scholarly journals The impact of linear investments on the spatial structure of agricultural regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 00011
Author(s):  
Edward Preweda
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Regions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

Linear investments cause irreversible changes in the existing shape and way of using the land located alongside it. In the case of the construction of the highway, these lands are mostly located in rural areas and prior to construction, they were used mostly in agriculture. Losses resulting from such investments affect the natural environment and landscape. Along the impact zone wind conditions change, also exhaust emissions and noise increase. Investors try to avoid the design of wide protection zones of greenery, due to the cost of buying a larger area of land and they usually use it only when it is necessary. Severe ecological losses result from land degradation, disturbances in the drainage system and changes in water relations. Such investments also have a negative impact on the profitability of agricultural holdings, in particular organic farms. The market value of land adjacent to the motorway is also decreasing. Often, on both sides of the motorway there remain land with a small area, access to the ground is difficult or even impossible. In order to reduce the negative impact of linear investments on the spatial structure of agricultural areas, infrastructure integration is carried out. The implementation of consolidations related to the construction of motorways in Poland is not a common and frequent phenomenon, which lacks concrete plans and schemes of actions. The paper presents the objectives of consolidation in the area of the village of Szczepanow in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONDISI SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT ATAS KEBERADAAN TAMAN NASIONAL TANJUNG PUTING DI KELURAHAN KUMAI HULU KABUPATEN KOTAWARINGIN BARAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Nindra Nindra ◽  
Arfa Agustina Rezekiah ◽  
Daniel Itta
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The People ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village ◽  
New Jobs

The socioeconomic aspects of the community around the ecotourism site will have an impact on the existence of community-based ecotourism, as well as the existence of Tanjung Puting National Park. This research aims to analyze the impact of Tanjung Puting National Park on the socio-economic condition of the people of Kumai Hulu Village. The location of the research was chosen the location of the village closest to TNTP. A sample of 98 respondents was taken purposively sampling on the grounds of the location of the village closest to ecotourism. Research methods by conducting interviews, observations and documentation. The data analysis used in this study is qualitative descriptive analysis. The impact of TNTP on social conditions in Kumai Hulu Village is high and for economic conditions is being seen with increasing economic opportunities such as trade, lodging and klotok transportation business. Tourism development will certainly have an impact on the conditions around tourism, both in the form of positive impacts such as improving people's living standards by creating new jobs and increasing people's incomes. The negative impact with this TNTP such as the price of basic and local goods increased and the cost of building facilities and infrastructure also increased.Aspek sosial ekonomi masyarakat yang ada disekitar lokasi ekowisata akan berdampak terhadap keberadaan ekowisata berbasis masyarakat, begitu pun dengan adanya Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisisis dampak Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat Kelurahan Kumai Hulu. Penetapan lokasi penelitian dipilih lokasi kelurahan yang paling dekat dengan TNTP. Sampel responden untuk dilakukan wawancara berjumlah 98 orang yang diambil secara purposive sampling dengan alasan lokasi kelurahan yang paling dekat dengan ekowisata. Metode penelitian dengan melakukan wawancara, observasi serta dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Dampak adanya TNTP terhadap kondisi sosial di Kelurahan Kumai Hulu adalah tinggi dan untuk kondisi ekonomi adalah sedang hal ini terlihat dengan meningkatnya peluang ekonomi seperti perdagangan, penginapan serta usaha transportasi klotok. Pengembangan pariwisata tentu saja akan memberikan dampak terhadap kondisi sekitar pariwisata, baik berupa dampak positif seperti meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat dengan menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan baru serta meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat. Dampak negative dengan adanya TNTP ini seperti harga barang-barang pokok dan lokal meningkat dan biaya pembangunan sarana dan prasarana juga meningkat.

scholarly journals The Impact of Debt Burden on the Number of Suicides in the Russian Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-117
Author(s):  
Svetlana Doroshenko ◽  
◽  
Olga Sanaeva ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Debt Burden ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Impact

Population size is one of the most important parameters of national social and economic systems. This parameter is controlled by a variety of factors (components) that form ambiguous and complex feedback circuits. The most important issue is the study of the behavioral reactions of the population, which form certain parameters of the dynamics of the population. The authors consider only one behavioral reaction that seems to them to be important – the propensity for suicide, which ultimately leads to the formation of the suicide dynamics and which entails serious socio-economic and demographic losses. We put an emphasis on assessing the impact of financial parameters, namely households’ debt burden, on the suicide rates in the Russian regions. An econometric assessment of the influence of individual debt on the number of suicides among other socio-economic factors (unemployment rate, logarithm of GRP per capita, divorce rate, number of patients with mental disorders, average actual working week, number of alcoholics) was carried out for the regions among rural, urban populations and total. We use panel data for 80 Russian regions covering the period from 2005 to 2018. We apply the generalized method of moments (GMM) using Stata 14 statistical package. The empirical analysis demonstrates negative impact of the amount of individual debt on the number of suicides in the regions of Russia, which contradicts the results of similar studies conducted for developed economies. At the same time, some results obtained earlier in domestic and foreign studies have been confirmed, including an existence of a parabolic (U-shaped) dependence between the length of working hours and the suicide rates in the regions of the Russian Federation. In addition, there is a direct connection between an increase in the committed suicides and an increase in divorce rates and the number of patients with mental disorders. Moreover, we find out that the rise in unemployment rate and alcohol consumption leads to an increase in the number of committed suicides. This effect is especially perceptible among the people living in rural areas

scholarly journals Trends in crop production as a factor of ensuring food security of the Perm Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 213 (10) ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Shalaeva
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sown Area ◽  
Perm Region

Abstract. Goal. The assessment of the main trends in the activity of agricultural producers in crop production was carried out in order to substantiate the possibilities of the Perm Region for self-sufficiency with the main types of food resources in the presence of adverse effects of natural and climatic conditions. Methods. A statistical analysis was carried out using grouping and comparison methods based on the official statistics of the Perm Region for 2016-2020. Results. In accordance with the social and geographical specifics of the Perm Region, on the territory of which rural areas predominate, the largest volume of crop production is produced in the households of the population (up to 58 %), whose activities are characterized by the lowest level of stability and are more susceptible to the negative impact of natural and climatic conditions. The activity of agricultural organizations (share up to 36 %) and farms (share up to 8 %) is more stable. A higher level of dependence on natural and climatic conditions was revealed in the field of potato production, a lower level – in the field of grain and vegetables production of protected soil. The risk is reinforced by the fact that up to 70 % of the natural volume of potatoes and more than 80% of vegetables are produced in households. With a decrease in the total sown area by 1.2 %, there is a decrease in the sown area of potatoes by 15 % and vegetables by 6 %. The identified trends allowed us to identify the risk of reducing the level of food self-sufficiency of the Perm Region with potatoes and vegetables. The insecurity of domestic potato consumption in the Perm Region is, according to preliminary data, 13 % in 2020. The presence of risk was also revealed for vegetables, the internal consumption of the region was provided with vegetable products of its own production by an average of 56% during the study period. The results obtained allow us to identify the directions of optimization of the Perm Region strategy in solving the problems of food self-sufficiency. Scientific novelty. The dynamics of factors of crop production (structure, yield, acreage, intensification) is assessed taking into account the social, geographical, natural and climatic specifics of the Perm Region through the prism of the impact on the regional food balance and the level of self-sufficiency of the region with potatoes and vegetables.

scholarly journals Improved Compact Cuckoo Search Algorithm Applied to Location of Drone Logistics Hub

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeng-Shyang Pan ◽  
Pei-Cheng Song ◽  
Shu-Chuan Chu ◽  
Yan-Jun Peng
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Cuckoo Search ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Cuckoo Search Algorithm ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Village

Drone logistics can play an important role in logistics at the end of the supply chain and special environmental logistics. At present, drone logistics is in the initial development stage, and the location of drone logistics hubs is an important issue in the optimization of logistics systems. This paper implements a compact cuckoo search algorithm with mixed uniform sampling technology, and, for the problem of weak search ability of the algorithm, this paper combines the method of recording the key positions of the search process and increasing the number of generated solutions to achieve further improvements, as well as implements the improved compact cuckoo search algorithm. Then, this paper uses 28 test functions to verify the algorithm. Aiming at the problem of the location of drone logistics hubs in remote areas or rural areas, this paper establishes a simple model that considers the traffic around the village, the size of the village, and other factors. It is suitable for selecting the location of the logistics hub in advance, reducing the cost of drone logistics, and accelerating the large-scale application of drone logistics. This paper uses the proposed algorithm for testing, and the test results indicate that the proposed algorithm has strong competitiveness in the proposed model.

scholarly journals Minimizing the Impact of Large Freight Vehicles in the City: A Multicriteria Vision for Route Planning and Type of Vehicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Ezquerro ◽  
Juan P. Romero ◽  
Jose L. Moura ◽  
Juan Benavente ◽  
Ángel Ibeas
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Total System ◽  
City Network ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Freight Vehicles

The impact of freight transport in cities is significant, and as such correct planning and management thereof help reduce their enormous negative impact. Above all, the special large vehicles have a greater impact than the remainder of freight vehicles, so a special attention should be paid to them. The vehicles which supply or pick up large amounts of goods at specific points throughout the city are an example of this type of vehicles. The aim of this paper is to minimize the cost of this freight transport type from a social, economic, and environmental viewpoint. To this effect, an optimization model has been proposed based on bilevel mathematical programming which minimizes the total system costs. City network model data are obtained on the lower level such as vehicle flow and travelling times, which are then used on the upper level to calculate total system costs. The model has been applied to a real case in Santander (Spain), whose final result shows the size and typology of the fleet of vehicles necessary to have the least impact on the city. The greater the vehicles size is (i.e., using fewer trucks), the less the cost of the freight transport is.

scholarly journals The Effects of Defective Spatial Structure on the Agricultural Property Market

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-192
Author(s):  
Anna Bielska ◽  
Tomasz Budzyński ◽  
Wioleta Krupowicz
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Transaction Prices ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Property Price ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Abstract Rural areas in Poland are distinguished by one of the worst spatial structures of individual land properties in the European Union. The least favourable structure occurs in the southern and south-eastern part of the country, where it results in farms losing 20-30% of their agricultural revenue. The bad spatial organisation of land is also reflected in transaction prices obtained for agricultural land. Considering criteria such as: land management, parcel area, width, and elongation (length to width ratio), and soil bonitation value, this paper determines the effect of each of the criteria separately on the development of transaction prices of agricultural land in the years 2009-2014 in selected villages in the southern part of the Cegłów (Mińsk district, Mazowieckie province), distinguished by the unfavourable spatial structure of agricultural land. Meeting this objective involved the application of the analytical capacity of the Geographic Information Systems (GIS), cadastral data base, soil-agricultural map vector, study of the conditions and directions of the spatial management of the Cegłów area, and the property price and value register. The obtained study results suggest that in areas with particularly defective spatial structure, land with parameters permitting its efficient use, i.e. with proper width and elongation is particularly valuable. Another parameter determining the level of obtained prices is the bonitation value, although it is of less importance for the analysed area than for agricultural areas with proper management conditions.

scholarly journals Modeling the impact assessment of agricultural sector on economic development as a basis for the country’s investment potential

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-240
Author(s):  
Alina Bukhtiarova ◽  
Arsen Hayriyan ◽  
Victor Chentsov ◽  
Sergii Sokol
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

In the context of countries integration into the world economic space, agricultural sector is one of the priorities and strategically important sectors of the national economy. Development of instruments aimed to increase investment potential of this sector is therefore an important component of the country’s economy growth. The article proposes a science-based model of the impact of the agricultural sector on the economic development level of countries trying to move towards European integration.It was found that the employment rate (+58.4) has the largest influence on the rate of GDP change in the studied group of countries (Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, Armenia). The impact of the gross value added of the manufacturing sector on its economic growth is positive (+44.6). The negative foreign direct investment ratio in the model (–40.3) may be due to the fact that the indicator in the studied countries is still largely influenced by the intervention of the state mechanism, significant uncertainty and risk, which is a deterrent to the overall economic development. An important result of the study was that foreign direct investment had a negative impact on economic growth in developing countries. Further development of the investment potential of a country’s agricultural sector provides for a radical acceleration of scientific and technological progress and, on this basis, a reduction in the cost of a unit of agricultural products and food and an increase in their competitiveness in the domestic and world markets.

scholarly journals The Cost of Lost Productivity due to Premature Chagas Disease-Related Mortality: Evidence from Colombia (2010-2017)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario J. Olivera ◽  
Francisco Palencia-Sánchez ◽  
Martha Riaño-Casallas
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Work Tenure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Mortality

Economic burden due to premature mortality has a negative impact not only in health system even though in the society. The aim of this study was to estimate the potential years of work tenure lost (PYWL) due to Chagas disease in Colombia from 2010-2017. National data on mortality by sex and ages between 15 and 62 dues to Chagas from 2010 to 2017. The PYWL methodology was applied to assess the impact of Chagas disease in workers who suffer from them. In total, 1,261 deaths were analyzed in the study, of which 60% corresponded to males. The loss of labor productivity caused by Chagas disease was estimated at $29 million. Overall, 48,621 PYWL were lost, and there was an average of 21 years for all subjects with Chagas. Throughout the analyzed period, PYWL increased substantially, and it is necessary to continue with early detection programs to avoid premature death in working age population.

scholarly journals Pengelolaan Dana Desa di Kecamatan Balong Kabupaten Ponorogo

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Maretha Berlianantiya Muhammad Ridwan Eka Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

<p><em>Poverty often occurs in rural areas rather than urban areas, low education which results in low quality of human resources and lack of access is often the cause of rural poverty. In addition, most of the economies of rural communities rely solely on the traditional agricultural sector. Various poverty reduction policies have been implemented, including village fund policies. This study aims to examine the management of village funds in the Balong sub-district of Madiun Regency with a case study in the villages of Tatung and Karangmojo villages covering the management of village funds in Tatung village and Karangmojo village. Balong Subdistrict and the impact of empowerment in the villages of Tatung and Karangmojo, Balong District. This research was conducted in Balong Subdistrict, Ponorogo Regency with a Case study in Tatung Village and Karangmojo Village with qualitative methods. In the village of Tatung village funds are managed as tourist villages with a focus on Paragliding tourist rides. Whereas in Karangmojo village it is used for Bumdes in the form of Lovebird birds, providing Gapoktan assistance, and infrastructure development.</em></p>

scholarly journals ISTERI SEBAGAI PENCARI NAFKAH UTAMA: Studi terhadap Perajin Kapuk di Desa Imogiri, Bantul, Yogyakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Siti Djazimah ◽  
Ihab Habudin
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Independence ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Wage Earners ◽  
Positive Traits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

Islam has expressly regulate the division of tasks and roles between husbands and wives fairly. Although the husband is obliged to provide sustenance for his wife and children, but the family law of Islam does not forbid a wife from helping her husband in making a living with her husband's consent and does not interfere with her obligations as a housewife. There is a wife in a family of craftsmen in the village of Tegal Kembang, Imogiri, Yogyakarta, which acts as the main breadwinners for their families. This article examines the wives who work as the wage earners by using the concept of maqa> s} id ash-shari'ah < 'ah. The impact that emerges of the role of the kapok craftsmen woman is more on the impacts that are in positive traits and it is associated with the hajjiy and daruriy needs. The wife who has an income has the economic independence power that can even sustain the needs of the family. Social interactions that occur in kapok craftsmen community, make a strong emotional connection between kapok craftsmen. While the social interaction with the "outside world" (consumers) clearly provides insight of the Kapok Craftsmen. As for the negative impact of the mother's role of Kapok craftsman towards parenting does not seem significant.[Islam secara tegas telah mengatur tentang pembagian tugas dan peran antara suami dan istri secara adil. Walaupun suami berkewajiban memberi nafkah kepada isteri dan anak-anaknya, tetapi hukum keluarga islam tidak melarang istri membantu suaminya dalam mencari nafkah dengan persetujuan suaminya dan tidak mengganggu kewajibannya sebagai seorang ibu rumah tangga. Ada istri pada keluarga perajin kapuk di dusun Tegal Kembang, Imogiri, Bantul,  Yogyakarta, yang berperan sebagai pencari nafkah utama bagi keluarganya. Tulisan ini mengkaji para isteri yang bekerja sebagai pencari nafkah dengan menggunakan konsep maqa>s}id asy-syari<‘ah. Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari peran yang dijalankan para ibu perajin kapuk adalah lebih pada dampak yang sifatnya positif dan hal ini terkait dengan kebutuhan yang sifatnya daruriy dan hajjiy. Para isteri yang mempunya penghasilan tersebut memiliki kemandirian dalam ekonomi bahkan dapat menopang kebutuhan keluarga. Interaksi sosial yang terjadi dalam komuitas perajin kapuk, menjadikan kuatnya hubungan emosional di antara perajin kapuk. Sementara  interaksi sosial dengan “dunia luar” (konsumen) jelas memberikan wawasan perajin kapuk semakin bertambah. Adapun dampak negatif peran ibu sebagai perajin kapuk terhadap pengasuhan anak tidak nampak secara signifikan.]

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