Effect of banana fibers and plasticizer on melt processing of poly(vinyl alcohol)

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yottha Srithep ◽  
Dutchanee Pholharn ◽  
Onpreeya Veang-in ◽  
Suphan Yangyuen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crystallization Temperature ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Melt Processing ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Banana Fibers

Abstract Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) resin is one of the most widely used water-soluble biodegradable polymer. Because of thermal degradation, PVOH exhibits limited melt processing and lacks moldability. The effects of adding glycerol as plasticizer and banana fibers (BF) to PVOH on its moldability and mechanical property were investigated. Melt blending of PVOH with glycerol and/or BF was performed in an internal mixer. The blended materials were then compression molded to produce tensile specimens. Various characterization techniques were employed to study the mechanical properties, compatibility, and crystallization behavior of the PVOH blends. By melt blending with glycerol, PVOH could be processed but decreased the tensile modulus, tensile strength, and crystallization temperature. Furthermore, the addition of BF enhanced the mechanical and thermal properties and crystallization temperature of plasticized PVOH due to compatibility between the two components. Apart from enhancing the mechanical properties and thermal stability, the incorporation of BF can reduce the production cost.

scholarly journals Study on the Mechanical Properties of Palm Kernel Fibre Reinforced Epoxy and Poly-Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) Composite Material

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 68-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osita Obiukwu ◽  
Ignatius Opara ◽  
Henry Udeani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Resonant Amplitude ◽  
Coconut Fibre

The goal of this paper is to determine the mechanical properties of a proposed combined polymer composite which consist of a poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix and palm kernel fibre reinforced with epoxy. The influence of fibres volume on the mechanical properties of the composites was also evaluated. Composites with volumetric amounts of palm kernel fibre up to 12 % were fabricated and they were arranged in randomly oriented discontinues form. Tensile, impact, flexural and hardness tests were carried out to determine the characteristics of material. The acquired results show that the tensile modulus changes with the fibre content. The strength of coconut fibre reinforced composites tends to decrease with the amount of fibre which indicates ineffective stress transfer between the fibre and matrix. When higher fibre content of 10% was used, the damping peak shows the maximum value for almost all the frequency mode. It was observed that the effects of reinforcing poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA matrix with the palm kernel fibres caused the composites to be more flexible and easily deform due to high strain values and reduction of high resonant amplitude. In general, the mechanical properties of the developed composite showed variation at different test performed. This led to the conclusion that the material is most useful were strength to weight ratio is needed. The optimum percentage of fibre in epoxy resin to obtain the highest tensile properties was found at 10 vol. %. It was also found that fibre, dispersion of fibre and interfacial adhesion between fibre–matrix can affect the mechanical properties of the composites.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of Fibroin Nanofibers (FNFs) via Electrospinning: Fabrication of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/FNFs Composite Nanofibers from Aqueous Solution

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Shohei Fujita ◽  
Huaizhong Xu ◽  
Yubing Dong ◽  
Yoko Okahisa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Composite Nanofibers ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phase Image ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer

Fibroin nanofibers (FNFs) achieved from physical treated silk can keep its original crystal structure, showing excellent mechanical properties, however, processing the FNFs into fibers is still a challenge. Herein, a brand-new environmentally friendly approach is proposed to manufacture FNFs-based composite nanofibers. The water-soluble polymer, poly(vinyl alcohol) PVA, was applied to increase the viscoelasticity of the spinning dope, and the content of FNFs can reach up to 20 wt%. The established phase image of spinning suggested that the concentrations ranging from 6 wt% to 8 wt% are premium to achieving relatively homogenous FNFs/PVA nanofibers. Random fibers were deposited on a fixed collector, while the fiber orientation intensity increased with the rotational speed of drum and started decreasing after 12 m/s. The mechanical properties of the composite nanofibers showed the similar tendency of variation of fiber orientation. In addition, chemical changes, crystallinity, and thermal properties of the composite nanofibers were further clarified by means of FTIR, DSC, and TG. As a result, high FNFs contained nanofibers with excellent thermal properties were created from an aqueous solution. This study is the first original work to realize the spinnability of FNFs, which provides a new insight of the FNFs.

scholarly journals Changing Compliance of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Tubular Scaffold for Vascular Graft Applications Through Modifying Interlayer Adhesion and Crosslinking Density

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
YeJin Jeong ◽  
Yuan Yao ◽  
Tizazu H. Mekonnen ◽  
Evelyn K. F. Yim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer ◽  
Physical Crosslinking

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a water-soluble polymer and forms a hydrogel that has been studied as a potential small-diameter (<6 mm) vascular graft implant. The PVA hydrogel crosslinked using sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) has been shown to have many beneficial properties such as bioinert, low-thrombogenicity, and easy surface modification. Compared to conventional synthetic vascular graft materials, PVA has also shown to possess better mechanical properties; however, the compliance and other mechanical properties of PVA grafts are yet to be optimized to be comparable with native blood vessels. Mechanical compliance has been an important parameter to be studied for small-diameter vascular grafts, as compliance has been proposed to play an important role in intimal hyperplasia formation. PVA grafts are made using dip-casting a cylindrical mold into crosslinking solution. The number of dipping can be used to control the wall thickness of the resulting PVA grafts. In this study, we hypothesized that the number of dip layers, chemical and physical crosslinking, and interlayer adhesion strength could be important parameters in the fabrication process that would affect compliance. This work provides the relationship between the wall thickness, burst pressure, and compliance of PVA. Furthermore, our data showed that interlayer adhesion as well as chemical and physical crosslinking density can increase the compliance of PVA grafts.

Effect of Soya Bean Flour Content on Mechanical Properties and Biodegradability of Poly(vinyl Alcohol) Film

2012 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 360-365
Author(s):  
Fairus Mazlia Mat Suki ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Biodegradable Film ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Positive Effect

Biodegradable film blends of soya bean flour with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were prepared by solution mixing and solution casting. The main goal of this study is to investigate the effect of soya bean flour content in the PVA film. Mechanical properties of the obtained blends were assessed by tensile testing, whereas the biodegradability were assessed by subjected the films in natural weathering. The incorporation of soya bean flour decreased the tensile strength and elongation at break of PVA film. However, the tensile modulus increased with the addition of soya bean flour. The reduction in tensile properties of the PVA/soya bean flour blend films revealed that the presence of soya bean flour show positive effect in degradation.

scholarly journals Novel Hydrogels of Chitosan and Poly (vinyl alcohol) Reinforced with Inorganic Particles of Bioactive Glass

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
O. Sánchez-Aguinagalde ◽  
Ainhoa Lejardi ◽  
Emilio Meaurio ◽  
Rebeca Hernández ◽  
Carmen Mijangos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Release Studies

Chitosan (CS) and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels, a polymeric system that shows a broad potential in biomedical applications, were developed. Despite the advantages they present, their mechanical properties are insufficient to support the loads that appear on the body. Thus, it was proposed to reinforce these gels with inorganic glass particles (BG) in order to improve mechanical properties and bioactivity and to see how this reinforcement affects levofloxacin drug release kinetics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), swelling tests, rheology and drug release studies characterized the resulting hydrogels. The experimental results verified the bioactivity of these gels, showed an improvement of the mechanical properties and proved that the added bioactive glass does affect the release kinetics.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Hybrid Nanofibers from Biopolymers and Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Poly (ε-Caprolactone) for Wound Dressing Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2104
Author(s):  
Sibusiso Alven ◽  
Blessing Atim Aderibigbe
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Hybrid Nanofibers

The management of chronic wounds is challenging. The factors that impede wound healing include malnutrition, diseases (such as diabetes, cancer), and bacterial infection. Most of the presently utilized wound dressing materials suffer from severe limitations, including poor antibacterial and mechanical properties. Wound dressings formulated from the combination of biopolymers and synthetic polymers (i.e., poly (vinyl alcohol) or poly (ε-caprolactone) display interesting properties, including good biocompatibility, improved biodegradation, good mechanical properties and antimicrobial effects, promote tissue regeneration, etc. Formulation of these wound dressings via electrospinning technique is cost-effective, useful for uniform and continuous nanofibers with controllable pore structure, high porosity, excellent swelling capacity, good gaseous exchange, excellent cellular adhesion, and show a good capability to provide moisture and warmth environment for the accelerated wound healing process. Based on the above-mentioned outstanding properties of nanofibers and the unique properties of hybrid wound dressings prepared from poly (vinyl alcohol) and poly (ε-caprolactone), this review reports the in vitro and in vivo outcomes of the reported hybrid nanofibers.

scholarly journals Melt- vs. Non-Melt Blending of Complexly Processable Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene/Cellulose Nanofiber Bionanocomposite

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Nur Sharmila Sharip ◽  
Hidayah Ariffin ◽  
Tengku Arisyah Tengku Yasim-Anuar ◽  
Yoshito Andou ◽  
Yuki Shirosaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Melt Processing ◽  
Cellulose Nanofiber ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

The major hurdle in melt-processing of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) nanocomposite lies on the high melt viscosity of the UHMWPE, which may contribute to poor dispersion and distribution of the nanofiller. In this study, UHMWPE/cellulose nanofiber (UHMWPE/CNF) bionanocomposites were prepared by two different blending methods: (i) melt blending at 150 °C in a triple screw kneading extruder, and (ii) non-melt blending by ethanol mixing at room temperature. Results showed that melt-processing of UHMWPE without CNF (MB-UHMWPE/0) exhibited an increment in yield strength and Young’s modulus by 15% and 25%, respectively, compared to the Neat-UHMWPE. Tensile strength was however reduced by almost half. Ethanol mixed sample without CNF (EM-UHMWPE/0) on the other hand showed slight decrement in all mechanical properties tested. At 0.5% CNF inclusion, the mechanical properties of melt-blended bionanocomposites (MB-UHMWPE/0.5) were improved as compared to Neat-UHMWPE. It was also found that the yield strength, elongation at break, Young’s modulus, toughness and crystallinity of MB-UHMWPE/0.5 were higher by 28%, 61%, 47%, 45% and 11%, respectively, as compared to the ethanol mixing sample (EM-UHMWPE/0.5). Despite the reduction in tensile strength of MB-UHMWPE/0.5, the value i.e., 28.4 ± 1.0 MPa surpassed the minimum requirement of standard specification for fabricated UHMWPE in surgical implant application. Overall, melt-blending processing is more suitable for the preparation of UHMWPE/CNF bionanocomposites as exhibited by their characteristics presented herein. A better mechanical interlocking between UHMWPE and CNF at high temperature mixing with kneading was evident through FE-SEM observation, explains the higher mechanical properties of MB-UHMWPE/0.5 as compared to EM-UHMWPE/0.5.

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