. EFF makes it difficult to design magnetic energy filters with magnetic sector fields.

Principles of Low-Vacuum SEM

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1304-1305
Author(s):  
Klaus-Ruediger Peters
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Specimen Surface ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Gaseous Environment ◽  
New Information ◽  
Gas Molecules ◽  
New Interactions ◽  
Gas Pressures

Only recently it became possible to expand scanning electron microscopy to low vacuum and atmospheric pressure through the introduction of several new technologies. In principle, only the specimen is provided with a controlled gaseous environment while the optical microscope column is kept at high vacuum. In the specimen chamber, the gas can generate new interactions with i) the probe electrons, ii) the specimen surface, and iii) the specimen-specific signal electrons. The results of these interactions yield new information about specimen surfaces not accessible to conventional high vacuum SEM. Several microscope types are available differing from each other by the maximum available gas pressure and the types of signals which can be used for investigation of specimen properties.Electrical non-conductors can be easily imaged despite charge accumulations at and beneath their surface. At high gas pressures between 10-2 and 2 torr, gas molecules are ionized in the electrical field between the specimen surface and the surrounding microscope parts through signal electrons and, to a certain extent, probe electrons. The gas provides a stable ion flux for a surface charge equalization if sufficient gas ions are provided.

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