The presentation of information in bilingual online dictionaries: The case of culture-specific phraseological units

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-179
Author(s):  
Marjeta Vrbinc ◽  
Alenka Vrbinc
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Language Community ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Cultural Information ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
Language Pair

AbstractLanguage and culture are closely connected, which is clearly reflected in many phraseological units (PUs). PUs are rarely used outside the language community in which they developed, thus causing comprehension problems to non-native speakers on account of their cultural specificity. That is why dictionaries should include cultural information to enable the users to learn about the cultural background of PUs. In online bilingual phraseological dictionaries, this type of information is of secondary importance if compared with dictionary equivalents, which are of primary importance. The aim of this article is to discuss types of additional information regarded as being of secondary importance and accessible by clicking on extra buttons, the focus being on the presentation of the cultural component. The language pair of sample entries illustrating the use of extra buttons is English and Slovenian, but the same principle could be employed in other language pairs with the necessary language-specific modifications and adaptations.

scholarly journals Significance of the ‘National and Cultural Component’ When Teaching Foreign Languages (Using Korean as an Example)

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. Voronina ◽  
Sergey A. Letun
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Cultural Information ◽  
Effective Delivery ◽  
Translation Methods ◽  
Cultural Component

Key approaches to clarify the notion of the national and cultural component were explored in application to the task of teaching lexical means of communication to Russian speaking students. The authors highlight its significant features that are important in terms of the teaching methods. A number of conclusions, which are significant for this task, were made based on the results of analyzing Korean sememes. The meanings, which are correlated with the national-cultural information conveying ethnocultural realities of the native speakers of the studied language, were determined. Groups of actual issues related to the determination of the scope of national-cultural information to be mastered by the students, mechanisms of its transmission in teaching and methods for the formation of relevant associations and images were highlighted. It is shown that the scope of accumulation of national-cultural information can vary at a certain level of education, therefore, it seems reasonable to talk about the list of associations as additional information to a certain lexical meaning, which has yet to become knowledge and be subsequently used at the stages of training and application of forming the lexical skills. It is stated that in respect of the linguo-didactic aspect it seems more rational to talk about a certain number of associations necessary for complete disclosure of the lexical meaning of the words, since neither translation nor non-translation methods of semantization by themselves allow students to differentiate the corresponding concepts without additional national-cultural information. Thus, methods of the most effective delivery of such information are to be specified for better results of teaching lexical means of communication to students.

NATIONAL-CULTURAL SPECIFICITY IN LITERARY TRANSLATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Arustamyan
Keyword(s):  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Cultural Information ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses the role of national-cultural information in a literary text and the necessity for its representation in a translated text. The opinions of several researchers regarding the relationship between language and culture are observed here. Basing on these general assumptions, the conclusion related to the specificity of culture representation in a literary translation is given.

scholarly journals Ways of conveying ethnocultural lexicon in translation of the novel Eugene Onegin by A. S. Pushkin into Portuguese (on the materials of Dário Moreira de Castro Alves’ translation)

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Vasilisa Andreevna Danilova
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Language Community ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Eugene Onegin ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
Linguistic Means

The subject of this research is the ethnocultural lexicon in translation of A. S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin” into Portuguese language. The author views the term realia as a lexicon with ethnocultural semantics, characteristic to a specific language community. The research is aimed at the analysis of the means of conveying realia in two non-cognate languages, as well as in determination of ethnocultural differences of the lexemes signifying similar notions. The author believes that understanding and accurate interpretation of culturally marked lexicon are essential for translating foreign literature, studying and teaching foreign languages. Methods of the research are contextual and comparative analysis of the Russian realia in translation, which allowed determining the distinctions in cognition of text among the Russian and Portuguese native speakers. The novelty of this work is defined by reference to the only translation of the novel “Eugene Onegin” into Portuguese language that has not previously been an object of a linguoculturological study. The research revealed that realia may contain cultural component in the meaning of words and their connotation. As a result, the author indicates the differences of linguistic means of conveying realia in the Russian and Portuguese languages, and established the ways of conveying ethnocultural lexicon in translation of the novel, such as correlation, hypo-hyperonymic translation, adaptation, periphrastic translation, and calquing.

Pro linhvistychni pokaznyky vzayemodiyi mova – kulʹtura na prykladi analizu polʹsʹko- ukrayinsʹkoho pohranychchya XV-XIXst.

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-148
Author(s):  
Halyna Маtsyuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Polish Language

The article is devoted to the formation of a linguistic interpretation of the interaction of language and culture of the Polish-Ukrainian border territories. The material for the analysis includes nomic systems of Ukrainian and Polish languages, which are considered as a cultural product of interpersonal and interethnic communication and an element of the language system, as well as invariant scientific theory created in the works of Polish onomastics (according to key theoretical concepts, tradition of analysis, and continuity in linguistic knowledge). The analysis performed in the article allows us to single out the linguistic indicators of the interaction of language and culture typical for the subject field of sociolinguistics. These are connections and concepts: language-territory, language-social strata, language-gender, language-ethnicity, social functions of the Polish language, and non-standardized spelling systems. Linguistic indicators reveal the peculiar mechanisms of the border in the historical memory and collective consciousness, marking the role of languages in these areas as a factor of space and cultural marker and bringing us closer to understanding the social relations of native speakers in the fifteenth-nineteenth centuries.

scholarly journals Afrikaans as universiteitstaal: Onlangse ontwikkelinge in historiese en internasionale perspektief

Literator ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Steyn
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Language Community ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
South African Universities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Official Status

A study of the history of South African universities from 1918 to 1948 showed that six factors influenced the use of a particular language as a language medium at a university, namely economic and political power, as well as the number of people in the language community (which determines matters such as the official status of the language and the availability of money for universities), lecturers' and students ’ knowledge of the language, its position as scholarly language, language loyalty and attitudes toward other languages and the support enjoyed by language and related ideologies. Whereas these factors were reasonably favourable for Afrikaans universities in the past, they currently pose a threat to the survival of Afrikaans-medium universities. The standpoint is defended that retaining Afrikaans as educational and scholarly language should be an important factor when making decisions on universities. The tension between internationalisation and retention of the own language and culture is also topical in Europe, and steps have been taken to try to protect the retention of Dutch as language medium at Dutch and Flemish universities.

scholarly journals REPRESENTATION OF A PERSON’S APPEARANCE IN TERMS OF CONSIDERATION OF THE AESTHETIC CATEGORY OF “UGLINESS” (ON MATERIAL OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS OF THE MANSI AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-355
Author(s):  
Oksana Yurisovna Dinislamova
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Aesthetic Taste ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Aesthetic

The article deals with phraseological units of the Mansi and Russian languages as lexical means of description of a person’s appearance within the framework of the aesthetic category of “ugliness” in the context of the linguocultural content of national pictures of the world; reflection of people’s ideas about “ugliness” is revealed; the universal and specific parameters of figurativeness of metaphorical expressions in description of “ugliness” are determined; the components of semantics and internal figurative forms that create the national-cultural specificity of the considered phraseological units are described. The purpose of the article is to study phraseological units representing the appearance of a person and being lexical means of representation of aesthetic feelings and aesthetic taste of the Mansi and Russian peoples by describing the aesthetic category of the “ugliness” existing in the minds of native speakers.

scholarly journals To the question of the cultural identity of metaphors

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Pavlishak
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Cultural Linguistics

The article is devoted to consideration of the metaphor from the perspective of cultural linguistics as a new area of knowledge that studies the interaction between language and culture. It demonstrates some metaphor characteristics as one of the figurative - expressive means. The article emphasizes the importance of metaphors to reflect national-cultural specificity of a language.

scholarly journals Termini in der technischen Übersetzung: Rettungsanker, Tyrannen – oder auch nur Wörter?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Oster
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Specific Study ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Technical Translation ◽  
Language Pair

The understanding of ‘term’ in traditional terminology theory reduces the lexical problems of technical translation to a mere substitution of the source-text term by a target-text term. In translation studies however , a number of issues have been highlighted which are not covered by traditional terminology theory, e.g. cultural specificity or the importance of textual and pragmatic considerations. This paper first analyses how the new communication and cognition-oriented approaches to terminology account for these aspects of technical translation. Then it briefly presents results of a language-pair and domain-specific study which allows us to exemplify some of the issues that have been discussed and to reach some specific conclusions for the translator of this linguistic combination.

THE INTERACTION OF LANGUAGES AND CULTURES AS AN OBJECT OF POLYPARADIGMATIC RESEARCH

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (103) ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
TATYANA E. VLADIMIROVA
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Unity Of Language ◽  
Active Communication ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
The Way

The focus of this article is on the integral unity of language and culture, which predetermined the evolution of the person speaking . An appeal to the ancient holistic methodology revealed the trinity of psychological intention and speech itself in the correlation with cultural values. Consequently, teaching a foreign language, focused on active communication with native speakers, is also an object of polyparadigmatic research, which should precede the development of new teaching technologies. The undertaken consideration made it possible to single out a synergetic approach as combining the teaching of a foreign language, culture and the way of beingness formed on their basis with a personal need for self-development and self-realization.

Target Language, Target Culture

2020 ◽  
pp. 1064-1081
Author(s):  
José Carlos Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Linguistic Competence ◽  
Target Language ◽  
General Description ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Language Classrooms ◽  
Target Culture

Learning a language must result in becoming competent in a new culture because accessing the culture language stands for and being able to share its cultural content requires learning not just the meaning but also the historical and social background of its vocabulary. Words reveal the linguistic and social behavior of native speakers and give students a full understanding of the target language. This chapter deals with different concerns present in foreign language classrooms, a space where language and intercultural competence must be developed. It describes some linguistic competence-related concerns (Section 1), then it deals with specific intercultural related aspects of grammar and perception which are part of the linguistic competence to be developed in class (Section 2) and it finishes with a general description of three basic ways used in the Spanish-as-second-language (SSL) classroom in order to teach language and culture so as to help students to develop intercultural competence (Section 3).

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