Low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness and abdominal resistance are associated with metabolic risk in schoolchildren

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neri Saldanha Filho ◽  
Cézane Priscila Reuter ◽  
Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner ◽  
Cláudia Daniela Barbian ◽  
João Francisco de Castro Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Continuous Metabolic Syndrome Score ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Background Low levels of physical fitness are associated with metabolic disorders in adults. However, this relationship has been little explored in children and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is an association between physical fitness related to health and the presence of metabolic risk in schoolchildren. Methods The sample for this cross-sectional study was composed of 1251 schoolchildren of both genders between 7 and 17 years of age. Three indicators of physical fitness related to health were evaluated: cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), flexibility and abdominal resistance. The continuous metabolic syndrome score (cMetS) was calculated by using the sum of the Z scores of the following indicators: body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, glucose, total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c and LDL-c) and triglycerides. Subsequently, the cMetS was dichotomized, considering the presence or absence of metabolic risk. The data were analyzed using prevalence ratio (PR) values and 95% confidence intervals (CI), using Poisson regression. Results A higher prevalence of metabolic risk was found among students with low levels of CRF (PR: 1.48; CI: 1.10–1.98) and abdominal resistance (PR: 1.45; CI: 1.08–1.95). No association with flexibility was found. Conclusions Low levels of CRF and abdominal resistance are associated with the presence of metabolic risk in schoolchildren.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE SCREEN TIME AND THE CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS WITH THE PRESENCE OF METABOLIC RISK IN SCHOOLCHILDREN

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Francisco de Castro Silveira ◽  
Cláudia Daniela Barbian ◽  
Leandro Tibiriçá Burgos ◽  
Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner ◽  
Dulciane Nunes Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Metabolic Risk Score

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the association between screen time and cardiorespiratory fitness with the presence of metabolic risk in schoolchildren in an isolated and clustered manner. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 1.200 schoolchildren from Santa Cruz do Sul-RS. Screen time and cardiorespiratory fitness were evaluated. The continuous metabolic risk score was calculated by summing the Z score of the waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C). Results: Children (34.3%) and adolescents (48.2%) had high screen time, while 44.3% of the children and 53.3% of the adolescents were unfit in relation to cardiorespiratory fitness. Regarding the relation of screen time/cardiorespiratory fitness, 14.7% of the children and 26.9% of the adolescents presented high screen time and low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. The presence of metabolic risk was shown in children (17.1%) and adolescents (14.7%). The presence of metabolic risk was directly associated with low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents. When analyzed in clusters, the metabolic risk in children was 11% more prevalent in subjects with low screen time/unfit and 12% in subjects with high screen time/unfit, whereas in adolescents, the prevalence of metabolic risk was also higher in those with low screen time/unfit (8%) and high screen time/unfit (7%). Conclusions: The presence of metabolic risk in children and adolescents was associated with low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness, independent of screen time, in an isolated or clustered manner.

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly linked to metabolic syndrome among physical fitness components: a retrospective cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bokun Kim ◽  
Minjae Ku ◽  
Tanaka Kiyoji ◽  
Tomonori Isobe ◽  
Takeji Sakae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Maintaining a good level of physical fitness from engaging in regular exercise is important for the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, which components constitutive of physical fitness confer the greatest influence remains controversial. This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between MetS and physical fitness components including cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, flexibility, and agility and to identify which physical fitness components have the largest influence on MetS. Methods A total of 168 Japanese adult males aged 25–64 years were allocated into non-MetS, pre-MetS, and MetS groups according to the criteria recommended by the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine. Anthropometric measurement of body composition by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and measures related to MetS, including waist circumference, triglyceride level, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, blood pressure, glucose level, and physical fitness components, were assessed. For evaluation of cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, flexibility, agility, and balance, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold (VO2AnT), handgrip strength and vertical jumping, trunk extension and flexion, stepping side to side, and single-leg balance task with the eyes closed were assessed, respectively. Results A progressive tendency of increasing body weight, body mass index, whole-body lean and fat mass, percentage of whole-body fat mass, trunk lean and fat mass, percentage of trunk fat mass, arm fat mass, waist circumference, triglyceride level, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and blood glucose level from the non-MetS group to the MetS group was significant (P < 0.05). Conversely, the cardiorespiratory endurance parameters VO2peak and VO2AnT and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level showed a progressively decreasing tendency across the groups (P < 0.01). In addition, a VO2peak below 29.84 ml·kg·min−1 (P = 0.028) and VO2AnT below 15.89 ml·kg·min−1 (P = 0.011) were significant risk components for pre-MetS and MetS. However, there was no significant tendency with respect to muscle strength, agility, and flexibility. Conclusion Cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly linked to metabolic syndrome among physical fitness components

scholarly journals Associations between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risks in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study from the Fukushima Health Management Survey, 2011–2015

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enbo Ma ◽  
Tetsuya Ohira ◽  
Akira Sakai ◽  
Seiji Yasumura ◽  
Atsushi Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risks

Cardiometabolic risks were increasing in Fukushima residents after the Great East Japan Earthquake. We examined the association between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risks in those aged ≥16 years. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis for participants who underwent at least one diet assessment using a short-form food frequency questionnaire during 2011–2013 and a health checkup in 2014 and 2015 (n = 15,409 and 14,999, respectively). In 2014, the adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in the highest versus lowest quartile of accumulative mean scores were 0.97 (0.96–0.99) for overweight/obesity, 0.96 (0.95–0.97) for total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 220 mg/dL, 0.96 (0.95–0.98) for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥ 140 mg/dL, and 0.97 (0.96–0.99) for triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL for a vegetable diet and 1.03 (1.01–1.04) for TC ≥ 220 mg/dL and 1.02 (1.01–1.04) for LDL-C ≥ 140 mg/dL for a juice/milk diet. In 2015, we found consistently significant associations for the vegetable and juice/milk diets, and the PR and 95% CI were 0.99 (0.98–1.00) for HDL-C < 40 mg/dL for a meat diet. The continuous promotion of the vegetable pattern diet is necessary to reduce cardiometabolic risks, particularly dyslipidemia, in Japan.

scholarly journals Prediction of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Czech Adults: Normative Values and Association with Cardiometabolic Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10251
Author(s):  
Geraldo A. Maranhao Neto ◽  
Iuliia Pavlovska ◽  
Anna Polcrova ◽  
Jeffrey I. Mechanick ◽  
Maria M. Infante-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
The Impact

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a strong independent predictor of morbidity and mortality. However, there is no recent information about the impact of CRF on cardiometabolic risk specifically in Central and Eastern Europe, which are characterized by different biological and social determinants of health. In this cross-sectional study normative CRF values were proposed and the association between CRF and cardiometabolic outcomes was evaluated in an adult Czechian population. In 2054 participants (54.6% females), median age 48 (IQR 19 years), the CRF was predicted from a non-exercise equation. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regressions were carried out to determine the associations. Higher CRF quartiles were associated with lower prevalence of hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and dyslipidemia. Comparing subjects within the lowest CRF, we see that those within the highest CRF had decreased chances of hypertension (odds ratio (OR) = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.22–0.60); T2D (OR = 0.16; 0.05–0.47), low HDL-c (OR = 0.32; 0.17–0.60), high low-density lipoprotein (OR = 0.33; 0.21–0.53), high triglycerides (OR = 0.13; 0.07–0.81), and high cholesterol (OR = 0.44; 0.29–0.69). There was an inverse association between CRF and cardiometabolic outcomes, supporting the adoption of a non-exercise method to estimate CRF of the Czech population. Therefore, more accurate cardiometabolic studies can be performed incorporating the valuable CRF metric.

scholarly journals Association among age, gender, menopausal status and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e041613
Author(s):  
Toshihide Izumida ◽  
Yosikazu Nakamura ◽  
Yukihiro Sato ◽  
Shizukiyo Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesSmall dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) might be a better cardiovascular disease (CVD) indicator than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); however, details regarding its epidemiology remain elusive. The present study aimed at evaluating the association between the demographic factors, such as age, gender and menopausal status, and sdLDL-C levels and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio in the Japanese population.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.Setting13 rural districts in Japan, 2010–2017.ParticipantsThis study included 5208 participants (2397 men and 2811 women), who underwent the health mass screening that was conducted in accordance with the medical care system for the elderly and obtained informed consent for this study.ResultsIn total, 517 premenopausal women (mean age ±SD, 45.1±4.2 years), 2294 postmenopausal women (66.5±8.8 years) and 2397 men (64.1±11.2 years) were analysed. In men, the sdLDL-C levels and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio increased during younger adulthood, peaked (36.4 mg/dL, 0.35) at 50–54 years, and then decreased. In women, relatively regular increasing trends of sdLDL-C level and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio until approximately 65 years (32.7 mg/dL, 0.28), followed by a downward or pleated trend. Given the beta value of age, body mass index, fasting glucose and smoking and drinking status by multiple linear regression analysis, standardised sdLDL-C levels and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio in 50-year-old men, premenopausal women and postmenopausal women were 26.6, 22.7 and 27.4 mg/dL and 0.24, 0.15 and 0.23, respectively. The differences between premenopausal and postmenopausal women were significant (p<0.001).ConclusionsSdLDL-C and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratios showed different distributions by age, gender and menopausal status. A subgroup-specific approach would be necessary to implement sdLDL-C for CVD prevention strategies, fully considering age-related trends, gender differences and menopausal status.

Cardiac Manifestation among Patients with Hypothyroidism - A Cross-Sectional Study in North Karnataka

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (26) ◽  
pp. 2283-2287
Author(s):  
Swetha Rajshekar Lakshetty ◽  
Nandini Devru
Keyword(s):  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiac Dysfunction ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism is the second most common endocrinopathy next to diabetes mellitus (DM). Hypothyroidism is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Cardiovascular complications are some of the most profound, reproducible and reversible clinical findings associated with thyroid disease1 . Hence this study was undertaken to assess the cardiac dysfunction among patients with hypothyroidism by electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiogram (ECHO) so as to provide a proper treatment guideline even among milder cases. METHODS This was a cross sectional study carried among 50 new patients of hypothyroidism who presented to Navodaya Hospital, Raichur during 2015 to 2017. They were clinically evaluated and underwent relevant investigations, including thyroid profile estimation, cardiac evaluation using ECG and 2D ECHO. RESULTS Most cases fell in the age group of 31 - 40 years. There was an overall female preponderance (76 %) over all age groups with mean age of 42.02 years. Goiter was found in 8 % of patients, bradycardia and hypertension was seen in 30 % and 22 % respectively. Central nervous system (CNS) examination revealed delayed ankle jerk in 40 % followed by hoarseness of voice in 38 % of patients. Lipid analysis showed increase of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), triglycerides (TGL) and decrease of highdensity lipoprotein (HDL). Normal ECG was found in 26 % of patients. Bradycardia was most common finding seen in 30 % (15) of patients. 24 % (12) of patients exhibited low voltage complexes. While, 46 % cases showed normal ECHO findings. 24 % of cases presented with pericardial effusion. 18 % cases presented with diastolic dysfunction among which majority were mild. None of the cases had severe diastolic dysfunction. Only a meagre 10 % cases showed intraventricular septum (IVS) thickness. CONCLUSIONS Pericardial effusion was seen among 24 % of patients while diastolic dysfunction was seen in 18 % patients. Thus, any unexplained pericardial effusion should be screened for hypothyroidism. KEYWORDS Hypothyroidism, Cardiac Dysfunction, 2D ECHO, ECG, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

scholarly journals Dyslipidaemias in women using hormonal contraceptives: a cross sectional study in Mulago Hospital Family Planning Clinic, Kampala, Uganda

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e022338
Author(s):  
Ritah Bakesiima ◽  
Pauline Byakika-Kibwika ◽  
James K Tumwine ◽  
Joan N Kalyango ◽  
Gloria Nabaasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Mulago Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Family Planning Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and factors associated with dyslipidaemias in women using hormonal contraceptives.DesignCross-sectional studySettingMulago Hospital, Kampala, UgandaParticipantsThree hundred and eighty-four consenting women, aged 18–49 years, who had used hormonal contraceptives for at least 3 months prior to the study.Study outcomeDyslipidaemias (defined as derangements in lipid profile levels which included total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein <40 mg/dL, triglyceride >150 mg/dL or low-density lipoprotein ≥160 mg/dL) for which the prevalence and associated factors were obtained.ResultsThe prevalence of dyslipidaemias was 63.3% (95% CI: 58.4 to 68.1). Body mass index (BMI) (PR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.54, p<0.001) and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) (PR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.42, p=0.020) were the factors significantly associated with dyslipidaemias.ConclusionDyslipidaemias were present in more than half the participants, and this puts them at risk for cardiovascular diseases. The high-risk groups were women with a BMI greater than 25 Kg/m2and those who were on ART. Therefore, lipid profiles should be assessed in women using hormonal contraceptives in order to manage them better.

scholarly journals Association of Tobacco Smoking with Physical Fitness of Military Males in Taiwan: The CHIEF Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang-Ying Su ◽  
Sheng-Huei Wang ◽  
Henry Horng-Shing Lu ◽  
Gen-Min Lin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Effective Sample Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Run Test

Tobacco smoking has been found associated with lower cardiorespiratory fitness in white and black males; however, few studies have not been conducted to clarify such relationship in Asian males. We performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between tobacco smoking status and physical fitness in 3,669 military males, averaged 29.4 years of age, from the cardiorespiratory fitness and hospitalization events in armed forces (CHIEF) study in Taiwan during 2014. There were 1,376 current smokers, and the others were noncurrent smokers. The effective sample size estimated was 1,230 participants, as the margin of error was ±3% at the 99% confidence level. Physical fitness was evaluated by time for a 3000-meter run test (aerobic fitness) and repetitive numbers of 2-minute sit-ups and 2-minute push-ups (anaerobic fitness) where all procedures were standardized by using computerized scoring systems. A multiple linear analysis adjusting for age, service specialty, body mass index, heart rate, alcohol intake, and training frequency was used to determine the relationship. As compared with noncurrent smoking, current smoking was inversely correlated with longer time for a 3000-meter run (β = 15.66 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 10.62, 20.70)) and fewer repetitive numbers of 2-minute sit-ups and 2-minute push-ups (β = −1.53 (95% CI: −2.08, −0.97) and −1.31 (95% CI: −2.12, −0.50), respectively). Our finding reconfirms the concept that tobacco smoking might reduce both aerobic and anaerobic fitness among young Asian males.

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