Microbial Activity in Forest Soil Under Beech, Spruce, Douglas Fir and Fir

Summary The aim of this research was to investigate the microbial activity in forest soil from different sites under deciduous and coniferous trees in Serbia. One site on Stara planina was under beech trees (Fagus sp.) while another under mixture of spruce (Picea sp.) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga sp.). The site on Kopaonik was under mixture of beech (Fagus sp.) and spruce (Picea sp.) trees. The site on Tara was dominantly under fir (Abies sp.), beech (Fagus sp.) and spruce (Picea sp.). The total number of bacteria, the number of actinobacteria, fungi and microorganisms involved in N and C cycles were determined using standard method of agar plates. The activities of dehydrogenase and ß-glucosidase enzymes were measured by spectrophotometric methods. The microbial activity was affected by tree species and sampling time. The highest dehydrogenase activity, total number of bacteria, number of actinobacteria, aminoheterotrophs, amylolytic and cellulolytic microorganisms were determined in soil under beech trees. The highest total number of fungi and number of pectinolytic microorganisms were determined in soil under spruce and Douglas fir trees. The correlation analyses proved the existence of statistically significant interdependency among investigated parameters.

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Methodical issues of the monitoring for ammonium in indoors air

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.18821/0016-9900-2016-10-917-922 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 95 (10) ◽

pp. 917-922 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I. Sh. Iakubova ◽

Yu. V. Dadaly ◽

A. V. Mel’Tser ◽

Lilia A. Alikbayeva ◽

A. Yu. Zhirnov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indoor Air ◽

Standard Method ◽

Field Tests ◽

Air Sampling ◽

State Standards ◽

Comparative Assessment ◽

Sampling Time ◽

Short Term ◽

Material Costs ◽

Iso 5725

Introduction. To perform mass studies of the indoors air environment of the ammonium content the actual issues are the shortening of the sampling time and material costs for their implementation, reduction of adverse effects of ammonium with keeping of the objectivity of results. Aim. The elaboration of the method of short-term air sampling for indoors ammonium and comparative assessment ofdifferent methods of sampling in the course of modeling and field tests. Materials and Methods. Air sampling for ammonium was carried out according to the developed program and standard method, under the average daily 4-fold taking according to State Standards (GOST) 17.2.3.01-86 andRD 52.04.186-89. The evaluation of the significance of deviations of analysis results was carried out in accordance with GOST R ISO 5725-6-2002 and Recommendations of the Interstate Standardization RMG - 61-2003. Results. There were executed model and field tests of air sampling for ammonium according to the standard method and the program of short-term sampling. There were obtained significantly comparable results of ammonium content in the indoor air in the course of model and field tests. Conclusions. Sampling according to the developed program has a number of advantages, including: the shortening of sampling time, material costs, increasing in productivity in the analysis of indoor airfor the ammonium content. The execution oftest sampling according to the developed program allows to reduce the time of ammonium exposure to personnel carrying out the test sampling.

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Economic Impact of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) production in the Czech Republic

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/27/2014-jfs ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (No. 7) ◽

pp. 297-306 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

K. Pulkrab ◽

M. Sloup ◽

M. Zeman

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Economic Impact ◽

Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽

Tree Species ◽

Economic Effect ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

European Countries ◽

Natural Conditions ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Forest Production

The article addresses the issues of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) production in the Czech Republic (CR). Our analysis shows that the tree species can occupy 149,616–163,713 ha in the CR (with respect to ecological limits set by the Czech legislation). The potential economic effect expressed by the gross yield of forest production might be higher by 27–30 million EUR·yr<sup>–1</sup>.  The results of the analysis support the forest owners’ interest to extend Douglas-fir production in the CR, similarly like it has been extended systematically in all European countries where natural conditions allow.  

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9.2 A Complete Exchange Method for the in sacco Estimation of Rumen Degradability on a Routine Basis

BSAP Occasional Publication ◽

10.1017/s0263967x00030615 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 177-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Christine A. Paine ◽

R. Crawshaw ◽

W. P. Barber

Keyword(s):

Standard Method ◽

Sampling Time ◽

Night Work ◽

Routine Procedure ◽

Exchange Method ◽

Routine Basis ◽

Complete Exchange ◽

In Sacco

In sacco studies are at present the most practical way of estimating the rumen degradability of feeds. The commonly adopted procedure (Standard Method = SM) has a number of disadvantages, including night work and the need to select bags at each sampling time. The Complete Exchange Method (CEM), described here, has been developed to meet the need for a convenient routine procedure.

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Impact of woody debris of different tree species on the microbial activity and community of an underlying organic horizon

Soil Biology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.09.017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 115 ◽

pp. 516-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Derek Peršoh ◽

Werner Borken

Keyword(s):

Microbial Activity ◽

Tree Species ◽

Woody Debris ◽

Organic Horizon

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Nutrient concentrations and nitrogen mineralization in forest floors of single species conifer plantations in coastal British Columbia

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x00-062 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 30 (9) ◽

pp. 1341-1352 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

C E Prescott ◽

L Vesterdal ◽

J Pratt ◽

K H Venner ◽

L M de Montigny ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Mineralization ◽

Tree Species ◽

N Mineralization ◽

Single Species ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Picea Sitchensis ◽

Slope Position ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Net N Mineralization ◽

Forest Floors

We examined the extent to which nutrient concentrations and C and N mineralization rates in forests floors under different tree species are predictable from the chemistry of foliar litter and its rate of decomposition. We studied replicated single species plantations of western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), and Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) at four locations. Nutrient concentrations in forest floors correlated poorly with litter nutrient concentrations; the only significant relationships were for Ca and K. Nitrogen mineralization correlated weakly with forest floor C/N ratio, and differed more among sites than among species. None of the litter chemistry parameters were related to net N mineralization rates. Decomposition was fastest in hemlock litter, intermediate in Douglas-fir litter and lowest in cedar litter. Litter also decomposed more rapidly on hemlock forest floors than on cedar forest floors. Rates of N mineralization in the forest floors were not related to rates of decomposition of foliar litter. Differences among sites in N mineralization rates were related to the understory vegetation composition, particularly the amount of the ericaceous shrub salal, which in turn was related to slope position. These site factors appeared to override the effect of tree species on rates of N mineralization.

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Effects of sowing depth on emergence and growth of Douglas-fir, western hemlock, and noble fir seedlings

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x85-150 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 935-940 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Don Minore

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Western Hemlock ◽

Sowing Depth ◽

Forest Tree Species ◽

Greenhouse Experiments ◽

Noble Fir

The effects of sowing depth of seeds of several western forest tree species were studied in greenhouse experiments. Emergence and seedling weight of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco), western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.), and noble fir (Abiesprocera Rehd.) were reduced by sowing seeds in soil at depths greater than 1 cm. Deep sowing in a peat–vermiculite mixture also reduced the emergence of Douglas-fir and western hemlock, but increased the hypocotyl diameters and weights of Douglas-fir seedlings.

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Long-Term Persistence of the Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus of the Douglas-Fir Tussock Moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), in Forest Soil

Environmental Entomology ◽

10.1093/ee/10.2.254 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 254-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

C. G. Thompson ◽

D. W. Scott ◽

B. E. Wickman

Keyword(s):

Forest Soil ◽

Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Tussock Moth ◽

Orgyia Pseudotsugata ◽

Polyhedrosis Virus ◽

Nuclear Polyhedrosis

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Douglas-fir – spruce for the 22nd century? Review of the recent Czech literature

Forestry Engineering Journal ◽

10.12737/17402 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 51-58

Author(s):

Подразски ◽

Vilem Podrazski ◽

Матвеев ◽

Sergey Matveev

Keyword(s):

Norway Spruce ◽

Tree Species ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Point Of View ◽

Ground Vegetation ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Vegetation Diversity ◽

Suitable Alternative ◽

Middle Europe ◽

The Stability

Presented paper summarizes the knowledge concerning the cultivation of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii /Mirb./ Franco), its production as well as its non-production forest functions in the conditions of the Czech Republic/Middle Europe. It analyzes the research outcomes from the point of view of volume and value production in comparison with domestic tree species, from the point of view of the soil effects and effects on the ground vegetation diversity, and from point of view of stability and cultivation in the last period. Main aim is represented by the comparison with the Norway spruce, which can be with advantages replaced by this species, with favourable impact on amount and value of the timber production, on the soil and biodiversity status of the ground vegetation. The Norway spruce is heavily affected and endangered by the coming or supposed climatic changes. Also the stability of forest stands can be supported considerably replacing Norway spruce by Douglas-fir. This species can represent suitable alternative to the Norway spruce in lower and middle altitudes and it can contribute highly to the competitiveness not only of the Czech, but European forestry too, increasing stability and production, decreasing the negative effects of the tree species changes in the past.

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The Effect of Climate on Tree-Ring Chronologies of Native and Nonnative Tree Species Growing Under Homogenous Site Conditions

Geochronometria ◽

10.2478/v10003-009-0006-4 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 33 (-1) ◽

pp. 49-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Edward Feliksik ◽

Sławomir Wilczyński

Keyword(s):

Norway Spruce ◽

Tree Ring ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Tree Species ◽

Sitka Spruce ◽

Early Spring ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Silver Fir ◽

Site Conditions ◽

Diameter Increment

The Effect of Climate on Tree-Ring Chronologies of Native and Nonnative Tree Species Growing Under Homogenous Site ConditionsDendroclimatic studies were carried out in the experimental stands composed of many tree species situated in the Polish part of the Baltic sea-coast. Increment cores were taken from a 100-years old trees of 2 native species: Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) and 3 nonnative species: Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii(Mirb.) Franco), Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis(Bong.) Carr.) and Silver fir (Abies albaMill.). Thirty trees of each species were cored. The relationships between the diameter increment and the thermal and pluvial conditions during the period from 1925 to 2005 were analyzed on the basis of standardized tree-ring chronologies and climatic data. It was found that precipitation and temperature of the growing season and months preceding that season affected the annual diameter increment of all investigated tree species. The current year winter and early spring temperatures as well as February and August precipitation had a similar effect on the variation of diameter increment of trees. On the other hand thermal and pluvial conditions of the current year June differentiated the increment rhythm of individual species. A very strong negative effect on diameter growth of trees was observed in the case of winter and early spring frosts. Norway spruce turned out to be a species most resistant to low temperatures. The investigated tree species, especially Norway spruce, was susceptible to water deficiency in the soil during spring and summer. In the case of Scots pine a high precipitation in June stimulated its growth. The diameter increments of Douglas fir, Sitka spruce, Scots pine, and Silver fir were more strongly connected with air temperature than with precipitation. So called all-species chronology of tree-ring width, constructed during this study, permitted to verify the factors having a similar effect on growth response of the investigated tree species. It reflected the mutual characteristics of diameter increments of trees of various species.

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