Anti-termitic potential of heartwood and bark extract and chemical compounds isolated from Madhuca utilis Ridl. H. J. Lam and Neobalanocarpus heimii King P. S. Ashton

Holzforschung ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 713-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roszaini Kadir ◽  
Norazah Mohd Ali ◽  
Zaini Soit ◽  
Zaitihaiza Khamaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Subterranean Termites ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Wood Extracts ◽  
Coptotermes Gestroi

Abstract The effect of wood extracts as antitermitic agents has been investigated in two Malaysian timber species, namely Madhuca utilis (bitis) and Neobalanocarpus heimii (chengal). The samples taken from Perak State Forest Reserve felled trees with the age of 38 and 45 years old, respectively. The composition of the extracts were analysed by GC-MS. In the toluene/EtOH extracts of M. utilis 19 (bark) and 17 (heartwood, hW) chemical constituents have been identified in total. The dominant compounds in bark were (2Z,6E)-farnesol (44%) and thymol methyl ether (29%) and in hW terpinen-4-ol (38%) and γ-terpinene (16%). The N. heimii essential oils contained 16 chemical constituents (8 in bark and 8 in hW) with benzyl carbinol (62%) and benzyl isoamyl ether (34%) for bark and eicosane (C20) (50%) and cyclopentanone (19%) for hW. Higher concentration of extracts from bark and hW of N. heimii, and from bark of M. utilis) gave 100% mortality of 3rd instars of Coptotermes gestroi Wasmann and 99% for M. utilis hW extract. The extracts of both wood species showed promising antitermitic properties against subterranean termites.

scholarly journals Evaluation of volatile constituents, exudation of resin and occurrence of galls of Protium aracouchini (Aubl.) Marchand

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Thiago Augusto Araujo Correia Lima (in memorian) ◽  
Leonardo Pinto Cunha ◽  
José Eduardo Lahoz da Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Marcia Ortiz Mayo Marques ◽  
Maria da Paz Lima
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Volatile Constituents ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
First Time ◽  
Time Information

Protium aracouchini (Aubl.) Marchand [sin Icica aracouchini Aubl.], which occurs in the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve, in the Brazilian Amazon, was evaluated for the presence of galls, for resin exudation and the composition of the essential oils from the aerial parts and the resin. The experiment to stimulate the exudation of resin from the trunk was conducted using a 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid solution. The resin produced after 40 days and the aerial parts had their essential oils extracted in a Clevenger apparatus and the volatile chemical constituents were analyzed using GC/MS. The non-oxygenated sesquiterpenes α-copaene (21.15%) and α-gurjunene (13.69%), in addition to the oxygenated sesquiterpene spathulenol (10.32%), were detected as the majority constituents of the essential oil of the leaves, and a concentration similar to that of α-gurjunene was found in the branches (13.28%). The resin essential oil showed a high concentration of hydrocarbon monoterpenes (76.49%) with a predominance of α-pinene (17.57%) and limonene (46.11%). Four gall morphotypes were found associated with this species. The present study reports for the first time information on the volatile constituents and the resinous potential of P. aracouchini, and registers the morphotypes of the galls that help in the taxonomy of the species.

Effects of nanostructured essential oils against subterranean termites (Coptotermes gestroi)

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Clerici ◽  
M. E. de Souza ◽  
P. M. Quatrin ◽  
R. C. Vianna Santos ◽  
A. M. Costa-Leonardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Subterranean Termites ◽  
Coptotermes Gestroi

scholarly journals Possible Use of Phytochemicals for Recovery from COVID-19-Induced Anosmia and Ageusia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8912
Author(s):  
Sachiko Koyama ◽  
Kenji Kondo ◽  
Rumi Ueha ◽  
Hideki Kashiwadani ◽  
Thomas Heinbockel
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Chemical Senses ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Olfactory Sense ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The year 2020 became the year of the outbreak of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which escalated into a worldwide pandemic and continued into 2021. One of the unique symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 disease, COVID-19, is the loss of chemical senses, i.e., smell and taste. Smell training is one of the methods used in facilitating recovery of the olfactory sense, and it uses essential oils of lemon, rose, clove, and eucalyptus. These essential oils were not selected based on their chemical constituents. Although scientific studies have shown that they improve recovery, there may be better combinations for facilitating recovery. Many phytochemicals have bioactive properties with anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects. In this review, we describe the chemical compounds with anti- inflammatory and anti-viral effects, and we list the plants that contain these chemical compounds. We expand the review from terpenes to the less volatile flavonoids in order to propose a combination of essential oils and diets that can be used to develop a new taste training method, as there has been no taste training so far. Finally, we discuss the possible use of these in clinical settings.

Extraction and Analysis of the Chemical Constituents of Volatile Oil from Albizia Bark

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 596-600
Author(s):  
Yan Song ◽  
Hai Yan Wu ◽  
Xiao Hong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Spectrometry Method

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of volatile Albizia bark. Methods: the volatile chemical components of Albizia bark extract by water vapor distillation, gas chromatography - mass spectrometry method for the separation and identification of its composition and relative content. Results and conclusion: 25 chemical compounds were identified. The main chemical constituents of volatile oil in Albizia bark is 1,1-diethoxy-Ethane (23.972%), Ethyl Acetate (23.260%), Linalol (10.334%), 2-ethoxy-Butane (4.934%), D-Limonene (4.512%), L-π pinene (3.803%), Terpineol (3.126%), Ocimene (3.031%), Ethylbenzene (2.621%), Benzothiazole (2.199%), (E) -Ocimene (1.755%), Terpinolen (1.516%), Cedrene (1.471%), N-phenyl-1-Naphthalenamine (1.451%), 1-ethoxy-Pentane (1.418%), Terpinen (1.162%), o-Cymene (1.129%) et.

scholarly journals Color change and termite resistance of fast-growing tropical woods treated with kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) smoke

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Sudo Hadi ◽  
Muh Yusram Massijaya ◽  
Dodi Nandika ◽  
Wa Ode Muliastuty Arsyad ◽  
Imam Busyra Abdillah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
Subterranean Termites ◽  
Schleichera Oleosa ◽  
Termite Attack ◽  
Wood Resistance ◽  
Tropical Woods ◽  
Anthocephalus Cadamba

Abstract Smoke treatment can be used to enhance wood resistance to subterranean termite attack. In this study, kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) wood was pyrolyzed to produce charcoal. The smoke produced as a by-product of pyrolysis was used to treat sengon (Falcataria moluccana), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), mangium (Acacia mangium), and pine (Pinus merkusii) wood samples for 1, 2, or 3 weeks. Following the smoke treatment, the wood specimens were exposed to subterranean termites (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) according to the Indonesian standard 7207-2014 in a laboratory. The color change caused by smoke treatment was observed, and chemical analysis of smoke was also done. The results showed that chemical compounds of kesambi smoke predominantly consisted of acetic acid, phenol, ketones, amines, and benzene. The color of smoked wood became darker, less yellow, and a little redder, while a longer smoking period produced a darker color which was more resistant to termite attack. Smoke treatment enhanced the resistance of wood to subterranean termite attack, and the resistance levels were not significantly different based on the duration of the smoke treatment.

Non-destructive estimation of fibre morphological parameters and chemical constituents of Tectona grandis L.f. wood by near infrared spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
pp. 096703352199911
Author(s):  
SR Shukla ◽  
S Shashikala ◽  
M Sujatha
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is developing as an advanced and non-invasive tool in the wood, wood products and forestry sectors. It may be applied as a rapid and cost effective technique for assessment of different wood quality parameters of timber species. In the present study, NIR spectra of heartwood samples of Tectona grandis (teak) were collected before measuring fibre morphological parameters (fibre length, fibre diameter and fibre lumen diameter)and main chemical constituents (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and extractives) using maceration and wet chemistry methods respectively. Multivariate partial least squares (PLS) regression was applied to develop the calibration models between measured values of wood parameters and NIR spectral data. Pre-processing of NIR spectra demonstrated better predictions based on higher values of correlation coefficient for estimation (R2), validation (Rcv 2 ), ratio of performance to deviation (RPD), and lower values of root mean square errors of estimation (RMSEE), cross-validation (RMSECV) and number of latent variable (rank). Internal cross-validation was used to find the optimum rank. Robust calibrations models with high R2 (>0.87), low errors and high RPD values (> 2.93) were observed from PLS analysis for fibre morphological parameters and main chemical constituents of teak. These linear models may be applied for rapid and cost effective estimation of different fibre parameters and chemical constituents in routine testing and evaluation procedures for teak.

scholarly journals Comparison of chemical constituents and antimicrobial activities of three essential oils from three different brands' clove samples collected from Gulf region

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Amzad Hossain ◽  
Saliha Rashid AL Harbi ◽  
Afaf Mohammed Weli ◽  
Qasim Al-Riyami ◽  
Jamal Nasser Al-Sabahi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gulf Region

Conifer Essential Oils Reversed Amyloid Beta1-42 Action by Modulating BDNF and ARC Expression in The Rat Hippocampus

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Alexandra Postu ◽  
Adrian Tiron ◽  
Crina Elena Tiron ◽  
Dragoș Lucian Gorgan ◽  
Marius Mihasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cognitive Improvement

Background: The conifer species Pinus halepensis (Pinaceae) and Tetraclinis articulata (Cupressaceae) are widely used in traditional medicine due to their health beneficial properties. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which P. halepensis and T. articulata essential oils (1% and 3%) could exhibit neuroprotective effects in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) rat model, induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of amyloid beta1-42 (Aβ1-42). Method: The essential oils were administered by inhalation to the AD rat model, once daily, for 21 days. DNA fragmentation was assessed through Cell Death Detection ELISA kit. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (ARC) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) gene expressions were determined by RT-qPCR analysis, while BDNF and ARC protein expressions were assessed using immunohistochemistry technique. Results: Our data showed that both essential oils substantially attenuated memory impairments, with P. halepensis mainly stimulating ARC expression and T. articulata mostly enhancing BDNF expression. Also, the inhalation of essential oils reduced IL-1β expression and induced positive effects against DNA fragmentation associated with Aβ1-42-induced toxicity, further contributing to the cognitive improvement in the rats with AD-like model. Conclusion: Our findings provide further evidence that these essential oils and their chemical constituents could be natural agents of therapeutic interest against Aβ1-42-induced neurotoxicity.

Validasi dari Spektrofotometri UV-Vis dan Kandungan Total Flavonoid Ekstrak Etanol dari Akar Alang-Alang (Imperata cylindrica) dan Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica) Anita Puspa Widiyana

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Anita Puspa Widiyana ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Validation Testing

Validation as a quality control for the content of chemical compounds from natural ingredients. One of the chemical constituents is the flavonoids which are found in the Imperatacylindrica roots and Centella asiatica leaves. This study aims to ensure the analysis method meets the requirements and determines the levels of flavonoids. The research stages included extraction, validation and determination of total flavonoid. Extraction was carried out by immersing dry simplicia in 96% ethanol solvent for 3x24 hours. The solvent is evaporated using a rotary evaporator until a thick extract is formed. Validation testing includes linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ. Determinationof the total flavonoid was carried out by measuring the absorption at a maximum wavelength of 428.2 nm. The validation results includethe correlation coefficient (R) of 0.998, precision % RSD <2 %, %accuracy 99,53-97,98%, LOD 3.02ppm and LOQ 9.15 ppm. The total flavonoid of the ethanol extract of Imperata cylindrica roots was 36.39 ± 0.08 mg/g QE and Centella asiatica leaves was 102.10 ± 0.08 mg/g QE. The conclusion is that the method used met the validation requirements and the total flavonoid content of the ethanol extract of Centella asiatica leaves was higher than Imperata cylindrica roots

scholarly journals Constituents of Peel and Leaf Essential Oils of Citrus Medica L

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. I. Bhuiyan ◽  
J. Begum ◽  
P. K. Sardar ◽  
M. S. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Citrus Medica ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Peel Oil

The chemical constituents of leaf and peel essential oil of Citrus medica L. were analysed by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Nineteen components accounting for 99.9% of the oil were identified in leaf oil. The major constituents are erucylamide (28.43%), limonene (18.36%) and citral (12.95%). The peel oil contains forty three components accounting for 99.8% of the total oil and the major components are isolimonene (39.37%), citral (23.12%) and limonene (21.78%). Keywords: Citrus medica; Essential oils; GC-MS; Erucylamide; Isolimonene. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i2.1760   

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