Betaine treatment decreased serum glucose and lipid levels, hepatic and renal oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betül Evran ◽  
Abdurrahman Fatih Aydın ◽  
Buse Uğuralp ◽  
Mehmet Sar ◽  
Semra Doğru-Abbasoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Ros Formation

Abstract Objective The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of betaine (BET) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) in rats. Additionally, the efficiency of BET was compared with metformin (MET), a standard oral antidiabetic drug. Methods STZ (55 mg/kg body weight; i.p.) was injected to male Wistar rats. Rats with DM were treated with BET (1 g/kg body weight/day;) or MET (500 mg/kg body weight/day;) for 4 weeks. Blood glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum glucose, lipids, hepatic and renal function tests and urinary protein levels were examined. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) levels, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were also determined in liver and kidney. Results Glucose, HbA1c, and serum lipids increased and liver and kidney function tests were impaired in diabetic rats. Hepatic and renal ROS formation and MDA levels were elevated, hepatic, but not renal GSH and FRAP levels were decreased. BET decreased blood HbA1c, serum glucose and lipid levels and urine protein levels. BET diminished hepatic and renal prooxidant status. Conclusion Our results indicate that BET may be effective in decreasing STZ-induced high levels of blood HbA1c, and serum glucose and lipid levels and prooxidant status in liver and kidney tissues.

scholarly journals The Effects of Chicory Leaf Aqueous Extract on Body Weight, Serum Glucose and Lipid Levels in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Reza Gorjipour ◽  
◽  
Janmohamad Malekzadeh ◽  
Haibatollah Sadeghi ◽  
Jamshid Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Leaf Aqueous Extract

Hepato-renal protective effects of gallic acid and p-coumaric acid in nicotinamide/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (06) ◽  
pp. 4641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Abdel Moneim* ◽  
Sanaa M. Abd El-Twab ◽  
Mohamed B. Ashour ◽  
Ahmed I. Yousef
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Experimental Type

The goal of diabetes treatment is primarily to save life and alleviate symptoms and secondary to prevent long-term diabetic complications resulting from hyperglycemia. Thus, our present investigation was designed to evaluate the hepato-renal protective effects of gallic acid and p-coumaric acid in nicotinamide/streptozotocin (NA/STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Experimental type 2 diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of STZ (65 mg/kg b.wt.), after 15 min of i.p. injection of NA (120 mg/kg b.wt.). Gallic acid and p-coumaric acid were orally administered to diabetic rats at a dose of 20, 40 mg/kg b.wt./day, respectively, for 6 weeks. Body weight, serum glucose, protein profile, liver function enzymes and kidney function indicators was assayed. Treatment with either gallic acid or p-coumaric acid significantly ameliorated the elevated levels of glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea and uric acid. Both compounds were also found to restore total protein, albumin, and globulin as well as body weight of diabetic rats to near normal values. It can conclude that both gallic acid and p-coumaric acid have potent hypoglycemic and hepato-renal protective effects in diabetic rats. Therefore, our results suggest promising hypoglycemic agents that can attenuate the progression of diabetic hepatopathy and nephropathy.

Effects of cortisol and progesterone on insulin binding and lipogenesis in adipocytes from normal and diabetic rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-M. Mendes ◽  
R. J. Madon ◽  
D. J. Flint
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Insulin Binding ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Receptor Concentration

ABSTRACT Cortisol implants in normal and diabetic rats reduced body weight, adiposity, insulin receptor concentration and both basal and insulin-stimulated rates of lipogenesis in isolated adipocytes, whilst insulin sensitivity was unchanged. In normal but not diabetic rats these changes were accompanied by increased serum glucose and insulin concentrations. In contrast, progesterone implants in normal and diabetic rats increased body weight gain, adiposity, insulin receptor concentration and both basal and insulin-stimulated rates of lipogenesis in adipose tissue, again without affecting insulin sensitivity. Progesterone did not affect serum insulin concentrations in normal or diabetic rats but accelerated the decline in serum glucose concentrations which occurred during an overnight fast in diabetic rats. The results suggest that (1) cortisol inhibits lipogenesis in adipose tissue without affecting insulin sensitivity, (2) cortisol reduces insulin binding in adipose tissue without a requirement for hyperinsulinaemia, which might itself indirectly lead to down-regulation of the insulin receptor, and (3) in diabetic rats progesterone stimulates lipogenesis in adipose tissue without any increase in food intake or serum insulin concentrations suggesting that progesterone may have a direct anabolic role in adipose tissue. J. Endocr. (1985) 106, 225–231

scholarly journals Effect of metformin on the expression of SNAER proteins in the skeletal muscle of rats with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 270-278
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Snare Complex ◽  
Snare Proteins ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background and Aims: SNARE proteins are composed of a combination of SNAP-23, Stx-4, and VAMP-2 isoforms that are significantly expressed in skeletal muscle. These proteins control the transport of GLUT4 to the cell membranes. The modifications in the expression of SNARE proteins can cause Type 2 diabetes. The present study aimed to assess the effect of metformin on the expression of these proteins in rats. Materials and Methods: For the purpose of the study, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly selected. Streptozotocin and Nicotinamide were used for the induction of type 2 diabetes. The animals were assigned to five groups (n=8), including healthy and diabetic groups as control, as well as three experimental groups which were treated with different doses of metformin (100, 150, and 200 mg/kg body weight) for 30 days. The quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) method was applied to evaluate the expression of SNARE complex proteins.. Results: Based on the results, metformin (100, 150, and 200 mg/kg body weight) decreased serum glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels. This difference in dose of 200 mg/kg body weight was statistically significant (P<0.05). Moreover, all three doses of metformin increased the expression of SNAP- 23, syntaxin-4, and VAMP-2 proteins in skeletal muscle tissue. Metformin at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight demonstrated the most significant effects (P<0.05). Conclusion: As evidenced by the results of the current study, another anti-diabetic mechanism of metformin is to increase the expression of SNARE proteins, which effectively improves insulin resistance and lowers blood glucose.

scholarly journals Physical training reverses changes in hepatic mitochondrial diameter of Alloxan-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Keine Kuga ◽  
Rafael Calais Gaspar ◽  
Vitor Rosetto Muñoz ◽  
Susana Castelo Branco Ramos Nakandakari ◽  
Leonardo Breda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Sedentary Control ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Training Protocol

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the effects of physical training on metabolic and morphological parameters of diabetic rats. Methods Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: sedentary control, trained control, sedentary diabetic and trained diabetic. Diabetes mellitus was induced by Alloxan (35mg/kg) administration for sedentary diabetic and Trained Diabetic Groups. The exercise protocol consisted of swimming with a load of 2.5% of body weight for 60 minutes per day (5 days per week) for the trained control and Trained Diabetic Groups, during 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed and blood was collected for determinations of serum glucose, insulin, albumin and total protein. Liver samples were extracted for measurements of glycogen, protein, DNA and mitochondrial diameter determination. Results The sedentary diabetic animals presented decreased body weight, blood insulin, and hepatic glycogen, as well as increased glycemia and mitochondrial diameter. The physical training protocol in diabetic animals was efficient to recovery body weight and liver glycogen, and to decrease the hepatic mitochondrial diameter. Conclusion Physical training ameliorated hepatic metabolism and promoted important morphologic adaptations as mitochondrial diameter in liver of the diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Antihyperlipidemic and Biochemical Activities of Mcy Protein in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1326-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saritha Marella ◽  
Dilip Rajasekhar Maddirela ◽  
Kameswara Rao Badri ◽  
Malaka Venkateshwarulu Jyothi Kumar ◽  
Apparao Chippada
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Tissue Lipid ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: This study was aimed to evaluate the protective effects of a novel anti-hyperglycemic “Mcy protein” isolated from the fruits of Momordica cymbalaria in streptozotocin induced- diabetes rat model. Materials and Methods: Wild type and Streptozotocin induced diabetic male wistar albino rats were either treated with single intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mg Mcy protein/kg body weight or acetate buffer daily for 30 days. Fasting blood glucose and, serum and tissue lipid levels were measured along with biochemical analysis for hepatic and renal function tests. Results: Mcy protein significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose and, serum as well as tissue lipid levels (p<0.05), besides normalizing the levels of liver and kidney function markers in the treated diabetic rats when compared to the diabetic controls. Our studies also showed the pancreatic islet regeneration in Mcy treated rats. Conclusion: Mcy protein can alleviate hyperlipidemia and help manage diabetes by stimulating insulin secretion without evident toxic effects on liver and kidney.

scholarly journals The Green Bitter Weed (Hymenoxys odorato) Plant Extract Is Toxic to the Liver and Kidney of Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Juma Ochieng ◽  
Isaac Echoru ◽  
Musa Ajibola Iyiola
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Snake Bites ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
High Doses

Background: Medicinal plants are of great importance to health of individual and communities. About 80% of the population in Uganda relies on traditional medicine because western-trained medical personnel are limited especially in villages. Most Ugandans use Hymenoxys odorato for medicinal purposes e.g. to treat colds, fever, coughs, anti-helminthes, locally used as tea, anti-allergy and also as an anti-venom to relieve snake bites. Method: A group of 25 male wistar rats of 150 g&ndash;210 g were kept for 14 days while being fed and treated with the extract. At 14th day, anesthesia was given and blood samples collected by cardiac puncture for hematological and biochemical investigations. Serum was analyzed for Alkaline Phosphatase, Aspartate Transaminase and Alanine Transaminase while whole blood was used for complete blood count. The liver and kidney were removed and placed in 10% formalin to prepare for histology staining using haematoxylin and eosin technique. Results: The extract elevated hepatic biomarker enzymes i.e. ALP, ALT and AST. The increase was found to be significantly different (P &gt; 0.05) at 400 and 500 mg/kg doses as compared to the control group. Histological sections of the liver showed distortion of liver cytoarchitecture, steatosis, necrosis of hepatocytes and congestion of the sinusoids at high doses 300, 400 and 500 mg/kg body weight. In the sections of the kidney, there was mild distortion of the integrity of the kidney with glomerular hypercellularity at high doses (400 and 500 mg/kg per body weight). Conclusion: Hymenoxys odorato aqueous extract has toxic effects on the liver and kidney of wistar rats. The effects were observed to be in a dose dependent manner.

scholarly journals Can troxerutin pretreatment prevent testicular complications in prepubertal diabetic male rats?

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Ghadiri ◽  
Fariba Mirzaei Bavil ◽  
Gholam Reza Hamidian ◽  
Hajar Oghbaei ◽  
Zohreh Zavvari Oskuye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Apoptosis Process

AbstractObjective. The vast majority of type 1 diabetes leads to a higher prevalence of reproductive system’s impairments. Troxerutin has attracted much attention owing to its favorable properties, including antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. This investigation was proposed to evaluate whether pretreatment with troxerutin could prevent apoptosis-induced testicular disorders in prepubertal diabetic rats.Methods. Fifty prepubertal male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups: control (C), troxerutin (TX), diabetic (D), diabetic+troxerutin (DTX), and diabetic+insulin (DI). Diabetes was induced by 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin applied intraperitoneally. In TX and DTX groups, 150 mg/kg troxerutin was administered by oral gavage. Diabetic rats in DI group received 2–4 U NPH insulin subcutaneously. Troxerutin and insulin treatments were begun immediately on the day of diabetes confirmation. After 30 days, the testicular lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity, apoptosis process, and stereology as well as serum glucose and insulin levels were assessed.Results. The results showed that diabetes caused a significant increase in the blood glucose, the number of TUNEL positive cells and tubules, and the malondialdehyde level as well as a significant decrease in serum insulin level compared to controls. The stereological analysis also revealed various alterations in diabetic rats compared to controls. Troxerutin treatment improved these alterations compared to the diabetic group.Conclusion. Troxerutin-pretreatment may play an essential role in the management of the type-1 diabetes-induced testicular disorders by decreasing blood glucose and modulating apoptosis.

scholarly journals Protein Isolates from Fermented Melon Seeds Promoted Differential Expression in Liver and Pancreas of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-18
Author(s):  
A. O. Iyoriobhe ◽  
A. O. Abiola ◽  
P. A. Adedigba ◽  
P. H. Fagbenro ◽  
T. A. Adebisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Protein Isolates ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Melon Seeds

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common endocrine disorder of human. However, the anti-diabetic activity of protein isolates from fermented plants seed for DM remains enigmatic. The prevalence of diabetes in Africa is exponentially increasing with more deaths occurring directly from diabetes mellitus or from its associated complications. The current study investigated the effect of Protein isolate from fermented melon seeds (Ogiri; OPI) of Cucumeropsis manni on blood glucose, hepatic and pancreatic protein profile, histopathological parameters, identification and characterisation of expressed proteins in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Thirty Male wistar rats were divided into nondiabetic control, STZ-diabetic control, STZ-Ogiri protein isolate supplemented group (STZ-OPI; 200 mg/kg diet), STZ-Ogiri protein isolate supplemented group (STZ-OPI; 600 g/kg diet) and STZ-glibenclamide treated group (STZ-GBN; 0.5 mg/kg diet). Diabetes was induced by a single injection of STZ (60 mg/kg BW) freshly dissolved in 0.1 mol/L citrate buffer (pH 4.5) into the intraperitonium. Diabetes was confirmed by measuring the fasting blood glucose concentration 48-h post-injection. The rats with blood glucose level above 290 mg/dL were considered to be diabetic. Ogiri protein isolates was supplemented in the diet for 6 weeks. The supplementation OPI reduced (P< 0.05) the blood glucose concentration of the STZ-induced diabetic rats. OPI supplemented groups had significantly higher percentage body weight gain. The high dose OPI supplemented group had a lowest liver protein concentration (19.39 mg/dl) but a significantly (P< 0.05) higher pancreas protein concentration when compared to all the diabetic control. Histological sections of examined tissue revealed accumulation of fat in the liver of diabetic rats and necrosis of the islet of Langerhans were observed in the pancreas. 1DE SDS-PAGE of hepatic and pancreatic tissue homogenates revealed differential expression of 150 kDa proteins in rats treated with 200 mg/kg body weight of OPI only and 20-25 kDa proteins in rats treated with 600 mg/kg body weight of OPI respectively. This result show that OPI supplementation may impose a direct or indirect inhibitory or post translational modification on specific proteins implicated in hyperglycemia and diabetes and as such be a potential antihyperglycemic agent in the management of diabetes.

scholarly journals Extract Ethanol of Poguntano in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-254
Author(s):  
Sry Suryani Widjaja ◽  
Rusdiana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Back Ground: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disease with high blood glucose level above 150 mg/dL over a prolonged period. The elevated of blood glucose, free fatty acid and insulin resistance will cause the endothelial dysfunction, hemostasis disturbances that lead to micro and macrovascular complications. Poguntano (Picria fel-terrae Merr) from family Scrophulariaceae found in most part of Indonesia, has been used as traditional plant for treatment of diabetes.Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of extract ethanol of Poguntano in alloxan induced diabetic rats.Method: Fifteen male Wistar rats with body weight of 150-200 gr were given intra peritoneal injection of 150 mg/kg Alloxan to induce diabetes. These were divided into three groups (control diabetic, group given insulin and group given Extract ethanol of Poguntano 200 mg/Kg body weight) and one control normal control. The duration of study was 4 weeks; blood glucose and Endothelin-1 were measured for all groups.Results : Extract ethanol of Poguntano 200 mg showed significant results (p<0.001) in lowering blood glucose in Alloxan induced diabetic rats compared to control diabetic, but did not show superior to insulin group (p=0.892). Endothelin-1 showed statistical significant between group with normal rats and diabetic control rats. (p=0.009) but did not in the other groups. Levels of Endothelin-1 was higher in the diabetic control group with the median 1.95 (1,78- 3.1).Conclusion: In our study we found that extract ethanol of Poguntano showed significant hypoglycemic activity and lowering the Endothelin-1 level in alloxan induced diabetic rats.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(2) 2018 p.251-254

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