scholarly journals Comparative analysis of opinions of Warsaw Medical University students on electronic examinations and final tests by their participation in this form of knowledge assessment – preliminary report

2015 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Gotlib ◽  
Mariusz Panczyk ◽  
Piotr Gębski ◽  
Aleksander Zarzeka ◽  
Lucyna Iwanow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Knowledge Assessment ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
Modern Computer ◽  
Special Procedure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Introduction. Apart from the increasing popularity of modern information technologies and the development of e-learning methods used for teaching medicine and health sciences, there was a spike of interest in using modern computer techniques for checking students’ knowledge. Aim. The aim of the study was to compare the opinions of students of Medical University of Warsaw about the examinations and final tests conducted using the e-exam ASK Systems platform, measured by their participation in this form of assessmen knowledge. Material and methods. 148 students; group 1 comprised students participating in an e-exam (59 persons) and group 2 included students not participating in an e-exam (89 persons). A voluntary, anonymous questionnaire study, electronic questionnaire, 58 statements measured using the Likert scale. Questionnaire reliability assessment: analysis of internal consistency with Cronbach’s Alfa coefficient (α>0.70). Statistical analysis: STATISTICA 12.0 licensed to WMU, Mann-Whitney U test. Results. Cronbach’s α coefficient for the scale amounted to 0.70. Members of group 1 were more likely to admit that students need to put in extra effort into participating in an e-exam (p<0.001) and that test results might be worse than in case of a regular exam (p<0.050). Group 1 significantly more often reported that the participation in an e-exam can cause additional examination stress (p<0.002) and makes cheating during exams more probable (p<0.003). Conclusions. 1. An analysis of the questionnaire demonstrated that this tool is reliable and can be used in further studies. 2. The participation in an e-exam slightly influenced the opinions of students on this form of knowledge assessment, which may mean that the students’ expectations concerning e-exams were consistent with the actual course of the exam. Therefore, students do not need any special procedure to prepare for e-exams. 3. This was a pilot study and it needs to be continued among the same group of students before and after the e-exam.

Comparison of 24-Hour Electrocardiogram Parameters in Patients with Graves Disease Before and After Anti-Thyroid Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamze Akkuş ◽  
Yeliz Sökmen ◽  
Mehmet Yılmaz ◽  
Özkan Bekler ◽  
Oğuz Akkuş
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Surgical Therapy ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Euthyroid Status ◽  
Ectopic Beats ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Electrocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Group 1

Background: We aimed prospectively investigate the laboratory and electrocardiographic parameters (hearth rate, QRS, QT, QTc, Tpe, Tpe/QTc, arrhythmia prevalance) in patients with graves disease before and after antithyroid therapy. Methods: 71 patients (48 female, 23 male), age between 18-50 (mean±SD: 36.48±12.20 ) with GD were included into the study. Patients treated with antithyroid therapy (thionamids and/or surgical therapy) to maintain euthyroid status. Patients were examined in terms of electrocardiographic parameters before and after the treatment. Results: Mean TSH, free thyroxin (fT4) and tri-iodothyrionine (fT3) levels of all patients were 0.005±0.21, 3.27± 1.81, 11.42±7.44, respectively. While 9 patients (group 2) underwent surgical therapy, had suspicious of malignant nodule or large goiter and unresponsiveness to medical treatment; the other patients (n=62, group 1) were treated with medical therapy. Patients with surgical therapy had more increased serum fT4 (p=0.045), anti-thyroglobulin value (p=0.018) and more severe graves orbitopathy (n=0.051) before treatment when compared to medical therapy group. Baseline Tpe duration and baseline Tpe/QTc ratio and frequency of supraventricular ectopic beats were found to be significantly higher in group 2 when compared to group 1 (p=0.00, p=0.005). Otherwise baseline mean heart rate, QRS duration, QTc values of both groups were similar. Although the patients became their euthyroid status, group 2 patients had still suffered from more sustained supraventricular ectopics beats than group 1. Conclusion: Distinct from medical treatment group, surgical treatment group with euthyroidism at least 3 months had still suffered from an arrhythmia (Tpe, Tpe/QTc, supraventricular and ventricular ectopic beats).

scholarly journals Adaptive functional change of the contralateral kidney after partial nephrectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (2) ◽  
pp. F192-F198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Young Choi ◽  
Sangjun Yoo ◽  
Dalsan You ◽  
In Gab Jeong ◽  
Cheryn Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Partial Nephrectomy ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Contralateral Kidney ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
American Society ◽  
American Society Of Anesthesiologists ◽  
Group 1

Partial nephrectomy aims to maintain renal function by nephron sparing; however, functional changes in the contralateral kidney remain unknown. We evaluate the functional change in the contralateral kidney using a diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) renal scan and determine factors predicting contralateral kidney function after partial nephrectomy. A total of 699 patients underwent partial nephrectomy, with a DTPA scan before and after surgery to assess the separate function of each kidney. Patients were divided into three groups according to initial contralateral glomerular filtration rate (GFR; group 1: <30 ml·min−1·1.73 m−2, group 2: 30–45 ml·min−1·1.73 m−2, and group 3: ≥45 ml·min−1·1.73 m−2). Multiple-regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with increased GFR of the contralateral kidney over a 4-yr postoperative period. Patients in group 1 had a higher mean age and hypertension history, worse American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and larger tumor size than in the other two groups. The ipsilateral GFR changes at 4 yr after partial nephrectomy were −18.9, −3.6, and 3.9% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, whereas the contralateral GFR changes were 10.8, 25.7, and 38.8%. Age [β: −0.105, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.213; −0.011, P < 0.05] and preoperative contralateral GFR (β: −0.256, 95% CI: −0.332; −0.050, P < 0.01) were significant predictive factors for increased GFR of the contralateral kidney after 4 yr. The contralateral kidney compensated for the functional loss of the ipsilateral kidney. The increase of GFR in contralateral kidney is more prominent in younger patients with decreased contralateral renal function.

A cross-sectional research conducted in Malatya province, Turkey: Knowledge levels and awareness about rational antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance before and after graduation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADEM KOSE
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Senior Students ◽  
Rational Antibiotic Use ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Irrational antibiotic use can adversely affect treatment outcomes or even lead to increased antimicrobial resistance. We aimed to determine antimicrobial prescribing habits and to evaluate the level of theoretical knowledge of rational antibiotic use and awareness about antimicrobial resistance among the senior students of medical faculty and the family physicians in Malatya province in Turkey. Methods This study was cross-sectional research and was carried out between dates of 01 February-30 April 2019, in Malatya province. Power analysis was calculated as minimum 240 participants when considering a proportion difference of 0.18 between the groups, a type I error of 0.05 and a type II error of 0.20. A total 225 senior students in Inonu University Medical Faculty (Group 1) and 230 actively-working family physicians in Malatya primary healthcare services who were found eligible (Group 2) were included in to this study. A questionnaire form was prepared including seven sections and thirty questions. All of the participants were interviewed face to face. Before the questions, the purpose of the study and the contents of the questions were explained to participants. Qualitative data were analyzed by Pearson chi-square test. A p<0.05 value was considered to be statistically significant. Results The group 1 had a tendency to apply to specialist physician when starting to themselves antibiotic treatment, they were more cautious when making antibiotic decision, and their theoretical knowledge level was better. They argued that penal sanctions could be more effective by developing strict use policies to raise awareness of resistance to antibiotics. The group 2 had higher self-confidence and it was also concluded that forgot their theoretical antibiotic knowledge over time and could not follow the novel information because of the intensity of working life. Both groups stated that post-graduation trainings could be used effectively for reducing the antibiotic resistance. Conclusion This study highlighted the need for immediate action of training and corrective actions and might create awareness to determine the difference in theoretical knowledge levels and behavior models of physicians before and after graduation and to reduce higher use rates to lower levels. Key words: Antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic, awareness, rational use

Attitude of the Canine in Secondary Bone-Grafted and Nongrafted Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enkhtuvshin Gereltzul ◽  
Yoshiyuki Baba ◽  
Kimie Ohyama
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Objective To investigate the eruption pattern of the cleft-side canine regarding its pre-eruption position relative to the cleft in bone-grafted (BG) and nongrafted (NonBG) patients with cleft lip and palate. Methods Fifty-three patients with cleft lip and palate (21 BG, 32 NonBG) were examined by panoramic radiography and posteroanterior cephalography taken before and after canine eruption. Subjects were categorized into BG, NonBG, and control groups. Canines at the pre-eruption stage were categorized as close to (group 1) or distant from (group 2) the cleft area. The canine angle and its change between the two stages were evaluated. Results No significant differences were noted between the initial canine angle of the BG and NonBG groups. Although canines in the BG group erupted without a significant change in angle, the canine angle increased significantly (p < .0001) in the NonBG and control groups. In group 1, a greater change in canine angle was noted in the NonBG (p < .05) and control (p < .01) groups than in the BG group. In group 2, no significant difference was noted among the three groups. Conclusions In BG patients, a canine located near the cleft appears to erupt at the same angle as it had before grafting. However, in NonBG patients, it erupts more vertically, guided by cortical bone. For canines distant from the cleft area, there is no significant difference in the change in angulation between NonBG and BG patients.

scholarly journals The effect of capped biparametric magnetic resonance imaging slots on weekly prostate cancer imaging workload

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1108) ◽  
pp. 20190929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Sushentsev ◽  
Iztok Caglic ◽  
Evis Sala ◽  
Nadeem Shaida ◽  
Rhys A Slough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Mean Absolute Deviation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To introduce capped biparametric (bp) MRI slots for follow-up imaging of prostate cancer patients enrolled in active surveillance (AS) and evaluate the effect on weekly variation in the number of AS cases and total MRI workload. Methods: Three 20 min bpMRI AS slots on two separate days were introduced at Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge. The weekly numbers of total prostate MRIs and AS cases recorded 15 months before and after the change (Groups 1 and 2, respectively). An intergroup variation in the weekly scan numbers was assessed using the coefficient of variance (CV) and mean absolute deviation; the Mann–Whitney U test was used for an intergroup comparison of the latter. Results: In AS patients, a shift from considerable to moderate variation in weekly scan numbers was observed between the two groups (CV, 51.7 and 26.8%, respectively); mean absolute deviation of AS scans also demonstrated a significant decrease in Group 2 (1.28 vs 2.58 in Group 1; p < 0.001). No significant changes in the variation in total prostate MRIs were observed, despite a 10% increased workload in Group 2. Conclusion: A significant reduction in weekly variation of AS cases was demonstrated following the introduction of capped bpMRI slots, which can be used for more accurate long-term planning of MRI workload. Advances in knowledge: The paper illustrates the potential of introducing capped AS MRI slots using a bp protocol to reduce weekly variation in demand and allow for optimising workflow, which will be increasingly important as the demands on radiology departments increase worldwide.

scholarly journals Impact of high-fidelity e-learning on knowledge acquisition and satisfaction in radiation oncology trainees

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gillan ◽  
J. Papadakos ◽  
J. Brual ◽  
N. Harnett ◽  
A. Hogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Radiation Oncology ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Knowledge Assessment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Assessment Performance

Background e-Learning is an underutilized tool in education for the health professions, and radiation medicine, given its reliance on technology for clinical practice, is well-suited to training simulation in online environments. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the knowledge impact and user interface satisfaction of high- (hf) compared with low-fidelity (lf) e-learning modules (e-modules) in radiation oncology training.Methods Two versions of an e-module on lung radiotherapy (lf and hf) were developed. Radiation oncology residents and fellows were invited to be randomized to complete either the lf or the hf module through individual online accounts over a 2-week period. A 25-item multiple-choice knowledge assessment was administered before and after module completion, and user interface satisfaction was measured using the Questionnaire for User Interaction Satisfaction (quis) tool.Results Of 18 trainees, 8 were randomized to the lf module, and 10, to the hf module. Overall, knowledge assessment performance increased (11%, p < 0.05), with hf-group participants reporting a 13% improvement (p = 0.02), and senior participants reporting an almost 15% improvement (p < 0.01). Scores on the quis indicated that participants were satisfied with various aspects of the user interface.Conclusions The hf e-module had a greater impact on knowledge acquisition, and users expressed satisfaction with the interface in both the hf and lf situations. The use of e-learning in a competency-based curriculum could have educational advantages; participants expressed benefits and drawbacks. Preferences for e-learning integration in education for the health professions should be explored further.

scholarly journals Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in preeclampsia: heterogeneous contribution, mechanisms, and morphological prerequisites

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (2) ◽  
pp. R510-R519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanid Luksha ◽  
Henry Nisell ◽  
Natallia Luksha ◽  
Marius Kublickas ◽  
Kjell Hultenby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Main Pathway ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Group 1

We hypothesized that in preeclampsia (PE), contribution of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) and the mechanism/s of its action differ from that in normal pregnancy (NP). We aimed to assess endothelial function and morphology in arteries from NP and PE with particular focus on EDHF. Arteries (≈200 μm) were dissected from subcutaneous fat biopsies obtained from women undergoing cesarean section. With the use of wire myography, responses to the endothelium-dependent agonist bradykinin (BK) were determined before and after inhibition of pathways relevant to EDHF activity. The overall responses to BK in arteries from PE ( n = 13) and NP ( n = 17) were similar. However, in PE, EDHF-mediated relaxation was reduced ( P < 0.05). All women within the PE group were divided into two subgroups: with more ( group 1) or less ( group 2) than 50% reduction of EDHF-typed responses after 18-α-glycyrrhetinic acid (an inhibitor of myoendothelial gap junctions, MEGJs). The division showed that 1) MEGJs are principally involved when the EDHF contribution is reduced; and 2) when the EDHF contribution is similar to that in NP, the H2O2 and/or cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase products of arachidonic acid (AA), along with MEGJs, confer EDHF-mediated relaxation. In contrast, MEGJs were the main pathway for EDHF in NP. The abundant presence of MEGJs in arteries from NP but deficiency of them in PE was observed using transmission electron microscopy. We conclude that PE is associated with heterogeneous contribution of EDHF, and the mechanism behind EDHF-typed responses is mediated either by MEGJs alone or in combination with H2O2 or cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase metabolites of AA.

scholarly journals Effect of Cycloplegia on Keratometric and Biometric Parameters in Keratoconus

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nihat Polat ◽  
Abuzer Gunduz
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Corneal Curvature ◽  
Corneal Surface ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Purpose.To obtain information about effect of cycloplegia on keratometry and biometry in keratoconus.Methods.48 keratoconus (Group 1) and 52 healthy subjects (Group 2) were included in the study. We measured the flat meridian of the anterior corneal surface (K1), steep meridian of the anterior corneal surface (K2), lens thickness (LT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and axial length (AL) using the Lenstar LS 900 before and after cycloplegia.Results.The median K1 in Group 1 was 45.64 D before and 45.42 D after cycloplegia, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The median K2 in Group 1 was 50.96 D before and 50.17 D after cycloplegia, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). The median K1 and K2 in Group 2 were 42.84 and 44.49 D, respectively, before cycloplegia, and 42.84 and 44.56 D after cycloplegia, and the differences were not statistically significant (allP>0.05). There were significant differences in SE, LT, ACD, and RLP between before and after cycloplegia in either Group 1 (allP<0.05) or Group 2 (allP<0.05). There were not statistically significant differences in AL between before cycloplegia and after cycloplegia in either Group 1 (P=0.533) or group 2 (P=0.529).Conclusions.Flattened corneal curvature and increase in ACD following cycloplegia in keratoconus patients were detected.

Suicidal Behavior and Community Mental Health Care in Emilia-Romagna (Italy)

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Crepet ◽  
S. Caracciolo ◽  
D. Fabbri ◽  
A. Tomelli ◽  
S. Tugnoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Community Mental Health Service ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Previous Contact ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Parasuicide and aftercare treatment in a Community Mental Health Service (CMHS) were studied both retrospectively and prospectively. Data were extracted from CMHS Epidemiological Register. Six hundred and fifty persons were recruited (450 F, 200 M), referring to 779 parasuicide episodes. Higher rates (102/100,000) were observed in females in the age class fifteen to twenty-four, while the general rate was 52.79. Psychiatric care was studied for 311 suicide attempters, subsequently divided in three Groups. Thirty-nine subjects (12.5%) previously unknown at CMHS resulted to receive psychiatric treatment after follow up (GROUP 1), while seventy-two attempters (23.15%) with previous contact (GROUP 2) remained mostly (16.4%) in contact; two-hundred subjects (64.3%) without previous contact were still unknown after parasuicide (GROUP 3). Parasuicide repetition was higher for Group 2, while suicide incidence was higher for Group 1. Results suggest that most peclple skip psychiatric care before and after parasuicide.

scholarly journals Vaginal Impact of the Oral Administration of Total Freeze-Dried Culture of LCR 35 in Healthy Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Bohbot ◽  
J. M. Cardot
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Nugent Score ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The use of probiotics in the prevention or treatment of some vaginal infections has been the subject of numerous studies. To assess the presence ofLactobacillus casei rhamnosus(LCR35) in the vagina after an oral administration, an open randomised pilot study was conducted on 20 healthy women of child-bearing age.Materials and Methods. 2 groups of 10 women were given a 28-day oral course, that is, at least 108 CFU/day (group 1) or2×108 CFU/day (group 2) of LCR35. Nugent score and vaginal screening for LCR35 were undertaken before and after 28 days of treatment.Results. The mean Nugent score decreased in group 1 (−0,2) as well as in group 2 (−0,3). 10% of women in group 1 versus 40% of women in group 2 were carrying LCR35 at the end of the trial.Conclusion. LCR35, at the minimal dose of 2 × 108 CFU/day, can return the Nugent score to normal in healthy women of child-bearing age, by means of a well-tolerated vaginal temporary presence. Phase III clinical trials will specify the preventive or curative impact of this orally administered strain on a range of vaginal disorders such as bacterial vaginosis or vulvovaginal candidiasis.

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