scholarly journals Analysis of the bending and failure of fiber metal laminates based on glass and carbon fibers

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1095-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Ostapiuk ◽  
Jarosław Bieniaś ◽  
Barbara Surowska
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
Matrix Cracking ◽  
Aluminum Layer ◽  
Fiber Metal Laminates ◽  
Aluminum Sheets ◽  
Fiber Metal ◽  
Metal Layers

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the mechanisms of cracking and failure in fiber metal laminates (FMLs) subjected to 3-point bending. Two types of laminates, based on the glass/epoxy and carbon/epoxy composites, were selected for the study. The paper presents the failures of matrix and fibers as well as the effects of different thicknesses of metal layers on the tested laminates. The mechanisms of failure observed for the two tested types of fibers with uniform thickness of aluminum sheets seem similar. The results demonstrate that the tested laminates exhibit the following failure modes: fiber breakage, matrix cracking, fiber/matrix debonding, delamination, and anodic layer failure. Given the behavior of aluminum under the compressive and tensile stresses, the aluminum layer acts as a barrier preventing FML failure during bending. In addition to aluminum layer thickness, the fiber type and composite layer directions are also important factors to be considered.

Influence of fiber type on the impact response of titanium-based fiber-metal laminates

2018 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Yangbo Guo ◽  
V.P.W Shim ◽  
Jinglei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Type ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Fiber Metal Laminates ◽  
Fiber Metal ◽  
The Impact

A study on fiber metal laminates by using a new damage model for composite layer

2017 ◽  
Vol 131-132 ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kashfi ◽  
G.H. Majzoobi ◽  
N. Bonora ◽  
G. Iannitti ◽  
A. Ruggiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Damage Model ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
Fiber Metal Laminates ◽  
Fiber Metal

Evaluation of the effect of aluminum surface treatment on mechanical and dynamic properties of PVC/aluminum/fiber glass fiber metal laminates

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (6) ◽  
pp. 1197-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Zal ◽  
Hassan Moslemi Naeini ◽  
Ahmad Reza Bahramian ◽  
Hadi Abdollahi
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Aluminum Surface ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Aluminum Layer ◽  
Fiber Metal Laminates ◽  
Aluminum Composite ◽  
Fiber Metal

A study on new materials usage to produce fiber metal laminates is presented in this work. Amorphous polyvinyl chloride thermoplastic and aluminum 3550 sheets are used to fabricate the fiber metal laminates. Different surface treatments were carried out on the aluminum sheets and the fiber metal laminates were produced using the film stacking procedure. Flexural strength and modulus of the products and also shear strength of bonding were measured using three-point bending test, and their failure mechanisms were evaluated using optical microscope images. Also, the effects of aluminum layer and aluminum/composite laminates bonding on the dynamic properties of the fiber metal laminates were studied using Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis. It was concluded that mechanical roughening of the aluminum sheet has the maximum effect on the aluminum/matrix bonding strength such that simultaneous fracture of composite laminates and aluminum layer in the bending condition was observed in the produced fiber metal laminates without any delamination.

scholarly journals Improvement and Properties of Fiber Metal Laminates Used in Aircraft Wing by Using Graphite-Polyester

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Kadhum ◽  
Saad T. Faris ◽  
Ali A. Al-katawy
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Aircraft Wing ◽  
Fiber Metal Laminates ◽  
Jute Fibers ◽  
Fiber Metal ◽  
Aluminum Alloy 2024 ◽  
Metal Layers

The main objective of this study is to reduce weight and to improve the mechanical properties of aircraft wing by using Hybrid materials known as fiber metal laminates (FMLs). They are new age of engineering materials, which consist of metal layers reinforced with fibers emerged by matrix phase.  In this study, seven layers were used to produce the FMLs, which are consist of aluminum alloy2024-T3 reinforced by carbon and glass fibers bonded with using blend of graphite-polyester as adhesion. The Carbon Glass Reinforced Aluminum Laminates (CAGRALLs) is used as FMLs. The results show that the CAGRALLs give better in mechanical properties because of increasing in tensile strength, yield strength, , elastic modulus, elongation at fracture, flexural modulus and impact toughness except flexural strength by comparing with FMLs by using commercial epoxy as adhesion for other researchers. The increasing in layers is led to weaken adhesion force between layers of FMLs that led to decrease almost mechanical properties. The FMLs has good mechanial properties by using carbon and glass fiber by comparing with carbon and jute fibers. The CAGRALLs have the higher numbers of cycles at failure under cyclic loadings than Aramid Reinforced Aluminum Laminates (ARALLs). The CAGRALLs have the lower density by comparing with aluminum alloy 2024-T3 and steel that used in manufacturing of aircraft wing.

Forming and drilling of fiber metal laminates – A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (14) ◽  
pp. 981-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Thirukumaran ◽  
I Siva ◽  
JT Winowlin Jappes ◽  
V Manikandan
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Fiber Metal Laminates ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Fiber Metal ◽  
Process Combination ◽  
Joining Process ◽  
Quality Production

In aviation industries, most of the stiffened structural components are manufactured by forming and laminating process. Combination of several conventional manufacturing processes is required in modern industries in hybrid laminate production. Fiber metal laminates undergo various joining process during assembly of aero-structures. Among them, forming and drilling are often required during assembly. Understanding the significance of various process parameters enables quality production and assembly of fiber metal laminates structures. Many researchers explored the cause and effect of few parameters and mechanisms which significantly alter the quality of form and drill. This review describes the progress in forming and drilling of fiber metal laminates for aerospace applications. Especially towards the process parameters, defects and their causes along with the preferred solutions recommended by the researcher society in forming and drilling processes. Numerous factors have controlled the quality of forming and drilling processes. Due to the machining parameters, different failure modes will occur in different layup of the laminates. To overcome the failures in machining/forming of fiber metal laminates, choosing the optimum parameter for the selection based procedure is needed to improve quality of fiber metal laminates.

The flexural and impact behavior of the laminated aluminum-epoxy/basalt fibers composites containing nanoclay: An experimental investigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1931-1951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Bahari-Sambran ◽  
Reza Eslami-Farsani ◽  
Shabnam Arbab Chirani
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Fiber Metal Laminates ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Aluminum Sheets ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Fiber Metal

In this study, the effect of different weight percents of modified/unmodified nanoclay particles on the flexural and impact properties of fiber–metal laminates made of 2024-T3 aluminum sheets and basalt fibers as the reinforcements and epoxy as the matrix was investigated. As a first step, the surface of nanoclay particles was modified by the silane-coupling agent. The creation of the functional groups on the surface of nanoclay particles was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. The modified nanoclay with different weight percents of 0, 1, 3, and 5 was added into the epoxy matrix; then, for the better distribution and dispersion of nanoparticles in the matrix, the mechanical and ultra-sonication machines were used. Also, to ensure better interaction and adherence between the matrix and the aluminum sheets, the mechanical and chemical treatments were conducted. Then, the mixture of epoxy and nanoclay with woven basalt fibers and aluminum sheets was used to fabricate fiber–metal laminates. To survey the effect of these nanoparticles on the mechanical properties, the three-point bending test and the high-velocity impact test were used. The results showed that the maximum effect of adding nanoclay particles on the flexural and impact behavior was obtained by using 3 wt.% of the modified nanoclay. These properties of fiber–metal laminates, which contained the 3 wt.% unmodified nanoclay, were weakened in comparison to a similar specimen containing the modified nanoclay. Furthermore, the flexural modulus was enhanced by increasing the weight percent of the nanoparticles. Also, to investigate the fracture mechanism, the field emission scanning electron microscope was used. The microscopic images revealed that adding nanoclay particles led to the improvement of the interaction between the matrix and basalt fibers, thereby improving the flexural and impact properties.

Ballistic performance and damage simulation of fiber metal laminates under high-velocity oblique impact

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1011-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Qian Zhu ◽  
Jose L Curiel-Sosa ◽  
Tinh Quoc Bui
Keyword(s):  
Impact Velocity ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Damage Mechanics ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Oblique Impact ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Fiber Metal Laminates ◽  
Fiber Metal ◽  
The Impact

Fiber metal laminates have been successfully applied in military aircrafts, armor vehicles and other modern engineering industries as protective structures due to their outstanding impact resistant properties. Prediction of the ballistic performance and investigation on the damage mechanism of the fiber metal laminates under general oblique impact conditions still remain a very challenging issue. In this study, a nonlinear dynamic finite element model in terms of continuum damage mechanics including intra- and inter-layer failure modes is presented. The accuracy of this model is validated with available experimental data. The damage and ballistic performance of two different structural fiber metal laminates subjected to high-velocity oblique impact by rigid hemispherical nose projectile with angles of 0°, 30°, 45° and 60° are studied. The numerical results show that the projectile deflects when the oblique impact occurs and the deflection angle decreases with increasing the impact velocity. The residual velocity of the projectile and the energy absorption of the target are related to the initial impact velocity and impact angle of the projectile. The proposed simulation approach offers a new proper reference for numerical investigations of common oblique impact problems in other fiber metal laminates.

Effect of temperature and fiber type on impact behavior of thermoplastic fiber metal laminates

2019 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 110961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Sarasini ◽  
Jacopo Tirillò ◽  
Luca Ferrante ◽  
Claudia Sergi ◽  
Francesca Sbardella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Type ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Fiber Metal Laminates ◽  
Fiber Metal

scholarly journals Fracture Analysis and Shear Strength of Aluminum/CFRP and GFRP Adhesive Joint in Fiber Metal Laminates

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Ostapiuk ◽  
Jarosław Bieniaś
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cohesive Failure ◽  
Fiber Metal Laminates ◽  
Surface Pretreatment ◽  
Shear Strength Test ◽  
Fiber Metal ◽  
Main Factor

Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) were initially developed under the motivation of the aerospace industry. Generally, they consist of aluminum and high strength glass fiber in polymeric layers, but the new challenge is to apply them with a carbon fiber. Pretreatment of aluminum is the main factor responsible for the adhesion between metallic and polymeric layers. The shear strength test a very popular method in the experimental joint of two components. In this article, the main aim was to compare the surface pretreatment and configuration of fibers in FMLs based on aluminum with glass and carbon fibers. The decisive factor of strength in adhesive or cohesive failure is first the type of fibers, and second, the surface preparation.

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