The HDPE composites reinforced with waste hybrid PET/cotton fibers modified with the synthesized modifier

Abstract Large amounts of textile waste are generated every year and disposed of through landfill or incineration, leading to numerous environmental and social issues. In this study, waste hybrid polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/cotton fibers were used directly to reinforce high density polyethylene (HDPE) to prepare composites. In order to give full play to the fiber’s reinforcing characteristics, the PET/cotton fibers were further modified with the modifier using a novel synthesized tetraethyl orthosilicate/3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH550)/polyethylene (PE)-g-MAH (MPE) hybrid (TMPE). Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that the TMPE was successfully coated on the surface of fibers. Furthermore, compared with the original and the MPE-modified fibers, the thermal stability of TMPE-modified fibers was significantly increased. SEM and mechanical test indicated that the compatibility of the modified fibers with HDPE had been significantly improved, which led to the improvement of mechanical properties. Compared with the original and MPE-modified fibers-reinforced HDPE composites, the bending strength, bending modulus, and impact strength of TMPE-modified fiber-reinforced HDPE composites were improved obviously by 31.7%, 25.7%, and 89.1%, respectively.

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Preparation and Properties of Nanocomposite of Poly(L-Lactide) and Surface Grafted Hydroxyapatite

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.108.238 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 108 ◽

pp. 238-243

Author(s):

Bing Hong Luo ◽

Jing Yang ◽

Chung En Hsu ◽

Jian Hao Zhao ◽

Chang Ren Zhou

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Mechanical Test ◽

Nucleating Agent ◽

Positive Role ◽

Pressing Method ◽

Polarized Optical Microscopy ◽

Bending Modulus ◽

Interfacial Compatibility ◽

Scanning Electron

nanocomposites of poly (L-lactide) (PLLA) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) or surface grafted hydroxyapatite (g-HAP) were prepared by ultrafines hot-pressing method, and the properties were investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mechanical test and cell culture. Results showed that the PLLA segment grafted onto the HAP surface played a positive role on improving the interfacial compatibility between the g-HAP and the PLLA matrix. Compared with the HAP/PLLA composites, the bending strength and bending modulus of the g-HAP/PLLA composites were obviously enhanced, which was proportional to the nHAP:nL-LA ratio. The result of POM showed that the g-HAP particles acted as an effective heterogeneous nucleating agent in the g-HAP/PLLA composite. Fibroblasts culture indicated that the g-HAP/PLLA composites had better cytocompatibility than PLLA and HAP/PLLA composites. Hence, g-HAP/PLLA composites will be a promising material for bone tissue engineering.

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Influence of silane/MaPE dual coupling agents on the rheological and mechanical properties of sawdust/rubber/HDPE composites

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf-2018-0181 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

pp. 605-611

Author(s):

Xinwu Xu ◽

Ling Chen ◽

Jingquan Han ◽

Xianxu Zhan

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Extrusion Process ◽

High Density ◽

Coupling Agents ◽

Ground Tire Rubber ◽

Bending Modulus ◽

Coupling System ◽

Recycled Rubber

Abstract Proper utilization of recycled rubber is of high environmental and resource concern. In this study, a composite (COMP) was created based on high-density fiberboard sawdust (HDFS), ground tire rubber (GTR) particles and virgin high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with the ratio of HDFS:GTR:HDPE=30:21:49 and with 1% PE wax as lubricant. A dual coupling agent system, i.e. bis-(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT, up to 5% based on the COMP total weight) together with maleated polyethylene (MaPE, 3, 5 and 8% based on the COMP weight), was applied. The rheological properties of the hybrid during the extrusion process was evaluated in a HAAKE miniLab rheometer, and the bending and tensile properties of injected COMP were tested. The results showed that addition of MaPE and TESPT has an evident influence on the shear viscosity and stress of the COMP fluid, and the two coupling chemicals have synergetic effects. Increased content of MaPE and/or TESPT improved the tensile and bending strength of the COMP, while excessive addition of TESPT (over 1%) decreased the bending modulus. To conclude, a dual coupling system, 5% MaPE plus 1% TESPT, seems to be advantageous for the COMP behavior.

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Effect of gamma radiation and bulk monomer on jute fabrics polyethylene/polyvinyl chloride composites

Journal of Polymer Engineering ◽

10.1515/polyeng-2012-0004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (4-5) ◽

pp. 301-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Haydar U. Zaman ◽

Mubarak A. Khan ◽

Ruhul A. Khan

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Gamma Radiation ◽

Polyvinyl Chloride ◽

Soil Degradation ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Tensile Modulus ◽

Bending Modulus ◽

Degradation Tests ◽

Jute Fabrics ◽

Scanning Electron

Abstract Jute fabrics reinforced polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and laminates of alternate PE and PVC matrices-based composites (50 wt% fiber) were prepared by compression molding. The values of tensile strength (TS), bending strength (BS), impact strength (IS), tensile modulus (TM) and bending modulus (BM) of the 60% PE+40% PVC hybrid matrices-based composites were found to be 55.2 MPa, 59.4 MPa, 24.0 kJ/m2, 1.59 GPa and 1.72 GPa, respectively. Gamma radiation (2–8 kGy doses) was applied on PE, PVC and jute fabrics, and then composites were fabricated. The values of TS, BS, IS, TM and BM of the irradiated (4 kGy) composites were found to improve by 15, 18, 23, 13 and 12% over non-irradiated composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water uptake and soil degradation tests of untreated and treated composites were also investigated.

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Properties of Alpinia galanga Agro-Waste-HDPE Composites with Addition of MA-g-PE and Eco Degradant

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.534.75 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 534 ◽

pp. 75-80

Author(s):

Mustapha Rohani ◽

Mohamad Awang ◽

Asmadi Ali ◽

Ali Noraaini ◽

Adhha Abdullah Mohd Aidil

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Fiber Composites ◽

Molding Machine ◽

Alpinia Galanga ◽

Fiber Loading ◽

Treated Fiber ◽

Internal Mixer ◽

Thermal Stability Of ◽

Scanning Electron

Preparation of Alpinia galanga agro waste-high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites involved the addition of eco degradant and polyethylene-g-maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA). The Alpinia galanga agro waste fibers at 3, 6, 10 and 15 wt% were compounded in an internal mixer with the addition of 5 wt% MA-g-PE and eco degradant. The composite specimens were prepared using an injection molding machine. The results show that the maximum tensile strength of 33 MPa was obtained for sodium hydroxide (NaOH) & 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APE) treated fiber composites with eco degradant and MA-g-PE at 15 wt% fiber loading compared to that of pristine HDPE (28 MPa). All the treated composites show an improvement in tensile strength. This indicates that the treatments using NaOH&3-APE and p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) with addition of eco degradant and PE-g-MA improved adhesion between Alpinia galanga fiber and HDPE matrix. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs show the presence of a improved interaction between treated Alpinia galanga fibers and HDPE matrix with the addition of eco degradant and MA-g-PE. Thermal stability of composites was also improved for composites with treated fibers.

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Chitin Fiber and Chitosan 3D Composite Rods

International Journal of Polymer Science ◽

10.1155/2010/369759 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zhengke Wang ◽

Qiaoling Hu ◽

Lei Cai

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Layer Structure ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Bending Modulus ◽

Acid Aqueous Solution ◽

3D Composite ◽

Thermal Stability Of

Chitin fiber (CHF) and chitosan (CS) 3D composite rods with layer-by-layer structure were constructed by in situ precipitation method. CHF could not be dissolved in acetic acid aqueous solution, but CS could be dissolved due to the different deacetylation degree (D.D) between CHF and CS. CHF with undulate surfaces could be observed using SEM to demonstrate that the sufficiently rough surfaces and edges of the fiber could enhance the mechanical combining stress between fiber and matrix. XRD indicated that the crystallinity of CHF/CS composites decreased and CS crystal plane d-spacing of CHF/CS composites became larger than that of pure CS rod. TG analysis showed that mixing a little amount of CHF could enhance thermal stability of CS rod, but when the content of CHF was higher than the optimum amount, its thermal stability decreased. When 0.5% CHF was added into CS matrix, the bending strength and bending modulus of the composite rods arrived at 114.2 MPa and 5.2 GPa, respectively, increased by 23.6% and 26.8% compared with pure CS rods, indicating that CHF/CS composite rods could be a better candidate for bone fracture internal fixation.

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Effect of Oxidizing Agents on Thermo-Mechanical Behavior of Jute Fabric-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.1127 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 123-125 ◽

pp. 1127-1130 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jahangir A. Khan ◽

Mubarak A. Khan ◽

Nazia Rahman

Keyword(s):

Bending Strength ◽

Potassium Dichromate ◽

Tensile Modulus ◽

Polypropylene Composites ◽

Oxidizing Agents ◽

Bending Modulus ◽

Hydrophilic Nature ◽

Jute Fabrics ◽

The Stability ◽

Thermal Stability Of

Jute fabrics reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared by compression molding. Tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), bending strength (BS), bending modulus (BM) and impact strength (IS) of the composites were studied. To investigate the effect of oxidizing agents on the properties of the composites, jute fabrics were treated separately with the aqueous solutions of (0.005-0.05%w/v) potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and (0.0025-0.04%w/v) potassium permanganate (KMnO4). The highest values of mechanical properties were reported for 0.02% K2Cr2O7 and 0.01% KMnO4 treatment. Thermal analysis of PP, treated and untreated jute fabrics and composites revealed that KMnO4 treatment lowers the thermal stability of the jute fabrics and composite. On the other hand, K2Cr2O7 treatment increases the stability of the fibers and composites. Hydrophilic nature of the treated composites was also reduced significantly.

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Effect of Type and Concentration of Ionomer Compatibilizer on the Hdpe/ Ionomer/ Clay Nanocomposites Morphology

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.644.17 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 644 ◽

pp. 17-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. López-García ◽

Saul Sánchez-Valdés ◽

L.F. Ramos de Valle

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Clay Nanocomposites ◽

Screw Extruder ◽

Melt Mixing ◽

X Ray ◽

Twin Screw ◽

Thermal Stability Of ◽

Cloisite 20A ◽

Scanning Electron

A study of the effect of an ionomer compatibilizer (surlyn® 9520 and 9721, both with zinc as the neutralizing cation) on the morphology and properties of a high density polyethylene (HDPE) - montmorillonite clay nanocomposite was carried out. The nanoclay used was cloisite 20A®. Polyethylene /Ionomer /Clay nanocomposites were prepared via melt mixing in a twin screw extruder. The nanoclay dispersion and exfoliation were examined through X-Ray Difraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). TGA was carried out to determine the effect of nanoclay on the thermal stability of the HDPE nanocomposites. Results showed that both ionomers impart a marked compatibility between the polymer and the nanoclay, promoting the exfoliation of the nanoclay within the HDPE matrix. Nonetheless, ionomer 9520 (with the higher degree of neutralization) at 10 and 12 wt% content produced completely exfoliated morphologies, whereas, the ionomer 9721 produced a lesser degree of exfoliation with few tactoids.

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Thermo-mechanical, Degradation, and Interfacial Properties of Jute Fiber-reinforced PET-based Composite

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0892705711401846 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 889-898 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

T. Huq ◽

A. Khan ◽

T. Akter ◽

N. Noor ◽

K. Dey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Soil Degradation ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Tensile Modulus ◽

Jute Fiber ◽

Mechanical Degradation ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Elongation At Break ◽

Bending Modulus ◽

Scanning Electron

Jute fiber-reinforced polyethylene terephthalate (PET) matrix composite was prepared by compression molding. Tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), elongation at break (Eb%), bending strength (BS), bending modulus (BM), impact strength (IS), and hardness of the composites (50% fiber by weight) were found to be 56 MPa, 1950 MPa, 5%, 73 MPa, 3620 MPa, 24 kJ/m2, and 97 Shore-A, respectively. After 6 weeks of soil degradation, composites lost 28.5% and 24.6% of their original TS and BS, respectively. Interfacial characterization was performed by scanning electron microscope.

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Facile preparation of nanofiller-paper using mixed office paper without deinking

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj14.3.167 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 167-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

QIANQIAN WANG ◽

J.Y. ZHU

Keyword(s):

Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽

Ash Content ◽

Raw Material ◽

Mechanical Grinding ◽

Microscope Imaging ◽

Facile Preparation ◽

Electron Microscope Imaging ◽

Thermal Stability Of ◽

Scanning Electron ◽

Office Paper

Mixed office paper (MOP) pulp without deinking with an ash content of 18.1 ± 1.5% was used as raw material to produce nanofiller-paper. The MOP pulp with filler was mechanically fibrillated using a laboratory stone grinder. Scanning electron microscope imaging revealed that the ground filler particles were wrapped by cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), which substantially improved the incorporation of filler into the CNF matrix. Sheets made of this CNF matrix were densified due to improved bonding. Specific tensile strength and modulus of the nanofiller-paper with 60-min grinding reached 48.4 kN·m/kg and 8.1 MN·m/kg, respectively, approximately 250% and 200% of the respective values of the paper made of unground MOP pulp. Mechanical grinding duration did not affect the thermal stability of the nanofiller-paper.

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