scholarly journals Influence of unburned pulverized coal on gasification reaction of coke in blast furnace

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2019) ◽  
pp. 733-738
Author(s):  
Yi-fan Chai ◽  
Guo-ping Luo ◽  
Sheng-li An ◽  
Jun Peng ◽  
Yi-ci Wang
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Melting Zone ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Porous Volume ◽  
Gasification Reaction ◽  
Weight Loss Ratio

AbstractIn order to explore the influence of unburned pulverized coal on gasification reaction of coke in blast furnace, kinetic rules of gasification reaction between CO2 and coke powder adding pulverized coals with different volatiles were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that weight-loss ratio of samples reacted with CO2 increased after adding pulverized coal, and the weight-loss ratio rose with the increase of coal’s addition. When the content of pulverized coal was up to 50%, the weight-loss ratio of the sample which adding pulverized coal with high volatile was higher under the same temperature. The activation energy about C-CO2 gasification reaction of samples reduced observably after adding pulverized coal. The activation energy of samples had a largest decrease with 83.408 kJ mol−1 at the range of 1223 K~1373 K and it was 28.97 kJ mol−1 at the range of 1373 K~1523 K. The addition of pulverized coal with high volatile can reduce the reaction activation energy of samples more effectively. In the soft melting zone, the gasification reaction model of coke blocks attached the unburned pulverized coal was up to unreacted core model and porous volume-reacted model jointly.

scholarly journals Influence of sodium carbonate addition on weight loss of bagasse alkaline black liquor during pyrolysis

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 2428-2441
Author(s):  
Xusheng Li ◽  
Jinlong Wang ◽  
Derong Yan ◽  
Yongjun Yin ◽  
Shuangfei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
N2 Atmosphere ◽  
Microscopic Morphology ◽  
Weight Loss Ratio

To understand the effects and the mechanism of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) addition on the bagasse alkaline black liquor (BABL) pyrolysis, the reaction variables such as temperature, heating rate, and amount of Na2CO3 addition into BABL-solids were investigated under N2 atmosphere from 50 °C to 1000 °C by thermogravimetic analysis (TGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the Coats–Redfern method (CRM) were employed for surface microscopic morphology observations and kinetic analysis, respectively. The results showed that Na2CO3 plays an inhibiting and promoting role during devolatilization (200 °C to 650 °C) and the reduction stages (650 °C to 1000 °C), respectively. Adding Na2CO3 into BABL-solids tends to increase the thickness of the salt layer covering the BABL-solids surface, which increases the activation energy and reduces the weight loss ratio of BABL-solids pyrolysis within 200 °C to 650 °C. Adding Na2CO3 into the BABL-solids tends to increase the number of alkaline compounds or the active site of the reduction reaction, which reduces the activation energy and increases the weight loss ratio of BABL-solids pyrolysis within 650 °C to 1000 °C. The role of Na2CO3 as an additive could be well understood by studying the influence mechanism of Na2CO3 on BABL-solids pyrolysis.

Synthesis and thermal decomposition kinetics of poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(styrene) block copolymers

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghua Guan ◽  
Xiaoyan Ma ◽  
Hualong Zhou ◽  
Fang Chen ◽  
Zhiguang Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Terminal Group ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Weight Loss Ratio

Two diblock copolymers of poly(methyl methacrylate)- block-poly(styrene) with chlorine as terminal group (PMMA- b-PS-Cl) were synthesized via two-step atom transfer radical polymerization. The structures of the block copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and gel permeation chromatography. Thermal properties including glass transition temperature ( Tg) and thermal stability were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The block copolymers of PMMA- b-PS-Cl exhibited two glass transitions, which were attributed to the Tgs of PMMA and PS segments, respectively. According to TGA, thermal decompositions of PMMA macro-initiator and PMMA- b-PS-Cl block copolymers had two stages. The weight loss ratio in the second stage was more significant than that in the first stage, which may be attributed to the separation of the halogen atom from the terminal group and the formation of a double bond. The breaking down of the backbone dominates in the second stage in which the weight loss ratio was more than 70%, represented the main stage of pyrolysis. It was found that the introduction of the PS chain remarkably enhanced the thermal stability of the copolymer, thus endowing the block copolymers high activation energy for thermal decomposition. On the other hand, the remaining two pyrolysis procedures further indicated that thermodynamic mechanism didn’t change due to the introduction of PS segments.

Concrete Reinforcement Corrosion Characteristics and Grading Evaluation under Natural Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 744-749
Author(s):  
Bao Hong Hao ◽  
Ding Zeng ◽  
Quan Yong Deng ◽  
Xi Yang Song ◽  
Tin Tin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Reinforcement Corrosion ◽  
Reinforcing Bars ◽  
Actual Measurement ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Weight Loss Ratio

Abstract: The paper, by using various electrochemical methods, conducts non-destructive quantitative testing towards currently-used bridges, analyzes reinforcement corrosion characteristics under natural environment, concludes the influencing rule of natural environment on reinforcement corrosion, and reveals differences accelerated simulation environment by contrasting with preliminary laboratory results. The real bridge measurement results show that: weight loss ratio of reinforcement under humid environment can reach a maximum of 33% and a minimum of 18%; while weight loss ratio of reinforcement under dry environment falls between 8%-15%. The actual measurement results also show that: box girder and guard bar coated with waterproof layer help to protect reinforcing bars inside the concrete and effectively reduce the corrosion rate inside reinforcing bars with weight loss ratio around 4-8%. It contrasts the precision of two testing methods and comes to a conclusion that testing precision of linear polarization method is higher than that of impulse current method.

Study on Antifungal Properties of Bacteriocin Produced by Lactobacillus and Application in Fruit Preservation

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 1315-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Min Zhou ◽  
Na Jia ◽  
Hong Xing Zhang ◽  
Yuan Hong Xie ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Physical Injuries ◽  
Natural Preservatives ◽  
Fruit Preservation ◽  
Weight Loss Ratio

Strawberry is among the most perishable fruits and vulnerable to physical injuries and fungal invasion. To explore the effects of bacteriocin treatment on strawberry preservation, the inhibitory effect of bacteriocin produced byLactobacillusonBotrytiscinereawas investigated. Meanwhile, the variation of weight-loss ratio, total soluble solids (TSS) and vitamin C content were determined after treatment of bacteriocin on field-grown strawberry. The results showed that spore germination ofB. cinereawas significantly inhibited by bacteriocin at volume percentage of 20%, and bacteriocin inhibited increasing of weight-loss ratio, maintained more ascorbic acid, kept taste of strawberries. Therefore, bacteriocin is a kind of high efficiency natural preservatives and can be applied to the fruit preservation.

Research on Preservation of Synsepalum Dulcificum by Coatings

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 2158-2162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Lun Liu ◽  
Chun Lan He ◽  
Tai Ping Xie ◽  
Yu E Yang ◽  
Ting Xia Liang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Coating Films ◽  
Chitosan Coating ◽  
Optimum Formulation ◽  
Weight Loss Ratio

The preservation of Synsepalum dulcificum has been researched by using chitosan coating as the antistaling agent at room temperature. The physicochemical indexes, such as rot rate, weight loss ratio, scavenging capability of DPPH• radical, total acidity and sensory quality, were assayed during the process of storage. The optimum formulation of the fresh-keeping agent was as follows: 1.5% chitosan, 1% ascorbic acid, 0.1% Tween-80 and 1.0% glycerol. The results showed that the coating films could effectively decrease the loss of fruit nutrition and weight-loss ratio, inhibited the respiration and delayed the senescent course during storage.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Properties of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polyamide/Nylon Microcellular Foamed Composites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2368
Author(s):  
Xiulei Wang ◽  
Gaojian Wu ◽  
Pengcheng Xie ◽  
Xiaodong Gao ◽  
Weimin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Injection Volume ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Weight Loss Ratio

The automobile and aerospace industries require lightweight and high-strength structural parts. Nylon-based microcellular foamed composites have the characteristics of high strength and the advantages of being lightweight as well as having a low production cost and high product dimensional accuracy. In this work, the glass fiber-reinforced nylon foams were prepared through microcellular injection molding with supercritical fluid as the blowing agent. The tensile strength and weight loss ratio of microcellular foaming composites with various injection rates, temperatures, and volumes were investigated through orthogonal experiments. Moreover, the correlations between dielectric constant and injection volume were also studied. The results showed that the “slow–fast” injection rate, increased temperature, and injection volume were beneficial to improving the tensile strength and strength/weight ratios. Meanwhile, the dielectric constant can be decreased by building the microcellular structure in nylon, which is associated with the weight loss ratio extent closely.

Model Research of Concrete Reinforcement Corrosion Mechanism and Corrosion Rate under the Corrosion of Chloride Ion

2013 ◽  
Vol 470 ◽  
pp. 847-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Hong Hao ◽  
Ding Zeng ◽  
Hang Li ◽  
Yu Xue Cheng ◽  
Yan Tao Dou
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Reinforcement Corrosion ◽  
Chloride Environment ◽  
Weight Loss Ratio ◽  
Concrete Reinforcement

This paper researches law of reinforcement corrosion under chloride environment based on method the simulated accelerated test. Test the self-corrosion current density and electrode potential quantitative index of concrete reinforcement under chloride environment and establish quantitative model of corrosion time and reinforcement corrosion quantity by means of advanced linear polarization method and electrochemical testing method. Corroded reinforcement weight loss ratio under chloride environment is detected in physical way, combined with reinforcement corrosion layer microstructure and composition characteristics detected by scanning electron microscope. Both of the above deeply reveals corrosion mechanism and corrosion characteristics of the reinforcement. Corrosion rate theoretical model and statistical model have been revised. The research results prove that reinforcement corrosion rate has increased by an average of 4-5 times under chloride environment, weight loss ratio has increased by 15% compared with that under no-chloride environment, and due to chlorine’s effect, partial and uneven corrosion rust layer appears on surface of the reinforcement, which will be the direct cause of inducing accelerating corrosion of reinforcement at the later stage.

Combustion of Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber(EPDM) and PVC

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 210-213
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Run Dong Li ◽  
Yan Long Li
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Exothermic Reaction ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Total Weight Loss ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber ◽  
Diene Rubber ◽  
Weight Loss Ratio

Thermal degradation of Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber (EPDM) and PVC have been investigated and compared by means of TG/DTA in air or N2 atmosphere with the heating rate of 10K/min and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The occurrence of primary and second thermal degradation stages of EPDM in air have been recognized, while in N2 it was only one stage. The total weight loss ratio in air and N2 was 61.3%, 60.7%, respectively. Three degradation stages of PVC occur in both air and N2 and the total weight loss ratio was 72.5%, 72.6%, respectively. The thermal degradation of EPDM are all endothermic reaction, while of PVC are mainly exothermic reaction. Combustion products heated by laser in the same experimental conditions have been analyzed by GC-MS, the amount of toxic substances differ greatly, the amount of dimethylmethane of PVC are 2.55 times more than EPDM, dimethylbenzene and styrene of PVC are 6.2 and 5.5 times more than EPDM, toluene and benzene of PVC differ greatest with EPDM, are 24.2 and 35.7 times, respectively. EPDM can significantly reduce toxic products generation compared with PVC.

scholarly journals Enhanced Combustion of Bituminous Coal and Semicoke Mixture by Ferric Oxide with Thermographic and Kinetic Analyses

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7696
Author(s):  
Tingting Lv ◽  
Luyao Kou ◽  
Tu Hu ◽  
Libo Zhang ◽  
Li Yang
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Burning Rate ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Volatile Fraction ◽  
Coal Powder ◽  
The Cost

We study the specific catalytic effect of the catalyst on the combustion process of pulverized coal of increasing the proportion of semicoke in the mixture of semicoke and bituminous coal, and reducing the cost of blast-furnace coal injection. A combination of thermogravimetric and kinetic analyses were used to study the catalytic effect of Fe2O3 on semicoke and bituminous coal, and to improve the amount of semicoke in the mixed coal powder of bituminous coal and semicoke. Experimental results showed that Fe2O3 had a catalytic effect on both semicoke and bituminous coal, but there were differences in the catalytic stages of the same catalyst for different pulverized coal types. The addition of 2 wt % Fe2O3 to semicoke and bituminous coal each led to the ignition temperature and maximal burning rate temperature of the semicoke decreasing, indicating that the catalyst promoted the precipitation of a volatile fraction from the semicoke. The maximal burning rate temperature and burnout temperature of the bituminous coal decreased, and maximal weight loss rate increased, indicating that the catalyst promoted the combustion of the fixed carbon of bituminous coal. The optimal proportioning amount of semicoke in the mixed coal powder without the addition of a catalyst was 25%. After adding 2 wt % Fe2O3, the proportional amount of semicoke increased by 10%. The addition of the catalyst resulted in even lower activation energy for the same conversion rate. When the conversion rate was in the ranges of 0.1–0.2 and 0.5–0.7, the activation energy decreased by 22% and 26%, respectively, compared with that without a catalyst. Fe2O3 promoted the combustion of bituminous coal and semicoke. This enhanced the combustion performance of the pulverized coal mix and increased the proportion of semicoke in the mix, which has certain guiding significance in reducing the cost of blast-furnace iron making.

Application of Simultaneous TG-DSC Version on Combustion Characteristics Test of Blended Coal

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 2212-2215
Author(s):  
Guo Liang Yang ◽  
Si Ning Chen ◽  
Zhao Chun Yang ◽  
Xiang Bei Kong
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Ignition Temperature ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Heat Flow Curve ◽  
Scanning Rate ◽  
Blended Coal ◽  
Lean Coal ◽  
Weight Loss Ratio

The simultaneous TG-DSC version of SENSYS EVO CALORIMETER is applied to the combustion characteristics test of coal, and obtains the TG - Heat Flow curve of meager lean coal, anthracite and blended coal of 75% meager lean coal and 25% anthracite, in the lower scanning rate .the curve and data analysis show that, compared with meager lean coal and anthracite, the blended coal has the lower ignition temperature, the higher weight loss ratio and heat flow. This means that blended coal with this components is more easily ignited, burning more sufficiently. In addition, although the proportion of mixed meager lean coal accounting for 3/4, but the combustion characteristics of blended coal relatively more close to anthracite’s.

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