scholarly journals A review on tribo-mechanical properties of micro- and nanoparticulate-filled nylon composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kawaljit Singh Randhawa ◽  
Ashwin D. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Good Strength ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Particulate Filler

Abstract Nylon composites are of evolving interest due to their good strength, toughness, and low coefficient of friction. Various fillers like micro- and nanoparticulates of metals and metal compounds were used to enhance the mechanical and tribological properties of nylons for many years by researchers. In this paper, an overall understanding of composites, filler materials, especially particulate filler materials, application areas of polymer composites, wear of polymers, and the effect of various fillers on tribo-mechanical properties of nylons have been discussed. The detailed review is limited to micro- and nanoparticulate fillers and their influence on the mechanical and tribological properties of various nylon matrices.

The effect of environmental humidity/water absorption on tribo-mechanical performance of polymers and polymer composites – a review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kawaljit Singh Randhawa ◽  
Ashwin Patel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ◽  
Water Conditions

Purpose The mechanical and tribological properties of polymers and polymer composites vary with different environmental conditions. This paper aims to review the influence of humidity/water conditions on various polymers and polymer composites' mechanical properties and tribological behaviors. Design/methodology/approach The influence of humidity and water absorption on mechanical and tribological properties of various polymers, fillers and composites has been discussed in this paper. Tensile strength, modulus, yield strength, impact strength, COF and wear rates of polymer composites are compared for different environmental conditions. The interaction between the water molecules and hydrophobic polymers is also represented. Findings Pure polymer matrices show somewhat mixed behavior in humid environments. Absorbed moisture generally plasticizes the epoxies and polyamides and lowers the tensile strength, yield strength and modulus. Wear rates of PVC generally decrease in humid environments, while for polyamides, it increases. Fillers like graphite and boron-based compounds exhibit low COF, while MoS2 particulate fillers exhibit higher COF at high humidity and water conditions. The mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced polymer composites tend to decrease as the rate of humidity increases while the wear rates of fiber-reinforced polymer composites show somewhat mixed behavior. Particulate fillers like metals and advanced ceramics reinforced polymer composites exhibit low COF and wear rates as the rate of humidity increases. Originality/value The mechanical and tribological properties of polymers and polymer composites vary with the humidity value present in the environment. In dry conditions, wear loss is determined by the hardness of the contacting surfaces, which may not effectively work for high humid environments. The tribological performance of composite constituents, i.e. matrix and fillers in humid environments, defines the overall performance of polymer composite in said environments.

ANALYSIS OF TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SELECTED PTFE-BASED POLYMER COMPOSITES IN A SLIDING INTERACTION WITH ALUMINIUM OXIDE (Al2O3)

Tribologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 280 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Władysław SKONECZNY ◽  
Sławomir KAPTACZ ◽  
Adrian BARYLSKI ◽  
Tomasz KMITA
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Reciprocating Motion ◽  
Graphite Content ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Ptfe Composite ◽  
Bronze Powder

The paper presents the microstructure and mechanical and tribological properties of polymer composites based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) intended for use in friction couples where reciprocating motion is performed, e.g., in compressors or actuators. Micromechanical tests carried out using the Oliver-Pharr method showed that the PTFE composite with a 40% bronze content (T8B) had the most advantageous mechanical properties (hardness H, Young’s modulus E). In turn, tribological tests that were conducted using a ballon- disc tester in the linear (reciprocating) motion showed that the polytetrafluoroethylene composite with a mixture of 25% bronze powder and 15% graphite (T4GM) had the lowest tribological wear. The tribological properties of composite T5W with 25% graphite content were not much worse. Despite the most favourable mechanical parameters, the tribological wear of composites T8B and PTFE with glassy carbon (T3Ws) was nearly twice higher due to the absence of grease formed by a graphite filling. The results show that the use of composites containing a bronze-graphite filling improves the service life of lubricant-free friction couples that perform reciprocating motion.

Development of Antifriction Materials Based on Polytetrafluoroethylene with Carbon Fibers and Tungsten Disulfide

2020 ◽  
Vol 992 ◽  
pp. 745-750
Author(s):  
A.P. Vasilev ◽  
T.S. Struchkova ◽  
A.G. Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Relative Elongation ◽  
Tungsten Disulfide ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

This paper presents the results from the investigation of effect the carbon fibers with tungsten disulfide on the mechanical and tribological properties of PTFE. Is carried out a comparison of mechanical and tribological properties of polymer composites PTFE-based with carbon fibers and PTFE with complex filler (carbon fibers with tungsten disulfide). It is shown that at a content of 8 wt.% CF+1 wt.% WS2 in PTFE, wear resistance increases significantly while maintaining the tensile strength, relative elongation at break and low coefficient of friction at the level of initial PTFE. The results of X-ray analysis and investigation of SEM supramolecular structure and friction surfaces of PTFE and polymer composites are presented. It is shown that the degree of crystallinity of polymer composites increases in comparison with the initial PTFE. The images of scanning electron microscope reveal that particles of tungsten disulfide concentrating on the friction surface is likely responsible to a reduction in the coefficient of friction and increase the wear resistance of PTFE-based polymer composites with complex fillers.

scholarly journals Molecular dynamics simulation to enhance the mechanical and tribological properties of polyimide composites by graphene reinforcement

2021 ◽  
Vol 2083 (2) ◽  
pp. 022107
Author(s):  
Zhe Chen ◽  
Aijiao Li ◽  
Hong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties

Abstract Background: Polyimide is one of the organic polymer materials with the best comprehensive performance. It has outstanding mechanical properties, excellent thermal stability and excellent corrosion resistance, but pure polyimide has high coefficient of friction and wear rate. By combining graphene with polyimide, the mechanical properties of the composite are significantly reformatived, and the friction coefficient and wear rate can be reduced. Objective: The molecular models were developed to study the mechanical and tribological properties of graphene as a reinforced material. Methods: In this paper, the mechanical properties and friction and wear mechanism of materials are studied by molecular dynamics method from the microscopic point of view. The Young’s modulus and hardness of composites were calculated using the strain constant method. Results: Molecular dynamics simulation results expressed that the Young’s modulus and hardness of polymer composites benefited by approximately 115% and 42%, respectively, after the addition of the graphene-reinforced material. The average friction coefficient and wear rate of polymer composites fall by 35% and 48%, respectively. Through the calculation and statistics of the micro-information in the process of friction simulation, the internal mechanism of various situations is revealed in the atomic dimension. Conclusions: Graphene can adsorb on the surface of polymer chain segment, a strong polymer matrix, through van der Waals and electrostatic forces and can effectively resist external loading.

Mechanical and tribological properties of ice-bonded abrasive polishing tools

2017 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Rambabu ◽  
N Ramesh Babu
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Melting Rate ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Polishing Tool ◽  
Hardness Coefficient

This article covers the efforts on characterising ice-bonded abrasive polishing tool in terms of the mechanical and tribological properties such as hardness, coefficient of friction, and wear rate. These studies were attempted on the tools prepared at different temperatures ranging from −10 °C to 0 °C with a view to identify the condition suitable to prepare ice-bonded abrasive polishing tool for effective polishing of Ti–6Al–4V alloy specimen. It also presents the methods adopted to determine various properties of ice-bonded abrasive polishing tool. Hardness was estimated from the measured penetration depth of cone shape indenter into the tool, coefficient of friction was determined from the change in power drawn by the motor rotating the tool mould, and wear behaviour of tool was assessed from the melting rate of the tool determined from the change in height of ice-bonded abrasive polishing tool at different stages of polishing. From the results of this study, it is clear that ice-bonded abrasive polishing tool prepared at −4 °C has possessed sufficient hardness, coefficient of friction, and reasonable wear rate suitable for polishing of Ti–6Al–4V specimens. This article also covers the details of low-temperature coolant supply unit developed to prepare the ice-bonded abrasive polishing tool at any desired temperature between 0 °C and −40 °C and thus to maintain it for a long time. Polishing studies with such ice-bonded abrasive polishing tool showed 72% improvement in finish after 90 min of polishing of Ti–6Al–4V specimen with tool, prepared at −4 °C.

Effect of silanizion on mechanical and tribological properties of kenaf-carbon and kenaf-glass hybrid polymer composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 2094-2098
Author(s):  
Kartik Singh ◽  
Diptikanta Das ◽  
Ramesh Kumar Nayak ◽  
Sourav Khandai ◽  
Ramanuj Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Hybrid Polymer ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties

scholarly journals Nano/micro-mechanical and tribological characterization of Ar, C, N, and Ne ion-implanted Si

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 880-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Hui Xu ◽  
Young-Bae Park ◽  
Xiaodong Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Tribological Characterization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ion Implanted

Ion implantation has been widely used to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of single crystalline silicon, an essential material for the semiconductor industry. In this study, the effects of four different ion implantations, Ar, C, N, and Ne ions, on the mechanical and tribological properties of single crystal Si were investigated at both the nanoscale and the microscale. Nanoindentation and microindentation were used to measure the mechanical properties and fracture toughness of ion-implanted Si. Nano and micro scratch and wear tests were performed to study the tribological behaviors of different ion-implanted Si. The relationship between the mechanical properties and tribological behavior and the damage mechanism of scratch and wear were also discussed.

Preparation of PEEK/MWCNTs composites with excellent mechanical and tribological properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingshuang Shang ◽  
Xian Wu ◽  
Yifan Liu ◽  
Zilong Jiang ◽  
Zhaoyang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Frictional Coefficient ◽  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Structural Morphology ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Properties Of Composites

The high strength of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) indicates promising properties for industry applications to reduce frictional coefficient and improve mechanical properties, yet few researches have referred to its structural morphology on the thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties of composites. In this work, three different lengths of MWCNTs were used to prepare polyether ether ketone (PEEK) composites and investigate the effect of structural morphology of MWCNTs on the thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties of composites. Different lengths of MWCNTs endowed PEEK composites with different thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties. On thermal and mechanical properties, the incorporation of 10–30 μm length of MWCNTs increased more the effectiveness on the crystallization rate, showing a higher crystallization temperature and the best mechanical properties of the PEEK composites. On tribological properties, approximately 50 μm MWCNTs can effectively decrease adhesive wear, which is a benefit of forming a thin transfer film, thereby effectively decreasing the coefficient of friction and improving the wear resistance.

The Relationship Between Near-Surface Mechanical Properties, Loading Rate And Surface Chemistry

1997 ◽  
Vol 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Mann ◽  
P. C. Searson ◽  
J. B. Pethica ◽  
T. P. Weihs
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Surface Films ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties

ABSTRACTThe presence of thin surface films and adsorbate layers on both metals and ceramics can cause dramatic changes in the mechanical response of the material. A similar, related, variation in tribological properties has also been observed. Though the importance of surface effects is well known and widely documented, the exact physical and chemical mechanisms that are operating remain poorly understood. The development of point probe techniques now permits the examination of mechanical and tribological properties on the same length scale as the surface films. Recently, the utilization of these testing techniques has provided a clear insight into the mechanical processes which are operating on the atomic scale. The nanoindentation results presented here show that the mechanical deformation of an individual nano-contact is a highly dynamic phenomena in which the tip-momentum on contact, as well as the loading rate during the indentation, dictate the observed mechanical properties of the material. These results indicate that the initiation of plastic deformation is dependent on the stability of atomic-size surface asperities which can be deformed irreversibly by the high stresses generated during the initial contact. Additionally, the generation of dislocations and the presence of discontinuities in the loading curve are shown to depend upon the loading rate. More significantly, it has been found that modifying the surface chemistry can cause dramatic changes in both the mode of deformation and the time-dependence of nano-scale mechanical properties. The principal conclusion that can be drawn is that the high stresses which operate over short distances make time and temperature dependent phenomena, such as diffusion and the dissipation of energy via phonons, of vital importance in determining the near-surface mechanical properties of a material. Such effects are further magnified in tribological processes where normal and tangential loading of the surface leads to the repeated making and breaking of nano-asperity contacts.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Annealed WC/C PECVD Coatings Deposited Using Hexacarbonyl of W with Different Gases

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Horňák ◽  
Daniel Kottfer ◽  
Karol Kyzioł ◽  
Marianna Trebuňová ◽  
Janka Majerníková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Different Gases

The present work studies the tungsten carbide (WC/C) coatings deposited by using Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD), with and without gases of Ar and N2. Volatile hexacarbonyl of W was used as a precursor. Their mechanical and tribological properties were evaluated. The following values were obtained by using deposition process with N2 of HIT = 19.7 ± 4.1 GPa, EIT = 221 ± 2.1 GPa, and coefficient of friction (COF) = 0.35 ± 0.09. Secondly, deposition without the aforementioned gas obtained values of HIT = 20.9 ± 2 GPa, EIT = 292 ± 20 GPa, and COF = 0.69 ± 0.05. WC/C coatings were annealed at temperatures of 200, 500, and 800 °C, respectively. Evaluated factors include the introduced properties, the observed morphology, and the structural composition of WC/C coatings. The process of degradation was carried out by using various velocities, depending on used gases and annealing temperatures.

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