scholarly journals Electrospun fibers in regenerative tissue engineering and drug delivery

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 1799-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakthivel Nagarajan ◽  
Céline Pochat-Bohatier ◽  
Sébastien Balme ◽  
Philippe Miele ◽  
S. Narayana Kalkura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Tissue Engineering Application

AbstractElectrospinning is a versatile technique to produce micron or nano sized fibers using synthetic or bio polymers. The unique structural characteristic of the electrospun mats (ESM) which mimics extracellular matrix (ECM) found influential in regenerative tissue engineering application. ESM with different morphologies or ESM functionalizing with specific growth factors creates a favorable microenvironment for the stem cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. Fiber size, alignment and mechanical properties affect also the cell adhesion and gene expression. Hence, the effect of ESM physical properties on stem cell differentiation for neural, bone, cartilage, ocular and heart tissue regeneration will be reviewed and summarized. Electrospun fibers having high surface area to volume ratio present several advantages for drug/biomolecule delivery. Indeed, controlling the release of drugs/biomolecules is essential for sustained delivery application. Various possibilities to control the release of hydrophilic or hydrophobic drug from the ESM and different electrospinning methods such as emulsion electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning for drug/biomolecule loading are summarized in this review.

scholarly journals Graphene-Based Nanocomposites for Neural Tissue Engineering

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Bei ◽  
Yuhe Yang ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Yu Tian ◽  
Xiaoming Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neural Stem Cell ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Neural Tissue ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Neural Tissue Engineering ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites

Graphene has made significant contributions to neural tissue engineering due to its electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and high surface area. However, it demonstrates a lack of biological and chemical cues. Also, it may cause potential damage to the host body, limiting its achievement of efficient construction of neural tissues. Recently, there has been an increasing number of studies showing that combining graphene with other materials to form nano-composites can provide exceptional platforms for both stimulating neural stem cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and neural regeneration. This suggests that graphene nanocomposites are greatly beneficial in neural regenerative medicine. In this mini review, we will discuss the application of graphene nanocomposites in neural tissue engineering and their limitations, through their effect on neural stem cell differentiation and constructs for neural regeneration.

Role of Block Copolymers in Tissue Engineering Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sairish Malik ◽  
Subramanian Sundarrajan ◽  
Tanveer Hussain ◽  
Ahsan Nazir ◽  
Seeram Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Microphase Separation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Tissue Engineering Application ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Broad Variety

Research on synthesis, characterization, and understanding of novel properties of nanomaterials has led researchers to exploit their potential applications. When compared to other nanotechnologies described in the literature, electrospinning has received significant interest due to its ability to synthesize novel nanostructures (such as nanofibers, nanorods, nanotubes, etc.) with distinctive properties such as high surface-to-volume ratio, porosity, various morphologies such as fibers, tubes, ribbons, mesoporous and coated structures, and so on. Various materials such as polymers, ceramics, and composites have been fabricated using the electrospinning technique. Among them, polymers, especially block copolymers, are one of the useful and niche systems studied recently owing to their unique and fascinating properties in both solution and solid state due to thermodynamic incompatibility of the blocks, that results in microphase separation. Morphology and mechanical properties of electrospun block copolymers are intensely influenced by quantity and length of soft and hard segments. They are one of the best studied systems to fit numerous applications due to a broad variety of properties they display upon varying the composition ratio and molecular weight of blocks. In this review, the synthesis, fundamentals, electrospinning, and tissue engineering application of block copolymers are highlighted.

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanofibers and their Application in Tissue Repair and Engineering

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sareh Arjmand ◽  
Alireza Partovi Baghdadeh ◽  
Amin Hamidi ◽  
Seyed Omid Ranaei Siadat
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Tissue Engineering Application ◽  
Effective Parameters

Introduction: Tissue engineering is the repair and replacement of damaged tissues and requires a combination of cells, growth factor and porous scaffolds. Scaffolds, as one of the main components in tissue engineering, are used as a template for tissue regeneration and induction and guidance of growth of the new and biologically active tissues. An ideal scaffold in tissue engineering, imitating an extracellular matrix, provides a suitable environment for adhesion, growth and cell proliferation. Scaffolds have also been used as the carriers for the controlled delivery of drugs and proteins. Variety of porous scaffolds, fabricated from biological and synthetic materials and using different manufacturing methods, have been introduced. Among them nanofibrous scaffolds have attracted great attention due to remarkable advantages including the highly porous three-dimensional structure with interconnected cavities which enable the transportation of food and waste materials, as well as high surface to volume ratio. So far, different methods and techniques have been introduced for production of scaffolds with structures similar to the extracellular matrix. Amongst them electrospinning, due to easiness and more control over effective parameters, are preferred. The present study make a review about the used materials and various methods of nanofibrous scaffold fabrication using electrospinning technology, with emphasis on the use of tissue engineering application. It also discussed about the progress and challenges ahead and the goals and perspective presented for this approach.

Nanofibrous Scaffold Engineering Using Electrospinning

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4595-4603 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Murugan ◽  
Z. M. Huang ◽  
F. Yang ◽  
S. Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Fibrous Scaffold

Scaffold plays a critical role in tissue engineering where it provides necessary structural support for the cells to accommodate and to guide their growth in the three dimensional space into a specific tissue. Therefore, engineering scaffolds favorable for cell/tissue growth is of great importance and a pre-requisite for scaffold-based tissue engineering. Electrospinning is a versatile method that has been recently adapted in engineering nano-fibrous scaffolds that mimic the structural features of biological extracellular matrix (ECM). It offers many advantages over conventional scaffold methodologies, for example, capable of producing ultra-fine fibers with high porosity, high spatial orientation, high aspect ratio, and high surface area, which are highly required for the initial cell attachment, tissue formation, and continued function. Considering these astonishing merits, this article emphasis on nano-fibrous scaffold engineering by electrospinning.

Transformed Cuttlefish Bone Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

2010 ◽  
Vol 89-91 ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Battistella ◽  
Silvia Mele ◽  
S. Pietronave ◽  
Ismaela Foltran ◽  
G.I. Lesci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Engineering Application ◽  
Bone Scaffolds ◽  
Surface Development

Nature is full of many interesting things to work with, but many natural resources are also protected. In this view the recycling of aquaculture and fishery residues may lead to the manufacture of new devices and the isolation of new molecules with potential application in medicine. The aim of the present study was to explore the possibility to transform the cuttlefish bone into an hydroxyapatite scaffold suitable for bone tissue engineering application. The mixture of different lamellar porous structure of cuttlefish bone from the species Sepia Officinalis was selected and characterized, according to morphology (including porosity, surface development, surface characteristics) and mechanical properties. The material was transformed into suitable scaffold for bone tissue regeneration, trying to totally or partially convert calcium carbonate (aragonite) into calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite HA) using hydrothermal transformation. The studies on cell attachment and proliferation (by MTT assay at different experimental times), cell morphology with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) activities and expressions by mouse osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells on HA were investigated at different experimental times in cultures, in comparison with those observed on titanium specimens used as a control (ET and ST). Cell proliferation was less in HA transformed cuttlefish bone scaffolds than in ET and ST specimens. In contrast, good performance for osteoblasts differentiation was observed on HA transformed cuttlefish bone scaffolds, similar to those observed onto titanium scaffolds.

scholarly journals Basic Potential of Carbon Nanotubes in Tissue Engineering Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisao Haniu ◽  
Naoto Saito ◽  
Yoshikazu Matsuda ◽  
Tamotsu Tsukahara ◽  
Yuki Usui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Biological Responses

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attracting interest in various fields of science because they possess a high surface area-to-volume ratio and excellent electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties. Various medical applications of CNTs are expected, and the properties of CNTs have been greatly improved for use in biomaterials. However, the safety of CNTs remains unclear, which impedes their medical application. Our group is evaluating the biological responses of multiwall CNTs (MWCNTs)in vivoandin vitrofor the promotion of tissue regeneration as safe scaffold materials. We recently showed that intracellular accumulation is important for the cytotoxicity of CNTs, and we reported the active physiological functions CNTs in cells. In this review, we describe the effects of CNTsin vivoandin vitroobserved by our group from the standpoint of tissue engineering, and we introduce the findings of other research groups.

scholarly journals Graphene: A Versatile Carbon-Based Material for Bone Tissue Engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nileshkumar Dubey ◽  
Ricardo Bentini ◽  
Intekhab Islam ◽  
Tong Cao ◽  
Antonio Helio Castro Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Cell Growth And Differentiation ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Carbon Based

The development of materials and strategies that can influence stem cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation towards osteoblasts is of high interest to promote faster healing and reconstructions of large bone defects. Graphene and its derivatives (graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide) have received increasing attention for biomedical applications as they present remarkable properties such as high surface area, high mechanical strength, and ease of functionalization. These biocompatible carbon-based materials can induce and sustain stem cell growth and differentiation into various lineages. Furthermore, graphene has the ability to promote and enhance osteogenic differentiation making it an interesting material for bone regeneration research. This paper will review the important advances in the ability of graphene and its related forms to induce stem cells differentiation into osteogenic lineages.

scholarly journals Skin Tissue Engineering: Application of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes S. Klar ◽  
Jakub Zimoch ◽  
Thomas Biedermann
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Tissue Engineering Application ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Skin Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cell Source

Perception of the adipose tissue has changed dramatically over the last few decades. Identification of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) ultimately transformed paradigm of this tissue from a passive energy depot into a promising stem cell source with properties of self-renewal and multipotential differentiation. As compared to bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs), ASCs are more easily accessible and their isolation yields higher amount of stem cells. Therefore, the ASCs are of high interest for stem cell-based therapies and skin tissue engineering. Currently, freshly isolated stromal vascular fraction (SVF), which may be used directly without any expansion, was also assessed to be highly effective in treating skin radiation injuries, burns, or nonhealing wounds such as diabetic ulcers. In this paper, we review the characteristics of SVF and ASCs and the efficacy of their treatment for skin injuries and disorders.

scholarly journals New Insight into Natural Extracellular Matrix: Genipin Cross-Linked Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Extracellular Matrix Gel for Tissue Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Batzaya Nyambat ◽  
Yankuba B. Manga ◽  
Chih-Hwa Chen ◽  
Uuganbayar Gankhuyag ◽  
Andi Pratomo WP ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Tissue Engineering Application ◽  
Ecm Gel ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cell

The cell-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) is associated with a lower risk of pathogen transfer, and it possesses an ideal niche with growth factors and complex fibrillar proteins for cell attachment and growth. However, the cell-derived ECM is found to have poor biomechanical properties, and processing of cell-derived ECM into gels is scarcely studied. The gel provides platforms for three-dimensional cell culture, as well as injectable biomaterials, which could be delivered via a minimally invasive procedure. Thus, in this study, an adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-derived ECM gel was developed and cross-linked by genipin to address the aforementioned issue. The genipin cross-linked ADSC ECM gel was fabricated via several steps, including rabbit ADSC culture, cell sheets, decellularization, freeze–thawing, enzymatic digestion, neutralization of pH, and cross-linking. The physicochemical characteristics and cytocompatibility of the gel were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the genipin cross-linking could significantly enhance the mechanical properties of the ADSC ECM gel. Furthermore, the ADSC ECM was found to contain collagen, fibronectin, biglycan, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, which could substantially maintain ADSC, skin, and ligament fibroblast cell proliferation. This cell-derived natural material could be suitable for future regenerative medicine and tissue engineering application.

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