Evaluation of High Temperature Properties and Microstructural Characterization of Resistance Spot Welded Steel Lap Shear Joints

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
R. K. Gupta ◽  
V. Anil Kumar ◽  
Paul G. Panicker
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Joint Strength ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Parent Metal ◽  
Resistance Spot ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
Stainless Steel 304 ◽  
Ss 304 ◽  
Spot Welded

AbstractJoining of thin sheets (0.5 mm) of stainless steel 304 and 17-4PH through resistance spot welding is highly challenging especially when joint is used for high temperature applications. Various combinations of stainless steel sheets of thickness 0.5 mm are spot welded and tested at room temperature as well as at high temperatures (800 K, 1,000 K, 1,200 K). Parent metal as well as spot welded joints are tested and characterized. It is observed that joint strength of 17-4PH steel is highest and then dissimilar steel joint of 17-4PH with SS-304 is moderate and of SS-304 is lowest at all the temperatures. Joint strength of 17-4PH steel is found to be >80% of parent metal properties up to 1,000 K then drastic reduction in strength is noted at 1,200 K. Gradual reduction in strength of SS-304 joint with increase in temperature from 800 to 1,200 K is noted. At 1,200 K, joint strength of all combinations of joints is found to be nearly same. Microstructural evaluation of weld nugget after testing at different temperatures shows presence of tempered martensite in 17-4PH containing welds and homogenized structure in stainless steel 304 weld.

ARMCO NITRONIC 50 STAINLESS STEEL

Alloy Digest ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Price Range ◽  
Cold Worked ◽  
Ss 304

Abstract ARMCO NITRONIC 50 STAINLESS STEEL provides a combination of corrosion resistance and strength not found in any other commercial material available in its price range. It has good mechanical properties at both elevated and sub-zero temperatures. It does not become magnetic when cold worked. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-304. Producer or source: Baltimore Specialty Steels Corporation. Originally published as Nitronic 50, January 1975, revised April 1990.

scholarly journals Preparation and Properties of Electrospun Phenylethynyl—Terminated Polyimide Nano-Fibrous Membranes with Potential Applications as Solvent-Free and High-Temperature Resistant Adhesives for Harsh Environments

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1525
Author(s):  
Hao-ran Qi ◽  
Deng-xiong Shen ◽  
Yan-jiang Jia ◽  
Yuan-cheng An ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
High Adhesion ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Fibrous Membranes

High-temperature-resistant polymeric adhesives with high servicing temperatures and high adhesion strengths are highly desired in aerospace, aviation, microelectronic and other high-tech areas. The currently used high-temperature resistant polymeric adhesives, such as polyamic acid (PAA), are usually made from the high contents of solvents in the composition, which might cause adhesion failure due to the undesirable voids caused by the evaporation of the solvents. In the current work, electrospun preimidized polyimide (PI) nano-fibrous membranes (NFMs) were proposed to be used as solvent-free or solvent-less adhesives for stainless steel adhesion. In order to enhance the adhesion reliability of the PI NFMs, thermally crosslinkable phenylethynyl end-cappers were incorporated into the PIs derived from 3,3’,4,4’-oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA) and 3,3-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]phthalide (BAPPT). The derived phenylethynyl-terminated PETI-10K and PETI-20K with the controlled molecular weights of 10,000 g mol−1 and 20,000 g mol−1, respectively, showed good solubility in polar aprotic solvents, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc). The PI NFMs were successfully fabricated by electrospinning with the PETI/DMAc solutions. The ultrafine PETI NFMs showed the average fiber diameters (dav) of 627 nm for PETI-10K 695 nm for PETI-20K, respectively. The PETI NFMs showed good thermal resistance, which is reflected in the glass transition temperatures (Tgs) above 270 °C. The PETI NFMs exhibited excellent thermoplasticity at elevated temperatures. The stainless steel adherends were successfully adhered using the PETI NFMs as the adhesives. The PI NFMs provided good adhesion to the stainless steels with the single lap shear strengths (LSS) higher than 20.0 MPa either at room temperature (25 °C) or at an elevated temperature (200 °C).

Computational Approches for Ballistic Impact Response of Stainless Steel 304

2021 ◽  
Vol 1020 ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
A. Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Damage Initiation ◽  
Stainless Steel 304 ◽  
Ballistic Limit Velocity ◽  
Dynamic Loading Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ss 304

The present study introduces a numerical procedure to estimate the impact resistance of stainless steel 304 (SS 304) commonly used in producing security screens through calculation of the effective ballistic limit velocity (V50). Non-linear finite element (FE) analysis using ABAQUS FE software was performed to simulate the material response with wide variety of thicknesses under various impact scenarios. Three different techniques were employed to determine V50, including: simulation of SS 304 using material parameters obtained from coupons testings and impact residual velocity and energy based on FE analysis. The material plasticity and damage initiation and evolution under dynamic loading conditions were simulated using Johnson-Cook model, while Lambert-Jonas model was utilized in predicting the residual impact velocity and energy using robust data regression system. Very good correlation within the investigated methodologies was observed along with obvious proportional between V50and coupons’ thickness. The significance of the outcome of this investigation is the developing of feasible and economical approach to evaluate the impact resistance of SS 304 which will significantly contribute to the development of superior security screens.

Friction Coefficient and Wear Rate of Different Materials Sliding Against Stainless Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewan Muhammad Nuruzzaman ◽  
Mohammad Asaduzzaman Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Stainless Steel 304 ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Ss 304

This paper examines the relation between friction/wear and different types of steel materials under different normal loads and sliding velocities and to explore the possibility of adding controlled normal load and sliding velocity to a mechanical process. In order to do so, a pin on disc apparatus is designed and fabricated. Experiments are carried out when different types of disc materials such as stainless steel 304 (SS 304), stainless steel 316 (SS 316) and mild steel slide against stainless steel 304 (SS 304) pin. Variations of friction coefficient with the duration of rubbing at different normal loads and sliding velocities are investigated. Results show that friction coefficient varies with duration of rubbing, normal load and sliding velocity. In general, friction coefficient increases for a certain duration of rubbing and after that it remains constant for the rest of the experimental time. The obtained results reveal that friction coefficient decreases with the increase in normal load for all the tested materials. It is also found that friction coefficient increases with the increase in sliding velocity for all the materials investigated. Moreover, wear rate increases with the increase in normal load and sliding velocity. At identical operating condition, the magnitudes of friction coefficient and wear rate are different for different materials depending on sliding velocity and normal load.

scholarly journals Effect of Retained Austenite and Non-Metallic Inclusions on the Mechanical Properties of Resistance Spot Welding Nuggets of Low-Alloy TRIP Steels

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor H. Vargas Cortés ◽  
Gerardo Altamirano Guerrero ◽  
Ignacio Mejía Granados ◽  
Víctor H. Baltazar Hernández ◽  
Cuauhtémoc Maldonado Zepeda
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Spot Welds ◽  
Trip Steels ◽  
Resistance Spot ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
Metallic Inclusions

The combination of high strength and formability of transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels is interesting for the automotive industry. However, the poor weldability limits its industrial application. This paper shows the results of six low-alloy TRIP steels with different chemical composition which were studied in order to correlate retained austenite (RA) and non-metallic inclusions (NMI) with their resistance spot welded zones to their joints’ final mechanical properties. RA volume fractions were quantified by X-ray microdiffraction (µSXRD) while the magnetic saturation technique was used to quantify NMI contents. Microstructural characterization and NMI of the base metals and spot welds were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Weld nuggets macrostructures were identified using optical microscopy (OM). The lap-shear tensile test was used to determine the final mechanical properties of the welded joints. It was found that NMI content in the fusion zone (FZ) was higher than those in the base metal and heat affected zone (HAZ). Whereas, traces of RA were found in the HAZ of highly alloyed TRIP steels. Lap-shear tensile test results showed that mechanical properties of spot welds were affected by NMI contents, but in a major way by the decomposition of RA in the FZ and HAZ.

Corrosion Characterization of Resistance Spot Welded Aluminum and Steel Couple

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surender Maddela ◽  
Blair E. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Testing ◽  
Lap Shear Strength ◽  
Resistance Spot ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
Cyclic Corrosion ◽  
Steel Substrates ◽  
Spot Welded

Abstract The corrosion resistance of resistance spot welded (RSW) Al-steel couples of varying combinations of 6016-T4 aluminum alloys and steel substrates, including with and without adhesive at the faying interface has been successfully evaluated, and compared to corresponding self-pierce riveted (SPR) couples. The corrosion resistance of resistance spot welded Al-steel couples has performed well in cyclic corrosion testing (GMW 17026) and the results are comparable to or better than that of self-pierce riveted couples. SPR couples are more susceptible to galvanic corrosion than resistance spot-welded couples based upon experimentally measured electrochemical potentials from actual joints. The presence of adhesive acts significantly to reduce galvanic corrosion between aluminum alloy and steel substrates, and moreover tensile lap-shear strength significantly increased with structural adhesive for both RSW and SPR joining systems. However, despite the presence of adhesive the lap-shear strength was reduced by more than 50% after cyclic corrosion testing to strength levels comparable to the lap-shear strength of couples having no adhesive and tested in ambient conditions.

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