A Novel Halogenated Compound Possessing Antibiotic and Cytotoxic Activities Isolated from the Fungus Resinicium pinicola (J. Erikss.) Erikss. & Hjortst

1994 ◽  
Vol 49 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 772-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uta Becker ◽  
Timm Anke ◽  
Olov Sterner
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Halogenated Compound ◽  
Trichloromethyl Group ◽  
Acyclic Compound

Pinicoloform, a novel unbranched acyclic compound containing a trichloromethyl group, has been isolated from extracts of the mycelia of the Basidiomycete Resinicium pinicola. It was isolated because of its ability to induce morphological and physiological differentiation of mammalian cells, although it also exhibits antibiotic and cytotoxic activities. The structure of pinicoloform was determined by spectroscopic methods.

scholarly journals Distinct Chemistries Define the Diverse Biological Effects of Plasma Activated Water Generated with Spark and Glow Plasma Discharges

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1178
Author(s):  
Evanthia Tsoukou ◽  
Maxime Delit ◽  
Louise Treint ◽  
Paula Bourke ◽  
Daniela Boehm
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Plasma Activated Water

The spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria poses a significant threat to human health. Plasma activated liquids (PAL) could be a promising alternative for microbial decontamination, where different PAL can possess diverse antimicrobial efficacies and cytotoxic profiles, depending on the range and concentration of their reactive chemical species. In this research, the biological activity of plasma activated water (PAW) on different biological targets including both microbiological and mammalian cells was investigated in vitro. The aim was to further an understanding of the specific role of distinct plasma reactive species, which is required to tailor plasma activated liquids for use in applications where high antimicrobial activity is required without adversely affecting the biology of eukaryotic cells. PAW was generated by glow and spark discharges, which provide selective generation of hydrogen peroxide, nitrite and nitrate in the liquid. The PAW made by either spark or glow discharges showed similar antimicrobial efficacy and stability of activity, despite the very different reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species profiles (RNS). However, different trends were observed for cytotoxic activities and effects on enzyme function, which were translated through the selective chemical species generation. These findings indicate very distinct mechanisms of action which may be exploited when tailoring plasma activated liquids to various applications. A remarkable stability to heat and pressure was noted for PAW generated with this set up, which broadens the application potential. These features also suggest that post plasma modifications and post generation stability can be harnessed as a further means of modulating the chemistry, activity and mode of delivery of plasma functionalised liquids. Overall, these results further understanding on how PAL generation may be tuned to provide candidate disinfectant agents for biomedical application or for bio-decontamination in diverse areas.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Minor Piericidin Derivatives from the Actinomycete Strain Streptomyces psammoticus SCSIO NS126

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 428
Author(s):  
Kunlong Li ◽  
Ziqi Su ◽  
Yongli Gao ◽  
Xiuping Lin ◽  
Xiaoyan Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Mangrove Sediment ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathways ◽  
Fermentation Conditions ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Actinomycete Strain

The mangrove-sediment-derived actinomycete strain Streptomyces psammoticus SCSIO NS126 was found to have productive piericidin metabolites featuring anti-renal cell carcinoma activities. In this study, in order to explore more diverse piericidin derivatives, and therefore to discover superior anti-tumor lead compounds, the NS126 strain was further fermented at a 300-L scale under optimized fermentation conditions. As a result, eight new minor piericidin derivatives (piericidins L-R (1–7) and 11-demethyl-glucopiericidin A (8)) were obtained, along with glucopiericidin B (9). The new structures including absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic methods coupled with experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism. We also proposed plausible biosynthetic pathways for these unusual post-modified piericidins. Compounds 1 and 6 showed selective cytotoxic activities against OS-RC-2 cells, and 2–5 exhibited potent cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells, with IC50 values lower than 0.1 μM. The new piericidin glycoside 8 was cytotoxic against ACHN, HL-60 and K562, with IC50 values of 2.3, 1.3 and 5.5 μM, respectively. The ability to arrest the cell cycle and cell apoptosis effects induced by 1 and 6 in OS-RC-2 cells, 2 in HL-60 cells, and 8 in ACHN cells were then further investigated. This study enriched the structural diversity of piericidin derivatives and confirmed that piericidins deserve further investigations as promising anti-tumor agents.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Sesterterpenes from Thai Marine Sponge Hyrtios erectus

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wirongrong Kaweetripob ◽  
Chulabhorn Mahidol ◽  
Pittaya Tuntiwachwuttikul ◽  
Somsak Ruchirawat ◽  
Hunsa Prawat
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ether ◽  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Modified Mosher’S Method

Four sesterterpenes, erectusolides B, C, D, and seco-manoalide-25-methyl ether, two 2-furanone derivatives, erectusfuranones A and B, together with thirteen known sesterterpenes, (6Z)-neomanoalide-24-acetate, two diastereomers of 24-O-methylmanoalide, luffariolide B, manoalide, (6E)- and (6Z)-neomanoalide, seco-manoalide, scalarafuran, 12-acetylscalarolide, 12-epi-O-deacetyl-19-deoxyscalarin, 12-epi-scalarin, and 12-O-deacetyl-12-epi-scalarin, three indole alkaloids, 5-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde, hyrtiosine A, and variabine B, and one norterpene, cavernosine were isolated from the marine sponge Hyrtios erectus. Their structures were determined by means of spectroscopic methods and the absolute configurations of the asymmetric centers were determined using the modified Mosher’s method. The cytotoxic activities for the isolated compounds have been reported.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities ofAllium hirtifoliumBoiss

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salmiah Ismail ◽  
Farid Azizi Jalilian ◽  
Amir Hossein Talebpour ◽  
Mohsen Zargar ◽  
Kamyar Shameli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Microdilution Broth

Allium hirtifoliumBoiss. known as Persian shallot, is a spice used as a traditional medicine in Iran and, Mediterranean region. In this study, the chemical composition of the hydromethanolic extract of this plant was analyzed using GC/MS. The result showed that 9-hexadecenoic acid, 11,14-eicosadienoic acid, and n-hexadecanoic acid are the main constituents. The antibacterial activity of the shallot extract was also examined by disk diffusion and microdilution broth assays. It was demonstrated that Persian shallot hydromethanolic extract was effective against 10 different species of pathogenic bacteria including methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA), methicillin sensitiveStaphylococcus aureus(MSSA),Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Streptococcus pneumoniae,Escherichia coli, Escherichia coliO157:H7,Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus mirabilis, andKlebsiella pneumoniae. Specifically, the minimum concentration of the extract which inhibited bacterial growth (MIC values) was 1.88 mg/mL for most of the gram-positive bacteria. This concentration was not much different from the concentration that was safe for mammalian cells (1.50 mg/mL) suggesting that the hydromethanolic extract of Persian shallot may be a safe and strong antibacterial agent.

scholarly journals Clavanin A Improves Outcome of Complications from Different Bacterial Infections

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 1620-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmar N. Silva ◽  
Isabel C. M. Fensterseifer ◽  
Elaine A. Rodrigues ◽  
Hortência H. S. Holanda ◽  
Natasha R. F. Novaes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wound Model ◽  
Acute Toxicity Tests

ABSTRACTThe rapid increase in the incidence of multidrug-resistant infections today has led to enormous interest in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as suitable compounds for developing unusual antibiotics. In this study, clavanin A, an antimicrobial peptide previously isolated from the marine tunicateStyela clava, was selected as a purposeful molecule that could be used in controlling infection and further synthesized. Clavanin A wasin vitroevaluated againstStaphylococcus aureusandEscherichia colias well as toward L929 mouse fibroblasts and skin primary cells (SPCs). Moreover, this peptide was challenged here in anin vivowound and sepsis model, and the immune response was also analyzed. Despite displaying clearin vitroantimicrobial activity toward Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, clavanin A showed no cytotoxic activities against mammalian cells, and in acute toxicity tests, no adverse reaction was observed at any of the concentrations. Moreover, clavanin A significantly reduced theS. aureusCFU in an experimental wound model. This peptide also reduced the mortality of mice infected withE. coliandS. aureusby 80% compared with that of control animals (treated with phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]): these data suggest that clavanin A prevents the start of sepsis and thereby reduces mortality. These data suggest that clavanin A is an AMP that could improve the development of novel peptide-based strategies for the treatment of wound and sepsis infections.

Cytotoxic α-Pyrones from Xylaria hypoxylon

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 169-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Schüffler ◽  
Olov Sterner ◽  
Heidrun Anke
Keyword(s):  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Submerged Cultures

Abstract Two new α-pyrone derivatives, xylarone (1) and 8,9-dehydroxylarone (2) possessing cytotoxic activities, were isolated from the culture fluid of submerged cultures of the ascomycete Xylaria hypoxylon, strain A27-94. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.

Comparative study of genotoxic, antigenotoxic and cytotoxic activities of monoterpenes camphor, eucalyptol and thujone in bacteria and mammalian cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Nikolić ◽  
Bojana Vasilijević ◽  
Dragana Mitić-Ćulafić ◽  
Branka Vuković-Gačić ◽  
Jelena Knežević-Vukćević
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities

Encapsulation of Silver Nanoparticles in Polylactic Acid or Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and Their Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 6933-6941
Author(s):  
Daissy Julieth Paredes Guerrero ◽  
Jhon Jhamilton Artunduaga Bonilla ◽  
Claudia Cristina Ortiz López ◽  
Rodrigo Gonzalo Torres Sáez
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Candida Guilliermondii ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Polymeric Nanocomposites ◽  
Murine Fibroblast ◽  
Average Size

Encapsulation with biodegradable polymers is an alternative to reduce adverse effects and improve the physicochemical properties of metallic nanoparticles. In this study, spherical polymeric nanoparticles with an average size of 200 nm loaded with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were obtained. The antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and yeasts as Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida guilliermondii was determined. MIC90 values of nanocomposites were between 0.01 to 1 μg/mL, potentialized effect up to 500 times compared to free AgNPs. In addition, cytotoxic effect on 50% of murine fibroblast (CC50) was obtained at a mean concentration of 9.57 μg/mL of AgNPs (up to ~1000 times higher than MIC90). Consequently, the polymeric nanocomposites loaded with AgNPs are a potential alternative in the development of new biocide agents on Candida species and pathogenic bacteria at non-toxic concentrations for mammalian cells such as murine fibroblasts.

6,9-Dihydroxy-3(15)-caryophyllen-4,8-dione -a New Antibiotic from a Marasmius Species

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Fabian ◽  
Timm Anke ◽  
Olov Sterner
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects

Abstract 6,9-Dihydroxy-3(15)-caryophyllen-4,8-dione (1), a new cytotoxic caryophyllane sesquiterpene, was isolated from fermentations of a tropical Marasmius species. The structure was established by spectroscopic methods. 1 exhibits strong cytotoxic effects on different cell lines, but only weak antimicrobial activities. 1 weakly inhibits the incorporation of leucine and thymidine into proteins and DNA of mammalian cells and interferes with the aggregation of hum an and bovine platelets

scholarly journals Single Amino Acid Substitutions at Specific Positions of the Heptad Repeat Sequence of Piscidin-1 Yielded Novel Analogs That Show Low Cytotoxicity andIn VitroandIn VivoAntiendotoxin Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 3687-3699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Amit Kumar Tripathi ◽  
Manoj Kathuria ◽  
Sonal Shree ◽  
Jitendra Kumar Tripathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Repeat Sequence ◽  
Heptad Repeat ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Isoleucine Residue

Piscidin-1 possesses significant antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. To recognize the primary amino acid sequence(s) in piscidin-1 that could be important for its biological activity, a long heptad repeat sequence located in the region from amino acids 2 to 19 was identified. To comprehend the possible role of this motif, six analogs of piscidin-1 were designed by selectively replacing a single isoleucine residue at a d (5th) position or at an a (9th or 16th) position with either an alanine or a valine residue. Two more analogs, namely, I5F,F6A-piscidin-1 and V12I-piscidin-1, were designed for investigating the effect of interchanging an alanine residue at a d position with an adjacent phenylalanine residue and replacing a valine residue with an isoleucine residue at another d position of the heptad repeat of piscidin-1, respectively. Single alanine-substituted analogs exhibited significantly reduced cytotoxicity against mammalian cells compared with that of piscidin-1 but appreciably retained the antibacterial and antiendotoxin activities of piscidin-1. All the single valine-substituted piscidin-1 analogs and I5F,F6A-piscidin-1 showed cytotoxicity greater than that of the corresponding alanine-substituted analogs, antibacterial activity marginally greater than or similar to that of the corresponding alanine-substituted analogs, and also antiendotoxin activity superior to that of the corresponding alanine-substituted analogs. Interestingly, among these peptides, V12I-piscidin-1 showed the highest cytotoxicity and antibacterial and antiendotoxin activities. Lipopolysaccharide (12 mg/kg of body weight)-treated mice, further treated with I16A-piscidin-1, the piscidin-1 analog with the highest therapeutic index, at a single dose of 1 or 2 mg/kg of body weight, showed 80 and 100% survival, respectively. Structural and functional characterization of these peptides revealed the basis of their biological activity and demonstrated that nontoxic piscidin-1 analogs with significant antimicrobial and antiendotoxin activities can be designed by incorporating single alanine substitutions in the piscidin-1 heptad repeat.

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