Device-to-Device Radio Link Analysis at 2.4, 3.4, 5.2, 28 and 60 GHz in Indoor Communication Environments

Frequenz ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
A. G. Sreedevi ◽  
T. Rama Rao ◽  
M. Susila
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
D2d Communication ◽  
Radio Link ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
60 Ghz ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Device To Device ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Device-to-device (D2D) communication has become one of the major areas of research ever since the industry was advancing to LTE and 5G. In this nascent stage of transformation, this research work characterizes the radio link behavior of D2D communication network in an indoor environment utilizing licensed and unlicensed band experiments and ray-tracing based simulations at frequencies of 2.4, 3.4, 5.2, 28 and 60 GHz. The path loss exponent (PLE) and standard deviation are estimated and compared with free space path loss (FSPL), log normal shadowing (LNS), International Telecommunication Union (ITU) model and also, compared with other research works. This work also studied the impact of indoor environments on D2D communications along with link budget, channel capacities and required performance improvements.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Capacity of the Indoor 60 GHz Band Via Modified Indoor Environments Using Ring Frequency Selective Surface Wallpapers and Path Loss Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3003
Author(s):  
Nidal Qasem
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Propagation Path ◽  
Delay Spread ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
60 Ghz ◽  
Loss Models ◽  
Frequency Selective ◽  
Ring Frequency

<span>The 60 GHz band has been selected for short-range communication systems to meet consumers’ needs for high data rates. However, this frequency is attenuated by obstacles. This study addresses the limitations of the 60 GHz band by modifying indoor environments with ring Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSSs) wallpaper, thereby increasing its utilization. The ring FSS wallpaper response at a 61.5 GHz frequency has been analyzed using both MATLAB and Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio (MWS) software. ‘Wireless InSite’ is also used to demonstrate enhanced wave propagation in a building modified with ring FSSs wallpaper. The demonstration is applied to Single Input Single Output (SISO) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems to verify the effectiveness of FSSs on such systems’ capacity. The effectiveness of the suggested modification over delay spread has been studied for the MIMO scenario, as well as the effect of the human body on capacity. Simulation results presented here show that modifying a building using ring FSS wallpaper is an attractive scheme for significantly improving the indoor 60 GHz wireless communications band. This paper also presents and compares two large-scale indoor propagation Path Loss Models (PLMs), the Close-In (CI) free space reference distance model and the Floating Intercept (FI) model. Data obtained from ‘Wireless InSite’ over distances ranging from 4 to 14.31 m is analyzed. Results show that the CI model provides good estimation and exhibits stable behavior over frequencies and distances, with a solid physical basis and less computational complexity when compared to the FI model. </span>

scholarly journals A Study on Propagation Models for 60 GHz Signals in Indoor Environments

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Carneiro de Souza ◽  
Celso Henrique de Souza Lopes ◽  
Rita de Cassia Carlleti dos Santos ◽  
Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Junior ◽  
Luciano Leonel Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Millimeter Waves ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
60 Ghz ◽  
Propagation Models

The millimeter-waves band will enable multi-gigabit data transmission due to the large available bandwidth and it is a promising solution for the spectrum scarcity below 6 GHz in future generations of mobile networks. In particular, the 60 GHz band will play a crucial role in providing high-capacity data links for indoor applications. In this context, this tutorial presents a comprehensive review of indoor propagation models operating in the 60 GHz band, considering the main scenarios of interest. Propagation mechanisms such as reflection, diffraction, scattering, blockage, and material penetration, as well as large-scale path loss, are discussed in order to obtain a channel model for 60 GHz signals in indoor environments. Finally, comparisons were made using data obtained from a measurement campaign available in the literature in order to emphasize the importance of developing accurate channel models for future wireless communication systems operating in millimeter-waves bands.

scholarly journals Analysis of Device-to-Device Communication over Double-Generalized Gamma Channels

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3265-3269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Hussain ◽  
A. ur R. Khan ◽  
H. Mehdi ◽  
S. M. A. Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Fading Channels ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Symbol Error Rate ◽  
D2d Communication ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Channel Fading ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Generalized Gamma ◽  
Device To Device

In this paper, performance of a device-to-device (D2D) communication system is analyzed over double-generalized Gamma (dGG) fading channels. The dGG is a generic distribution for modeling double-scattering fading conditions. Co-channel interference (CCI) caused by various wireless devices in the system is also considered. The CCI fading channel is assumed to be Nakagami distributed. Analytical expressions for important statistical metrics, i.e. probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of signal-to-interference ratio (SIR), are presented. Based on these statistical parameters, expressions for the outage probability, channel capacity and symbol error rate (SER) of the D2D communication system are presented. The performance of D2D system is then discussed and analyzed with the help of numerical results with arbitrary channel fading, path-loss and interference conditions.

scholarly journals Impact of Meteorological Attenuation on Channel Characterization at 300 GHz

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1115
Author(s):  
Zhengrong Lai ◽  
Haofan Yi ◽  
Ke Guan ◽  
Bo Ai ◽  
Wuning Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Delay Spread ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Rms Delay Spread ◽  
High Data ◽  
The Impact

Terahertz (THz) communication is a key candidate for the upcoming age of beyond-fifth-generation mobile networks (B5G) or sixth-generation mobile networks (6G) in the next decade and can achieve ultra-high data rates of dozens of gigabits or even terabits per second. As the carrier frequency increases from radio frequency (RF) to the THz band, the impact of meteorological factors on the wireless link is expected to become more pronounced. In this work, we first provide an overview of the attenuation caused by atmospheric gases, fog, and rain on terrestrial THz wireless communications using the recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union-Radiocommunication (ITU-R). Measured data from the literature are used to predict the attenuation caused by snow. Because unfavorable weather conditions may harm sensitive measurement equipment, ray-tracing (RT) simulations are sometimes used as an alternative to extend sparse empirical data. In this study, the terrestrial channel in an urban scenario at 300 GHz, with a bandwidth of 8 GHz, is characterized using RT simulations under different meteorological factors. The key performance parameters are explored, including path loss (PL), Rician K-factor (KF), root-mean-square (RMS) delay spread (DS), and four angular spreads. The channel characteristics under different meteorological conditions studied in this work are expected to aid the design of future outdoor terrestrial THz communications.

Piezoelectric β-polymorph formation of new textiles by surface modification with coating process based on interfacial interaction on the conformational variation of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) chains

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 31301
Author(s):  
Nabil Chakhchaoui ◽  
Rida Farhan ◽  
Meriem Boutaldat ◽  
Marwane Rouway ◽  
Adil Eddiai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Tetraethyl Orthosilicate ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Carbon Nanofillers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Advanced Applications

Novel textiles have received a lot of attention from researchers in the last decade due to some of their unique features. The introduction of intelligent materials into textile structures offers an opportunity to develop multifunctional textiles, such as sensing, reacting, conducting electricity and performing energy conversion operations. In this research work nanocomposite-based highly piezoelectric and electroactive β-phase new textile has been developed using the pad-dry-cure method. The deposition of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) − carbon nanofillers (CNF) − tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), Si(OCH2CH3)4 was acquired on a treated textile substrate using coating technique followed by evaporation to transform the passive (non-functional) textile into a dynamic textile with an enhanced piezoelectric β-phase. The aim of the study is the investigation of the impact the coating of textile via piezoelectric nanocomposites based PVDF-CNF (by optimizing piezoelectric crystalline phase). The chemical composition of CT/PVDF-CNC-TEOS textile was detected by qualitative elemental analysis (SEM/EDX). The added of 0.5% of CNF during the process provides material textiles with a piezoelectric β-phase of up to 50% has been measured by FTIR experiments. These results indicated that CNF has high efficiency in transforming the phase α introduced in the unloaded PVDF, to the β-phase in the case of nanocomposites. Consequently, this fabricated new textile exhibits glorious piezoelectric β-phase even with relatively low coating content of PVDF-CNF-TEOS. The study demonstrates that the pad-dry-cure method can potentially be used for the development of piezoelectric nanocomposite-coated wearable new textiles for sensors and energy harvesting applications. We believe that our study may inspire the research area for future advanced applications.

Microstructural and Mechanical Behaviour Evaluation of Mg-Al-Zn Alloy Friction Stir Welded Joint

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 8150-8159
Author(s):  
Kulwant Singh ◽  
Gurbhinder Singh ◽  
Harmeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
The Impact

The weight reduction concept is most effective to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases from vehicles, which also improves fuel efficiency. Amongst lightweight materials, magnesium alloys are attractive to the automotive sector as a structural material. Welding feasibility of magnesium alloys acts as an influential role in its usage for lightweight prospects. Friction stir welding (FSW) is an appropriate technique as compared to other welding techniques to join magnesium alloys. Field of friction stir welding is emerging in the current scenario. The friction stir welding technique has been selected to weld AZ91 magnesium alloys in the current research work. The microstructure and mechanical characteristics of the produced FSW butt joints have been investigated. Further, the influence of post welding heat treatment (at 260 °C for 1 h) on these properties has also been examined. Post welding heat treatment (PWHT) resulted in the improvement of the grain structure of weld zones which affected the mechanical performance of the joints. After heat treatment, the tensile strength and elongation of the joint increased by 12.6 % and 31.9 % respectively. It is proven that after PWHT, the microhardness of the stir zone reduced and a comparatively smoothened microhardness profile of the FSW joint obtained. No considerable variation in the location of the tensile fracture was witnessed after PWHT. The results show that the impact toughness of the weld joints further decreases after post welding heat treatment.

Serving the People in Long Beach, California: Advancing Justice for Southeast Asian Youth through Community University Research Partnerships

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
R. Varisa Patraporn
Keyword(s):  
Asian American ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Youth Empowerment ◽  
Long Beach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Research Partnerships ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
The People ◽  
The Impact

Khmer Girl’s in Action is a nonprofit that successfully utilizes community-based participatory research (CBPR) with university partners to create social change for youth in Long Beach, CA. Based on semi-structured interviews and content analysis of news articles, I explore the impact and sustainability of this research work and the research partnerships. Findings highlight impacts such as youth empowerment, heightened awareness around community needs, policy change, and CBPR curriculum improvements in the field as impacts. Sustainability requires integrating research into program funding, utilizing a tailored training curriculum, building on community members prior relationships, and selecting partners that share common goals, levels of commitment, and flexibility. As funders demand more data to justify community needs, understanding more examples of such work in the Asian American community will be useful for informing future partnerships.

Impacto de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones: Una mirada en la Educación Superior

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Virginia Mero Suárez ◽  
Edwin Joao Merchán Carreño ◽  
Ana Del Rocío Fernández Torres ◽  
Narcisa María Crespo Torres
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Educación Superior ◽  
Educational Design ◽  
Educacion Superior ◽  
The Impact

El artículo aborda la necesidad de la creatividad que se impone en la era actual del conocimiento y la importancia que  constituyen las tecnologías como herramientas indispensables en todas las esferas de la vida. En Trabajo toma como campo investigativo los cambios que se llevan a cabo en esta esfera en la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí y la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo, Ecuador, donde se toman como objeto el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en la Educación Superior. El objetivo de la investigación fue comunicar el impacto de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones en las Universidades, donde se hace énfasis en el nuevo rol de los docentes y su nuevo desempeño de facilitadores del aprendizaje en los educandos a través en los nuevos escenarios mediados por las tecnologías. Para el desarrollo exitoso de esta memoria investigativa se   usó como metodología instrumentos que se basaron fundamentalmente en documentos referativos que ayudaron a justificar el problema de investigación, el cual consistía fundamentalmente en el impacto de las nuevos  dispositivos tecnológicos y su utilidad en los centros de altos estudios del país. Se concluyó que las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación son herramientas indispensables en la docencia y al mismo tiempo la forma de intervenir en el diseño educativo que nos llevan a explorar nuevos métodos docentes en los escenarios educativos mediados por estas. Se constató además que estas herramientas favorecen satisfactoriamente al proceso si se tiene una buena preparación por parte del docente.   Palabras clave: Herramientas tecnológicas, universidades, formación, docencia universitaria, proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje Impact of information technology and communications: a look at higher education  Abstract The article states the need of the creativity that prevails in the current era of knowledge and the importance that technologies constitute in all spheres of life. In field research work it takes as changes take place in this area in Southern State University of Manabí and the Technical University of Babahoyo, Ecuador, where they are taken as an object the process of learning in higher education. The aim of the research was to communicate the impact of Information Technology and Communications in the universities, where the emphasis is on the new role of teachers and their new performance of facilitators of learning in students through the new scenarios mediated by technologies. For the successful development of this research report it was used as a methodology instruments based mainly on referative documents that helped to justify the research problem, which consisted mainly of the impact of new technological devices and their use in the centers of higher learning in the country. It was concluded that information technology and communication are indispensable tools in teaching and at the same time how to intervene in the educational design that lead us to explore new teaching methods in educational settings mediated by these. It was further found that these tools successfully promote the process if there is a good preparation by the teacher.

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