Johanna Seibt’s Process Ontology of Categorical Inference: On Nomological Axiomatics and Category Projection

Metaphysica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekin Erkan
Keyword(s):  
Limit Point ◽  
Formal Structure ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Process Ontology ◽  
Representational System ◽  
Cognitive Hierarchy ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Drawing from a Sellarsian realist-naturalist epistemology, we trace different levels of cognitive hierarchy procedures through which a representational system learns to update its own states and improve its ‘map-making’ capabilities from pre-conscious operations which modulate base-localization functions, to patterns of epistemic revision and integration at the conceptual and theoretical levels, producing a nomological double of its world. We show how ontological theorization becomes diachronically coordinated with and constrained by empirical science, and how the formal-quantitative kernel of scientific theories corresponds to qualitative-conceptual determinations at the structural level. Following Johanna Seibt’s characterization of ontology as a theory of categorial inference, we trace the preservation of inferential semantic structure across ontological theories in relation to model languages and provide provisional indications to coordinate Seibt’s account with a convergent realist assessment of systematic modeling, defining the epistemological conditions for articulating the preservation of formal structure in theories toward a limit-point of enquiry.

scholarly journals Simultaneous determination of various platycosides in Four Platycodon grandiflorum cultivars by UPLC-QTOF/MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae Young Lee ◽  
Bo-Ram Choi ◽  
Jae Won Lee ◽  
Yurry Um ◽  
Dahye Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Platycodon Grandiflorum ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenoid ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Platycodi Radix ◽  
Isomeric Pairs ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract In Platycodi Radix (root of Platycodon grandiflorum), there are a number of platycosides that consist of a pentacyclic triterpenoid aglycone and two sugar moieties. Due to the pharmacological activities of platycosides, it is critical to assess their contents in PR, and develop an effective method to profile various platycosides is required. In this study, an analytical method based on ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) with an in-house library was developed and applied to profile various platycosides from four different Platycodi Radix cultivars. As a result, platycosides, including six isomeric pairs, were successfully analyzed in the PRs. In the principal component analysis, several platycosides were represented as main variables to differentiate the four Platycodi Radix cultivars. Their different levels of platycosides were also represented by relative quantification. Finally, this study indicated the proposed method based on the UPLC-QTOF/MS can be an effective tool for identifying the detail characterization of various platycosides in the Platycodi Radix.

scholarly journals Spectral Decomposition of the Flow and Characterization of the Sound Signals through Stenoses with Different Levels of Severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Fardin Khalili ◽  
Peshala T. Gamage ◽  
Amirtahà Taebi ◽  
Mark E. Johnson ◽  
Randal B. Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Severity Level ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Proper Orthogonal ◽  
Different Levels

Treatments of atherosclerosis depend on the severity of the disease at the diagnosis time. Non-invasive diagnosis techniques, capable of detecting stenosis at early stages, are essential to reduce associated costs and mortality rates. We used computational fluid dynamics and acoustics analysis to extensively investigate the sound sources arising from high-turbulent fluctuating flow through stenosis. The frequency spectral analysis and proper orthogonal decomposition unveiled the frequency contents of the fluctuations for different severities and decomposed the flow into several frequency bandwidths. Results showed that high-intensity turbulent pressure fluctuations appeared inside the stenosis for severities above 70%, concentrated at plaque surface, and immediately in the post-stenotic region. Analysis of these fluctuations with the progression of the stenosis indicated that (a) there was a distinct break frequency for each severity level, ranging from 40 to 230 Hz, (b) acoustic spatial-frequency maps demonstrated the variation of the frequency content with respect to the distance from the stenosis, and (c) high-energy, high-frequency fluctuations existed inside the stenosis only for severe cases. This information can be essential for predicting the severity level of progressive stenosis, comprehending the nature of the sound sources, and determining the location of the stenosis with respect to the point of measurements.

Torsional characterization of ropes used offshore

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
I M L Ridge
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Torsional Response ◽  
In Series ◽  
Different Levels

The first part of this paper presents a general discussion of the various problems which must be addressed when combining different ropes in series or, in some cases, in using a rope in conditions where it is rotationally unrestrained. The paper will pay particular attention to the various classes of rope used in the offshore environment and their main torsional characteristics. In the second part, equipment is shown which is suitable for the measurement of the torsional response of various rope constructions at different levels of twist. Experimental data are presented for a variety of rope constructions at sizes comparable with those used in offshore applications. Comparison is made with data obtained in similar previous studies but with smaller‐diameter ropes.

scholarly journals High-growth firms and scale-ups: a review and research agenda

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-111
Author(s):  
Guilherme Fowler A. Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Growth Firms ◽  
Different Levels

Purpose This paper aims to conduct an extensive review and advances a framework for the literature of high-growth firms (HGFs) and scale-ups. Design/methodology/approach This paper takes the form of a literature review. Findings The author makes three specific contributions. First, he presents a broad review of high growth in firms, shedding light on the different levels of analysis. Second, he advances a characterization of scale-up companies to enable a better basis for discussion. Finally, he identifies gaps in the existing literature and suggest paths for future research. Originality/value The interest in HGFs and those referred to as scale-ups has increased considerably in recent years. Despite this trend, existing studies still have conceptual divergences and a gap separating theoretical inputs from the actual experiences of entrepreneurs.

Physico-chemical characterization of Cu2+-exchanged sepiolite

Clay Minerals ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Corma ◽  
J. Pérez-Pariente ◽  
J. Soria
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Tetrahedral Symmetry ◽  
Pyramidal Geometry ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
One Step ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Coordinated Water ◽  
Square Pyramidal Geometry ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractCopper-sepiolites exchanged at different levels have been studied by ESR, IR, and TG. The results indicate that in the unheated samples the Cu2+ ions are located in octahedral edge positions. After dehydration, the Cu2+ ions occur in two positions with different environments. Some of the Cu2+ ions lose the two molecules of coordinated water in one step, at low dehydration temperatures, and adopt a square pyramidal geometry. Other Cu2+ ions lose the coordination water in two steps, at lower temperature than the natural sepiolite, and adopt a tetrahedral symmetry.

scholarly journals Metatext and the Speech Mask of the Author (In the Works of Columnists)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 180-193
Author(s):  
Irina V. Vysotskaya ◽  
Viktoria A. Maryanchik
Keyword(s):  
Special Function ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Media Production ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Implicit Information ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Level Model

In the article the four-level model of the image of the author of publicistic text is considered. There are metatext, its structure and semantics are analyzed. The authors analyze the formation of meanings at the level of actual, conceptual and implicit information. The article proves the connection of metalanguage behavior with the semantic structure of the text. The authors identify the main functions of metatext in the column genre: coherence, differentiation of subject-speech narrative plans, characterization of words and utterances as signals of an epoch or social situation, modeling of the author’s image, etc. “Textotyping” is considered as special function of metatext. The authors also distinguish different types of metatext, including hidden metatext and metatext and fictitious metatext. A sample of metatext analysis of media production is shown. The article analyzes the speech mask and metatext behavior as a component of the author’s image.

scholarly journals Electrophysiological and Transcriptomic Features Reveal a Circular Taxonomy of Cortical Neurons

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Rodríguez-Collado ◽  
Cristina Rueda
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Neuronal Dynamics ◽  
Electrophysiological Signals ◽  
Visual Cortex Neurons ◽  
Line Level ◽  
Mouse Visual Cortex ◽  
Different Levels

The complete understanding of the mammalian brain requires exact knowledge of the function of each neuron subpopulation composing its parts. To achieve this goal, an exhaustive, precise, reproducible, and robust neuronal taxonomy should be defined. In this paper, a new circular taxonomy based on transcriptomic features and novel electrophysiological features is proposed. The approach is validated by analysing more than 1850 electrophysiological signals of different mouse visual cortex neurons proceeding from the Allen Cell Types database. The study is conducted on two different levels: neurons and their cell-type aggregation into Cre lines. At the neuronal level, electrophysiological features have been extracted with a promising model that has already proved its worth in neuronal dynamics. At the Cre line level, electrophysiological and transcriptomic features are joined on cell types with available genetic information. A taxonomy with a circular order is revealed by a simple transformation of the first two principal components that allow the characterization of the different Cre lines. Moreover, the proposed methodology locates other Cre lines in the taxonomy that do not have transcriptomic features available. Finally, the taxonomy is validated by Machine Learning methods which are able to discriminate the different neuron types with the proposed electrophysiological features.

scholarly journals Electrophysiological and Transcriptomic Features Reveal a Circular Taxonomy of Cortical Neurons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Rodríguez-Collado ◽  
Cristina Rueda
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Neuronal Dynamics ◽  
Electrophysiological Signals ◽  
Visual Cortex Neurons ◽  
Line Level ◽  
Mouse Visual Cortex ◽  
Different Levels

The complete understanding of the mammalian brain requires exact knowledge of the function of each of the neurons composing its parts. To achieve this goal, an exhaustive, precise, reproducible, and robust neuronal taxonomy should be defined. In this paper, a new circular taxonomy based on transcriptomic features and novel electrophysiological features is proposed. The approach is validated by analysing more than 1850 electrophysiological signals of different mouse visual cortex neurons proceeding from the Allen Cell Types Database. The study is conducted on two different levels: neurons and their cell-type aggregation into Cre Lines. At the neuronal level, electrophysiological features have been extracted with a promising model that has already proved its worth in neuronal dynamics. At the Cre Line level, electrophysiological and transcriptomic features are joined on cell types with available genetic information. A taxonomy with a circular order is revealed by a simple transformation of the first two principal components that allow the characterization of the different Cre Lines. Moreover, the proposed methodology locates other Cre Lines in the taxonomy that do not have transcriptomic features available. Finally, the taxonomy is validated by Machine Learning methods which are able to discriminate the different neuron types with the proposed electrophysiological features.

A Simple Approach to Characterize Finite Compressibility of Elastomers

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 912-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Gurvich ◽  
Thomas S. Fleischman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Bulk Modulus ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Axially Loaded ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract A hybrid experimental-numerical approach is proposed for accurate dimensionless characterization of rubber finite compressibility. Rubber specimens in the form of bonded rubber disks are considered as elastomeric structures with unknown material properties. These properties are calculated by matching results of FEA with experimental measurements of radial deformations of the axially-loaded disks. The approach may be used for reliable characterization of Poisson's ratio, bulk modulus, or other characteristics of interest. Implementation of the approach is considered for two representative elastomeric compounds with different levels of carbon black. Good experimental verification of the approach is shown at different levels of loading. Moreover, the same parameters of finite compressibility are independently obtained using both compressive and tensile loads. Higher compressibility is observed for a compound with larger content of carbon black as expected.

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