Numerical Modeling and Experimental Research of the Perforation Phenomenon of Certain Materials Used for Individual Protection by Bullets

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-179
Author(s):  
Florin Ilie ◽  
Nicolae Moro
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Ballistic Protection ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
Range Testing ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper captures two aspects related to the phenomenon of impact between bullets and different types of materials used for the individual protection of the militaries, for the same type of ammunition and for the same configuration of the ballistic protection system, both in the case of the activity of experimental shooting range testing, as well as in the case of the modeling and simulation of the impact between the bullet and the protection materials.

scholarly journals Development of an individual-based model for polioviruses: implications of the selection of network type and outcome metrics

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 836-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. RAHMANDAD ◽  
K. HU ◽  
R. J. DUINTJER TEBBENS ◽  
K. M. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
State Transitions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Support Policy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Outcome Metrics

SUMMARYWe developed an individual-based (IB) model to explore the stochastic attributes of state transitions, the heterogeneity of the individual interactions, and the impact of different network structure choices on the poliovirus transmission process in the context of understanding the dynamics of outbreaks. We used a previously published differential equation-based model to develop the IB model and inputs. To explore the impact of different types of networks, we implemented a total of 26 variations of six different network structures in the IB model. We found that the choice of network structure plays a critical role in the model estimates of cases and the dynamics of outbreaks. This study provides insights about the potential use of an IB model to support policy analyses related to managing the risks of polioviruses and shows the importance of assumptions about network structure.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Specialised Firefighter Clothing Used in Poland – the Thermal Parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1(139)) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Magdalena Młynarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Thermal Parameters ◽  
Thermal Manikin ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Evaporative Resistance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Local Thermal Insulation ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact

This paper describes the characteristic thermal parameters of firefighters’ personal protective clothing (FFPPC) used in Poland. The total thermal insulation and evaporative resistance of three different types of FFPPC were measured and used on a thermal manikin. Next, the results were compared. Based on the analyses and calculations of the test results, it was shown that FFPPC provides a barrier to the heat exchange between the user and the surrounding environment. Differences in the local thermal insulation can be triggered not only by the material used but they can also be attributable to clothes fitted on the manikin. The biggest differences can be noted on the segments forming part of the manikin’s trunk. No difference was found in the evaporative resistance between the clothes tested. In order to examine further the impact of the materials used on thermal parameters of protective clothing, it is necessary to carry out an analysis of the impact of individual layers.

scholarly journals Species Diversity of Oak Stands and Its Significance for Drought Resistance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kotlarz ◽  
Sylwia Nasiłowska ◽  
Karol Rotchimmel ◽  
Katarzyna Kubiak
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pca Algorithm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Remote Sensing Indices

Drought periods have an adverse impact on the condition of oak stands. Research on different types of ecosystems has confirmed a correlation between plant species diversity and the adverse effects of droughts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes which occurred in an oak stand (Krotoszyn Plateau, Poland) under the impact of the summer drought in 2015. We used a method based on remote sensing indices from satellite images in order to detect changes in the vegetation in 2014 and 2015. A positive difference was interpreted as an improvement, whereas a negative one was treated as a deterioration of the stand condition. The Shannon-Wiener species diversity was estimated using an iterative PCA algorithm based on aerial images. We observed a relationship between the species indices of the individual forest divisions and their response to drought. The highest correlation between the index differences and the Shannon-Wiener indices was found for the GNDVI index (+0.74). In addition, correlations were observed between the mean index difference and the percentage shares in the forest divisions of species such as Pinus sylvestris (+0.67 ± 0.08) and Quercus robur (-0.65 ± 0.10). Our results lead us to infer that forest management based on highly diverse habitats is more suitable to meet the challenges in the context of global climatic changes, characterized by increasingly frequent droughts.

scholarly journals Amplitude Modulated Noise for Tinnitus Suppression in Tonal and Noise-Like Tinnitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 309-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Schoisswohl ◽  
Johannes Arnds ◽  
Martin Schecklmann ◽  
Berthold Langguth ◽  
Winfried Schlee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Past Research ◽  
Acoustic Stimulation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pure Tones ◽  
Residual Inhibition ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Background: The phenomenon of short-term tinnitus suppression by different forms of acoustic stimulation is referred to as residual inhibition (RI). RI can be triggered in the majority of tinnitus cases and was found to be depending on the used intensity, length or types of sounds. Past research already stressed the impact of noise stimulation as well as the superiority of amplitude modulated (AM) pure tones at the individual tinnitus frequency for RI in tonal tinnitus. Recently a novel approach for the determination of noise-like tinnitus characteristics was proposed. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether in participants with noise-like tinnitus RI can be increased by AM noise stimuli according to the individual tinnitus frequency range. Methods: For this purpose the individual tinnitus characteristics (noise-like and tonal tinnitus) of 29 people affected by tinnitus (mean age = 55.59, 7 females, mean tinnitus duration = 159.97 months) were assessed via customizable noise-band matching. The objective was to generate bandpass filtered stimuli according to the individual tinnitus sound (individualized bandpass filtered [IBP] sounds). Subsequently, various stimuli differing in bandpass filtering and AM were tested with respect to their potential to induce RI. Participants were acoustically stimulated with 7 different types of stimuli for 3 min each and had to rate the loudness of their tinnitus after each stimuli. Results: Results indicate a general efficacy of noise stimuli for the temporary suppression of tinnitus, but no significant differences between AM and unmodulated IBP. Significantly better effects were observed for the subgroup with noise-like tinnitus (n = 14), especially directly after stimulation offset. Conclusions: The study at hand provides further insights in potential mechanisms behind RI for different types of tinnitus. Beyond that, derived principles may qualify for new or extend current tinnitus sound therapies.

SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK PAPAN PARTIKEL DARI LIMBAH PLASTIK JENIS HDPE (High Density Polyetylene) DAN RANTING/CABANG KARET (Hevea brasiliensis Muell.Arg)

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Sari Mirad Noor
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
High Density ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact

The need of log increace rapidly, mean while forest product decrease, so efficiency on wood process should be done wisely, in the other hand plastic waste is uncompossed material, become an environmental problems. This research aims to determine the impact of particles of type HDPE plastic wastes and twigs/branches of rubber on some physical and mechanical properties of wood. Physical properties have been tested for water content, density, thickness, and water absorption. Although mechanical properties tests were tough Broken/Module of Rufture (MOR) and the preservation of architecture/modulus of elasticity (MOE).     The raw materials used are polyethylene of high density of waste plastic and rubber adhesive urea formaldehyde branch branch. Experimental design used the randomized Completely Design (RCD) 5 x 4, in which each treatment became much like 5 times replicated).The treatment used is the diversity of the composition of the waste of plastic of different types of polyethylene of high density provides a significant effect on the content of water, water absorption, the density and the development of thickness. With regard to the persistence and the fracture of the arch determination not to give a significant effect.Keywords: physical and mechanical properties, particle board, HDPE plastic waste, branch/twig of  rubber.

Three-layer Permutation of the Phonionic Structure and the Influence of the Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2571-2574
Author(s):  
Michal Szota
Keyword(s):  
Layer Structure ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Transmission Structure ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wave Filters ◽  
Different Thickness

The study investigated the influence of permutation of a three-layer structure on the phononic system transmission. Phononic structures are used as mechanical wave filters. These composites are designed and manufactured to have specific properties. The most important property is the presence of phononic bandgaps (PhBG) in these structures. They are designed so that the PhBG occurs in a given frequency range. Knowledge of the impact of deployment of the layets in the structure allows better design of these filters. The analysis was carried out using the transmission matrix method (TMM) algorithm. The transmission structures was examined for all permutations of a system of three layers made of different materials. The structure consisted of mercury, epoxy, rubber and PNM-0.38PT. The materials are chosen so that their characteristics largely differ. The structure was surrounded by water. The tests were carried out for the frequency range up to 1 MHz. Cases with different thickness of layers were analyzed. The tests have shown that regardless of the layer thickness, only three types of transmission structures exist in the six permutations of the system. Systems in which the middle layer remained unchanged, while the outermost layers were changed, were characterized by the same transmission structure. Increasing the thickness of the layers increased the number of transmission bands. Transmission strongly depends on the environment.The absorption of the materials used was not taken into account in the work. Interesting results can be obtained by analyzing the permutation of more complex structures. Changing the order of layers in the filter without changing its characteristics may affect the reduction of production costs and easier design of structures with given properties. The article shows repeating phononic transmission structure for different types of layers alignment.

The impact of employees’ well-being on performance in the workplace

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Haddon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hr Managers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Made In

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to look at the link between employee well-being in the workplace and its effect on productivity. Specifically, it looks at the different types of well-being (physical, nutritional and mental) and how organisations should be putting the welfare of staff at the heart of their workplace culture, to ensure their well-being and productivity. Design/methodology/approach Written as a viewpoint, the paper outlines the ways in which organisations traditionally offer employees incentives to look after their physical and nutritional well-being, such as gym memberships and healthy food options. It goes on to look at the impact of mental health on productivity and the symptoms employees may display if they are suffering with mental illness. Findings Mental health is one of the key contributors to productivity, and employers should do more to ensure the mental well-being of their staff. In addition, it outlines the impact a person’s mental well-being can have not only on themselves, but also on those around them, affecting, therefore, the productivity of a team/organisation as a whole, not just the individual. Originality/value The findings in the paper are based on personal experience, as well as recent statistics which are used to highlight the importance of the arguments made in the paper about the effect of mental health on and individual’s well-being and productivity. It is designed to advise HR managers and employers of the steps they can take to ensure the well-being of their employees and the benefits to themselves in doing so.

Modeling and Simulation of Residential Power Demand Including Transportation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Maiorino ◽  
Stephanie Stockar ◽  
Marco Sorrentino ◽  
Giorgio Rizzoni
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Market Penetration ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Personal Transportation ◽  
The Impact

Personal transportation has a significant impact on the residential electric energy usage due to the interaction of alternative fueled vehicles with the electric grid. This phenomenon is projected to grow significantly, as several studies confirm that the market penetration of alternative fueled vehicles will steadily increase in the future. This paper presents a control-oriented model that predicts the daily residential power demand considering multiple energy carriers and different types of alternative fueled vehicles for personal transportation. The model has been used to perform an energy analysis on a large sample of homes with the objective of evaluating the impact of personal transportation on the residential electric power demand. Two penetration levels are considered in the study and the results are evaluated based on several metrics.

scholarly journals Review on the Thermal Performance on the Basis of Different Types of Material used in Ball Bearings

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Vinay Kumar Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Ball Bearings ◽  
Operating Environment ◽  
Rolling Bearings ◽  
Movable Object ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Operations And Maintenance ◽  
Frictional Forces ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact

Bearing is a movable object, so frictional forces must be overcome in terms of moving the Bearing. To decrease the friction force on the movable methodology, different kinds of bearings have been used. The bearing gets its characterized by the fact that it is used to support a rotating axle or shaft. Because rolling bearings utilize balls or rollers, they are referred to as "rolling components." one can measure bearing expected lifespan depending on the material exhaustion if one can understand the operations and maintenance of loads and speeds. These computations should be based on the assumption that now the bearing is appropriately installed, lubricated, and moreover treated. It is unable to account for the impact of detrimental operating environment. Damaged bearing has a significant economic and industrial implications. Numerous substance are used in the bearing sector to several bearing elements. To achieve maximum bearing performance and durability, the products are deposited to obtain intended characteristics. The components listed in this are the most frequently used. The different materials used in ball bearings are discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Respect of Skin Microbiome with Different Types of LeavE-on Skincare Products, an Ecobiological Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Callejon ◽  
Félix Giraud ◽  
Florence Larue ◽  
Armonie Buisson ◽  
Léa Matéos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Micellar Solution ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Skin Microbiome ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Oil In Water Emulsion ◽  
The Impact

Background: Skincare products are used daily to maintain a healthy skin (cleansing, moisturizing, protecting…), but their impact on this first layer, which corresponds to the skin microbiome, is still poorly understood. Preserving natural resources and mechanisms of the skin ecosystem is essential; an original approach based on these premises, called ecobiology, has recently emerged in skincare. Ecobiology considers the skin as an ever-evolving ecosystem which hosts human and microbial cells that interact together with their environment. In this context, we evaluated the impact on the skin microbiome of three types of leave-on face skincare products: a hydrophilic sterile solution, a micellar solution, and an oil-in-water emulsion. Materials and Methods: The individual microbial profiles of 20 Caucasian females were investigated. Samples were obtained twenty-four hours and four days following a daily application of the skincare products versus control area where no product was applied. To analyze the bacterial diversity and abundance of skin microbiome, a 16SrRNA gene sequencing was performed using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Results: Our results confirm the overall diversity of skin microbiome as previously observed and notably reveal the prevalence of Cutibacterium spp. and Staphylococcus spp. on sebaceous site (the back). Bacterial diversity and abundance were not affected by the products either twenty-four hours or four days after application, as indicated by comparison with the control. Moreover, no dissimilarity was observed between the three products versus their control, neither between each product. Conclusions: These preliminary results demonstrated for the first time that three different types of leave-on face skincare products such as a hydrophilic sterile solution, a micellar solution, and an emulsion have no impact on skin microbiome and can be considered as “microbiome friendly”.

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