scholarly journals The Effects of Defective Spatial Structure on the Agricultural Property Market

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-192
Author(s):  
Anna Bielska ◽  
Tomasz Budzyński ◽  
Wioleta Krupowicz
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Transaction Prices ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Property Price ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Abstract Rural areas in Poland are distinguished by one of the worst spatial structures of individual land properties in the European Union. The least favourable structure occurs in the southern and south-eastern part of the country, where it results in farms losing 20-30% of their agricultural revenue. The bad spatial organisation of land is also reflected in transaction prices obtained for agricultural land. Considering criteria such as: land management, parcel area, width, and elongation (length to width ratio), and soil bonitation value, this paper determines the effect of each of the criteria separately on the development of transaction prices of agricultural land in the years 2009-2014 in selected villages in the southern part of the Cegłów (Mińsk district, Mazowieckie province), distinguished by the unfavourable spatial structure of agricultural land. Meeting this objective involved the application of the analytical capacity of the Geographic Information Systems (GIS), cadastral data base, soil-agricultural map vector, study of the conditions and directions of the spatial management of the Cegłów area, and the property price and value register. The obtained study results suggest that in areas with particularly defective spatial structure, land with parameters permitting its efficient use, i.e. with proper width and elongation is particularly valuable. Another parameter determining the level of obtained prices is the bonitation value, although it is of less importance for the analysed area than for agricultural areas with proper management conditions.

scholarly journals Specific features of development of selected agricultural problematic areas in the land consolidation process

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Wójcik-Leń ◽  
Katarzyna Sobolewska-Mikulska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Agricultural Areas

AbstractDevelopment of the Polish agriculture and its production abilities are spatially diversified. At present, in Poland agricultural areas may be distinguished which may successfully compete with the agriculture in the European Union countries. However, areas where private farms run their businesses on the verge of profitability or below also exist in Poland. Those areas are called agricultural problematic areas (OPR), depression areas, areas not useful for agricultural purposes, marginal lands etc. It is estimated that OPR covers over 60-70% of our country. Land consolidation is the process which improves the spatial structure of rural areas, including problematic areas. When this geodetic process is performed it is possible to interpret specific features of selected agricultural problematic areas and to propose alternative and the most effective ways of development of the discussed areas. As a result of those agricultural-and-development operations rural areas are becoming competitive and improve the living conditions. However, they are performed on a very small scale, in recent years this area is about 5900 hectares per year.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Symmetry of Statistical Methods Applied for the Identification of Agricultural Areas

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 664
Author(s):  
Justyna Wójcik-Leń ◽  
Przemysław Leń
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Real Property ◽  
Agricultural Areas

The main priorities of the common agricultural policies of the European Union (EU) are improvement of the quality of life in rural areas for their inhabitants as well as the optimum utilisation of rural resources. The most efficient tools to improve the management conditions and utilise the potential of land are land consolidation works aimed at creating more favourable management conditions in agriculture and forestry through improving the territorial structure of farms, forests and forestland; the reasonable configuration of land, aligning the limits of real properties with the system of irrigation; and drainage facilities, roads and terrain. The development of agriculture in Poland and its production capacity are considerably differentiated in terms of space. At present, Poland has agricultural areas which, in many respects, have a chance of competing with agriculture in the other member states of the European Union. However, in some areas, agricultural production run by private farms owned by individuals is on the verge of falling below the limit of profitability or falls below the limit of profitability. Currently, Poland lacks tools (strategies) allowing identification of land for intensive agricultural production as well as information about agricultural land that should be developed for non-agricultural purposes. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a methodology for identifying similar areas using available tools that can facilitate reliable identification of the areas relating to the indicated factors. Taxonomic methods can be used for clustering purposes. The study materials are data derived from real property register databases referring to one of the districts (poviats) situated in east-central Poland. As a final result, a method of clustering villages according to similar land-use categories was developed. It was created using two independent statistical methods: Ward’s method and the complete-linkage method. The highest consistency was observed in two groups of identified types of areas sharing very similar characteristics. A high index of similarity of both methods—the so-called Rand index—testified to the reliability of the results of calculations. The results of clustering corresponded to a large extent to actual features defining the use of land in the analysed villages as well as the terrain relief.

scholarly journals A Proposed Land Exchange Algorithm for Eliminating the External Plot Patchwork

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Żanna Stręk ◽  
Przemysław Leń ◽  
Justyna Wójcik-Leń ◽  
Paweł Postek ◽  
Monika Mika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Exchange Algorithm ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Structure Improvement ◽  
Land Exchange

In many countries of the world, rural areas are characterized by a defective spatial structure of agricultural land. The most frequent defects are large fragmentation and distribution of farmland. The fragmentation of land has been an issue widely described by many authors throughout the world. The problem of the distribution of land owned by individual farmers is slightly different, since due to the complexity of the problem this issue was not widely explored in Poland (plot patchwork) or in other countries of Europe and the world. Land fragmentation and distribution of plots in rural areas has a negative effect on the profitability and efficiency of agricultural production. Land consolidation and exchange is an operation facilitating spatial structure improvement. The authors attempted to develop a universal land exchange algorithm for eliminating the external plot patchwork. As it turns out, so far no land exchange algorithm has been developed. Specific analyses were carried out in Puchaczów commune, county of Łęczna, Lublin voivodeship in the eastern part of Poland, covering an area of 6907.80 ha, split into 15,211 plots. The chequerboard arrays method was used. The publication presents the algorithm and its practical application using a test sample. A result of the studies is a proposal concerning the exchange of land between landowners in the villages of the commune of Puchaczów. Using the algorithm, the area of individual lands in the commune, after the exchange, will increase by 172.09 ha, which is 2.5% for the area of individual lands, and 1.9% for the commune.

Conversion of Waste Into Different By-Products of Economic Value in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 259-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khursheed Ahmad Wani ◽  
Ashaq Ahmad Dar ◽  
Azad Gull ◽  
Lutfah Ariana
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
By Products

The management of solid waste has become a major problem even in rural areas of India, due to shrinkage of agricultural land and depletion of forest areas. During the recent past, people in rural areas were decomposing the waste, and finally, it was used as a manure in their agricultural areas. However, the trend is completely changing the Indian scenario of converting the backyard waste into manure. Now with the help of scientific knowledge, the waste is utilized as an energy resource, and waste from the rural areas is considered a raw material for this process. Different technologies in India are available to convert waste into energy apart from the technologies that have impact on the environment.

scholarly journals The impact of linear investments on the spatial structure of agricultural regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 00011
Author(s):  
Edward Preweda
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Regions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

Linear investments cause irreversible changes in the existing shape and way of using the land located alongside it. In the case of the construction of the highway, these lands are mostly located in rural areas and prior to construction, they were used mostly in agriculture. Losses resulting from such investments affect the natural environment and landscape. Along the impact zone wind conditions change, also exhaust emissions and noise increase. Investors try to avoid the design of wide protection zones of greenery, due to the cost of buying a larger area of land and they usually use it only when it is necessary. Severe ecological losses result from land degradation, disturbances in the drainage system and changes in water relations. Such investments also have a negative impact on the profitability of agricultural holdings, in particular organic farms. The market value of land adjacent to the motorway is also decreasing. Often, on both sides of the motorway there remain land with a small area, access to the ground is difficult or even impossible. In order to reduce the negative impact of linear investments on the spatial structure of agricultural areas, infrastructure integration is carried out. The implementation of consolidations related to the construction of motorways in Poland is not a common and frequent phenomenon, which lacks concrete plans and schemes of actions. The paper presents the objectives of consolidation in the area of the village of Szczepanow in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship.

scholarly journals European Union Water Policy in Aspect of Rural Areas Development

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Edward Pierzgalski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Agriculture And Environment ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Agriculture and environment are among others the most important priorities of the European Union. Agriculture is strongly influenced by the state of the environment, including water resources. In addition to many other policies, the EU water policy is crucial for the sustainable development of rural areas. Directives are the main tools for implementation of water policy. This article contains an overview of the directives on aspects of quality and quantity of water resources. Within the paper three most important agricultural areas of the Directive are characterized: the Water Framework Directive, the Floods Directive and the Nitrates Directive. Presented mandatory EU action aimed at their implementation and the problems associated with it. Current proposals for changes in the EU water policy are described.

scholarly journals Czekanowski’s Diagram and Spatial Data Cluster Analysis for Planning Sustainable Development of Rural Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11404
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Oleniacz
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Result Interpretation

Defects in the spatial structure of agricultural land resulting from the common phenomenon of land fragmentation constitute one of the most important factors that contribute to the lack of rational land management. Reconstruction of the spatial structure of rural areas is essential for their sustainable development. The process of land consolidation is a tool that can arrange space and lead to the desired structural changes. It is reasonable to select objects for land consolidation in such a way as to obtain the best possible effect. This article presents an algorithm for grouping areas with the concentration of the external land ownership patchwork with the use of Czekanowski’s method of cluster analysis. The clusters determined this way can be treated as the whole objects subjected to land consolidation, for which the process will bring the greatest benefits in terms of the elimination of the external land ownership patchwork. The described algorithm is relatively simple to use and the graphical final form is easy for the result interpretation. It allows for multi-variant examination of the analyzed phenomenon and can be applied wherever there is access to reliable information from land registry and cadastral and GIS databases that are used to obtain a complete picture of the spatial and ownership structure of the analyzed areas.

scholarly journals The hierarchization of needs related to land consolidation and exchange in rural areas in the villages of district Leżajsk

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 00005
Author(s):  
Justyna Wójcik-Leń ◽  
Przemysław Leń
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Land Art ◽  
Hierarchy Of Needs ◽  
Territorial Structure

Rural areas in Poland are characterized by differentiated spatial structure. The spatial structure of rural areas can be improved through the consolidation and exchange of land (Art.1, Act of 26 March 1982 on consolidation and exchange of land) aiming to create more favourable management conditions in agriculture and forestry by improving the territorial structure of farms, forests and forestland, reasonable configuration of land, aligning the limits of real properties with the system of water irrigation facilities, roads and terrain. In connection with such a requirement for the consolidation and exchange of land, a hierarchy of needs and their urgency must be established. Such an approach makes it possible to secure funds for liquidating the spatial structure of agricultural land according to the urgency ranking. The studies were carried out in the rural areas of the Leżajsk poviat.

scholarly journals Agricultural Abandonment in Chosen Terrain Attributes Context – Case Study from the Poľana Unesco Biosphere Reserve (Central Slovakia)

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-351
Author(s):  
Matej Masný ◽  
Karol Weis ◽  
Martin Boltižiar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Abandonment ◽  
Terrain Attributes ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Steep Slopes

Abstract Agricultural land in many post-socialist countries passed through a similar scenario of eminent changes in the past decades. One of the important milestones was the process of collectivisation (in 1950−1970), transformation to market-oriented economy (after 1989) and the following integration into the European Union. These changes were often attended by the process of agricultural abandonment. This paper presents an approach to the evaluation of agricultural abandonment by analysis of land use change in chosen terrain attributes (slope levels and altitude levels) context. It studies the area of a northern part of the Poľana UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) Biosphere reserve that represents mountain agricultural landscape. All of the analyses were realised in GIS (geographic information systems), based on the orthophotos that represented the land use structure in 1949, 1986 and 2006. Dramatic decrease in real usage of agricultural areas attended by the process of secondary succession was observed especially in steep slopes and higher altitude levels. To quantify the changes, landscape metrics such as class area (CA), number of patches (NP) and mean patch size (MPS) were used. Changes in landscape classes had an influence on landscape diversity. It was expressed by decrease in Shannon‘s diversity index (SDI) and Shannon‘s evenness index (SEI).

scholarly journals Theoretical principles of the state land market regulation in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Melnyk ◽  
Hanna Chyrva ◽  
Oleh Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Regulatory Reform ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
State Management ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Creation

The agricultural land reformation is only the beginning of a large-scale and complex work on the settlement of land relations. The purpose of the research. There are described the theoretical positions and principles of the land market introduction in Ukraine, its regulation and creation of the corresponding legally-regulative framework in modern economic conditions. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the dialectic method of reality’s knowledge, a systematic approach to the socio-economic phenomena’s study, theoretical researches of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on the issues of formation and functioning of the land market, legislative and other regulatory documents on the development issues in market conditions. The research methodology includes the system of generally scientific and special methods of the economic phenomena and processes’ study. Results. The urgent need to complete the creation of infrastructure conditions, legislative and regulatory reform, which will promote the creation of a more efficient owner and ensure further intensive development of the Ukrainian agrarian sector, is substantiated. It is noted that functioning of the agricultural land market is an important step for further socio-economic development of Ukraine, including rural areas, on the basis of ecological principles, which will be the subject of further scientific research. It has been determined that land resources are the most valuable component of Ukrainian national wealth and one of the main factors of the economic development of our country, which would enable Ukraine to take an active part in solving world food problems and thereby provide a worthy place in the world. Practical meaning. It is noted that in the current Ukrainian realities the normative-legal base in the field of state management of land resources is characterized by imperfection in approaches and principles regarding the main provisions, as well as the presence of contradictions in the existing legislation. It was established that the reform of the land market should promote the efficient use of land resources and promote their rational use. This requires the participation of the state in regulating the use of land resources, not only at the organizational and legal level, but also as an active land owner, which stimulates market processes. Prospects for further research. It is determined that for the effective functioning of the land market it is necessary to provide formal and material guarantees of ownership and circulation, the stability of the state and local policies regarding land real estate, investors, the formation of an effective system of spatial planning, etc.

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