Drug-drug Interactions of Statins Potentially Leading to Muscle-Related Side Effects in Hospitalized Patients

Abstract Introduction. The associations of drugs that may interact with the statins resulting in elevated serum concentration of the statins are an important risk factor for statin induced muscle disorders. We aimed to determine the prevalence of these associations in all hospitalized patients that had been prescribed statins before/during hospitalization and to find out how often they are associated with muscle-related side effects. Methods. This prospective, non-interventional study performed in two internal medicine departments included patients with statin therapy before/during hospitalization. Data on each patient demographic characteristics, co-morbidities and treatment was collected from medical charts and interviews. We evaluated patients’ therapy for the targeted associations using Thomson Micromedex Drug Interactions checker and we ranked the identified drug-drug interactions (DDIs) accordingly. Each patient with statin treatment before admission was additionally interviewed in order to identify muscular symptoms. Results. In 109 patients on statin treatment we found 35 potential (p) DDIs of statins in 30 (27.5%) patients, most of which were in the therapy before admission (27 pDDIs). The pDDIs were moderate (20 pDDIs) and major (15 pDDIs). Of the total number of pDDIs, 24 were targeting the muscular system. The drugs most frequently involved in the statins’ pDDIs were amiodarone and fenofibrate. Two of the patients with pDDIs reported muscle pain, both having additional risk factors for statin induced muscular effects. Conclusion. The prevalence of statins’ pDDIs was high in our study, mostly in the therapy before admission, with only a small number of pDDIs resulting in clinical outcome.

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Side effects and drug interactions with gliclazide

Reactions ◽

10.1007/bf03273618 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. 10-11

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Drug Interactions

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Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin Treatment of Hospitalized Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Senegal from March to October 2020

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10132954 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (13) ◽

pp. 2954

Author(s):

Fabien Taieb ◽

Khardiata Diallo Mbaye ◽

Billo Tall ◽

Ndèye Aïssatou Lakhe ◽

Cheikh Talla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Clinical Status ◽

Group Versus ◽

Patient Discharge ◽

Lower Proportion ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

African Countries ◽

Factors Associated ◽

High Clinical Risk

As of today, little data is available on COVID-19 in African countries, where the case management relied mainly on a treatment by association between hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and azithromycin (AZM). This study aimed to understand the main clinical outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalized patients in Senegal from March to October 20202. We described the clinical characteristics of patients and analysed clinical status (alive and discharged versus hospitalized or died) at 15 days after Isolation and Treatment Centres (ITC) admission among adult patients who received HCQ plus AZM and those who did not receive this combination. A total of 926 patients were included in this analysis. Six hundred seventy-four (674) (72.8%) patients received a combination of HCQ and AZM. Results showed that the proportion of patient discharge at D15 was significantly higher for patients receiving HCQ plus AZM (OR: 1.63, IC 95% (1.09–2.43)). Factors associated with a lower proportion of patients discharged alive were: age ≥ 60 years (OR: 0.55, IC 95% (0.36–0.83)), having of at least one pre-existing disorder (OR: 0.61, IC 95% (0.42–0.90)), and a high clinical risk at admission following NEWS score (OR: 0.49, IC 95% (0.28–0.83)). Few side effects were reported including 2 cases of cardiac rhythmic disorders in the HCQ and AZM group versus 13 in without HCQ + AZM. An improvement of clinical status at 15 days was found for patients exposed to HCQ plus AZM combination.

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Diagnostic Criteria for Influenza B-Associated Reye's Syndrome: Clinical vs. Pathologic Criteria

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.60.5.702 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 60 (5) ◽

pp. 702-708

Author(s):

Lawrence Corey ◽

Robert J. Rubin ◽

Dennis Bregman ◽

Michael B. Gregg

Keyword(s):

Disease Control ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Hepatic Dysfunction ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Acute Onset ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Influenza B ◽

Elevated Blood ◽

Blood Ammonia ◽

Reye's Syndrome

Between December 15, 1973, and June 30, 1974, a total of 379 cases of Reye's syndrome was reported to the Center for Disease Control. One hundred forty-seven (40%) were confirmed by either autopsy or biopsy, while 232 were diagnosed by clinical and laboratory parameters. Comparisons of the epidemiologic and demographic characteristics, the hospital course, the outcome, and the laboratory abnormalities of the clinically diagnosed and the pathologically confirmed cases revealed no significant differences. In the epidemiologic setting of influenza B outbreaks, children who have the acute onset of noninflammatory encephalopathy associated with elevated serum transaminase levels, hypoprothrombinemia, and elevated blood ammonia levels should be considered to have Reye's syndrome. Further evaluation of diagnostic criteria is needed, however, for sporadically occurring, nonepidemic cases of noninflammatory encephalopathy associated with hepatic dysfunction.

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Practical prescribing

Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin ◽

10.1136/dtb.25.20.80 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 25 (20) ◽

pp. 80-80

Author(s):

Martin J Brodie ◽

Ian Harrison

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Text Book ◽

The Third ◽

New Drug ◽

Making Choices ◽

Treatment Policies ◽

Accessible Form

This book is a practical manual for the prescriber rather than a text book. The first chapter usefully explains pharmacological terms which are used later in the book. This is followed by three sections concerned with choosing drugs. The first section gives a list of ‘best buys’ for common complaints, the second looks at treatment policies and the third gives basic pharmacological information to help in making choices. Side-effects and drug interactions are presented in the next two chapters in a readily accessible form. The final chapter, called ‘Cautions,’ has some useful information not readily found elsewhere including data on teratogenesis and shelf-life of formulations. It also suggests which drugs we should stop using, and discusses factors to consider before using a new drug.

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Potential Drug–Drug Interactions with Antimicrobials in Hospitalized Patients: A Multicenter Point-Prevalence Study

Medical Science Monitor ◽

10.12659/msm.908589 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 4240-4247

Author(s):

Ferit Kuscu ◽

Aslihan Ulu ◽

Ayse S. Inal ◽

Bedia M. Suntur ◽

Hande Aydemir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Interactions ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Point Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Study ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Point Prevalence Study

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Update on therapy for superficial mycoses: review article part I

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia ◽

10.1590/abd1806-4841.20131996 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 88 (5) ◽

pp. 764-774 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Maria Fernanda Reis Gavazzoni Dias ◽

Maria Victoria Pinto Quaresma-Santos ◽

Fred Bernardes-Filho ◽

Adriana Gutstein da Fonseca Amorim ◽

Regina Casz Schechtman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Review Article ◽

Practical Approach ◽

Superficial Mycoses ◽

World Markets ◽

The World ◽

The Right ◽

Therapeutic Alternatives

Superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin and nails are a major cause of morbidity in the world. Choosing the right treatment is not always simple because of the possibility of drug interactions and side effects. The first part of the article discusses the main treatments for superficial mycoses - keratophytoses, dermatophytosis, candidiasis, with a practical approach to the most commonly-used topical and systemic drugs , referring also to their dosage and duration of use. Promising new, antifungal therapeutic alternatives are also highlighted, as well as available options on the Brazilian and world markets.

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Relation of elevated serum uric acid levels to first-degree heart block and other cardiac conduction defects in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications ◽

10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.09.011 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (12) ◽

pp. 1691-1697 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alessandro Mantovani ◽

Riccardo Rigolon ◽

Isabella Pichiri ◽

Giovanni Morani ◽

Stefano Bonapace ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Heart Block ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Cardiac Conduction ◽

Degree Heart Block

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Efficacy and Safety of Carbon Dioxide Ablative Fractional Resurfacing (CO2-AFR) Device in Moderate to Severe Atrophic Acne Scars

Annals of King Edward Medical University ◽

10.21649/akemu.v23i1.1507 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wajieha Saeed ◽

Zahida Rani ◽

Shazia Aslam

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Side Effect Profile ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Social Psychological ◽

Interventional Study ◽

Dermatology Department ◽

Acne Scars ◽

Fractional Resurfacing ◽

Pretreatment Assessment

Acne having a prevalence of > 90% in adolescents persisting in adulthood, causes inflammation and scaring. Acne scars cause severe social, psychological and cosmetic problems. There are many remedies available for acne scars with variable results. CO2-AFR laser is a new modality with more effectiveness and low side effect profile.Objective: To determine the effectiveness and safety of CO2-AFR device in the treatment of moderate to severe atrophic acne scars.Study Design: Interventional study.Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Dermatology Department Unit-I, Mayo Hospital Lahore and duration was 1 year, from April 2015 to March 2016.Material and Methods: The 30 patients of either sex, having moderate to severe atrophic acne scars were enrolled in the study. Pretreatment assessment of acne scars was done by using Goodman & Baron qualitative scarring grading system. Patients were treated at 4 – 5 weeks interval with maximum 5 sessions. Objective assessment for efficacy and side effects was done at each session. Data was collected on a specially designed proforma and statistical analysis carried out by using SPSS version 17.Results: Significant improvement in acne scars was observed. 14 (46.7%) patients showed good efficacy (50 – 75% reduction), 1 (3.3%) patient came out with excellent efficacy (> 75%) and 14 (46.7%) patients showed fair efficacy (25 – 50% reduction in acne scars). 13.3% patients showed few delayed side effects which resolved with treatment.Conclusion: CO2-AFR device was proved to be effective and safe in the treatment of moderate to severe atrophic acne scars.

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The importance of psychological messages and the “questionbehavior effect” about remdesivir

Avanços em Medicina ◽

10.52329/avanmed.34 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 124-126

Author(s):

Aloisio Antonio Gomes de Matos ◽

Séphora Natércia Albuquerque Oliveira ◽

Modesto Leite Rolim Neto

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Side Effects ◽

Health Services ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Scientific Basis ◽

High Expectations ◽

The World

Background: The FDA has been requiring that information about using remdesivir to treat COVID-19 be made available to healthcare providers and patients, including dosing instructions, potential side effects, and drug interactions. It is important to observe the initial indicators of anxiety, fear, and euphoria for families during emergencies, including information on the possible side effects. This situational context is very important in all the world, because it opens doors for providing the use of updated information about treatment follow-up and for offering improved mental health services. Method: The studies were identified in well-known international journals found in two electronic databases: Scopus and Embase. The data were cross-checked with information from the main international newspapers. Results: The high expectations supported by an immediate discourse culminate in frustration and displeasure, while more consistent empirical results are not generated. These two are predictors of psychic suffering, especially due to the scarcity of information and uncertainties. In parallel, recent studies indicate that spreading information without scientific basis intensifies damage to the routine and health of people, which are already impacted by the pandemic situation. This misrepresented spread may be a factor for unleashing fear and, as a consequence, social despair. Conclusions: Based on the impulsive scenarios stimulated in the context of hydroxychloroquine and on the high spread of fake or distorted news, the psychiatric impacts of COVID-19 pandemic associated with the use of remdesivir may be worsened and reflected directly on the population’s self-esteem.

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Modeling Polypharmacy Side Effects with Graph Convolutional Networks

10.1101/258814 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Marinka Zitnik ◽

Monica Agrawal ◽

Jure Leskovec

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Protein Interactions ◽

Side Effect ◽

Population Data ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Convolutional Networks ◽

Important Challenge ◽

Complex Relationships

AbstractMotivation: The use of drug combinations, termed polypharmacy, is common to treat patients with complex diseases or co-existing conditions. However, a major consequence of polypharmacy is a much higher risk of adverse side effects for the patient. Polypharmacy side effects emerge because of drug-drug interactions, in which activity of one drug may change, favorably or unfavorably, if taken with another drug. The knowledge of drug interactions is often limited because these complex relationships are rare, and are usually not observed in relatively small clinical testing. Discovering polypharmacy side effects thus remains an important challenge with significant implications for patient mortality and morbidity.Results: Here, we present Decagon, an approach for modeling polypharmacy side effects. The approach constructs a multimodal graph of protein-protein interactions, drug-protein target interactions, and the polypharmacy side effects, which are represented as drug-drug interactions, where each side effect is an edge of a different type. Decagon is developed specifically to handle such multimodal graphs with a large number of edge types. Our approach develops a new graph convolutional neural network for multirelational link prediction in multimodal networks. Unlike approaches limited to predicting simple drug-drug interaction values, Decagon can predict the exact side effect, if any, through which a given drug combination manifests clinically. Decagon accurately predicts polypharmacy side effects, outperforming baselines by up to 69%. We find that it automatically learns representations of side effects indicative of co-occurrence of polypharmacy in patients. Furthermore, Decagon models particularly well polypharmacy side effects that have a strong molecular basis, while on predominantly non-molecular side effects, it achieves good performance because of effective sharing of model parameters across edge types. Decagon opens up opportunities to use large pharmacogenomic and patient population data to flag and prioritize polypharmacy side effects for follow-up analysis via formal pharmacological studies.Availability: Source code and preprocessed datasets are at: http://snap.stanford.edu/decagon.Contact:[email protected]

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