scholarly journals Algorithmic Long-Term Unemployment Risk Assessment in Use: Counselors’ Perceptions and Use Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leid Zejnilović ◽  
Susana Lavado ◽  
Íñigo Martínez de Rituerto de Troya ◽  
Samantha Sim ◽  
Andrew Bell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Public Agency ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Employment Service

The recent surge of interest in algorithmic decision-making among scholars across disciplines is associated with its potential to resolve the challenges common to administrative decision-making in the public sector, such as greater fairness and equal treatment of each individual, among others. However, algorithmic decision-making combined with human judgment may introduce new complexities with unclear consequences. This article offers evidence that contributes to the ongoing discussion about algorithmic decision-making and governance, contextualizing it within a public employment service. In particular, we discuss the use of a decision support system that employs an algorithm to assess individual risk of becoming long-term unemployed and that informs counselors to assign interventions accordingly. We study the human interaction with algorithms in this context using the lenses of human detachment from and attachment to decision-making. Employing a mixed-method research approach, we show the complexity of enacting the potentials of the data-driven decision-making in the context of a public agency.

Logic and Research Versus Intuition and Past Practice as Guides to Gathering and Evaluating Eyewitness Evidence

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1241-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Turtle ◽  
Stephen C. Want
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Common Misconceptions

Psychologists have conducted extensive research and devoted substantial thought to the memory, cognition, decision-making, logic, and human interaction components of eyewitness evidence. It is fortunate that much of that work has been formally recognized by law enforcement and the legal community and used as the basis for procedure and policy changes with regard to how eyewitness evidence is collected and evaluated. The authors discuss reasons that some segments of law enforcement, the legal community, and the public resist these research findings (e.g., by seeing psychology's role as a way to discredit eyewitness evidence or being committed to established procedures that have no empirical support). The authors also address gaps between these common misconceptions and what the psychology research perspective has to offer, in an effort to gain even more support for research- and logic-based recommendations concerning eyewitness evidence.

scholarly journals Penguatan Gender dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Birokrasi di Kabupaten Bone Bolango

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Robby Hunawa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Public ◽  
Female Figures ◽  
Reinforcement Model ◽  
The Impact

The long-term goal of this research is the birth of the process of drawing women's involvement in the bureaucratic decision-making process, and the gender reinforcement model in bureaucratic decision making in Bone Bolango District. The target of the research will be done by stages: 1) identify the problem of constraints faced; and 2) to formulate a model of gender reinforcement in bureaucratic decision making. The research method used is qualitative research with data collection techniques through: interview, documentation, and FGD. Further data collected will be analyzed data triangulation. The result of the research is the birth of a model of gender reinforcement in decision making bureaucracy. The impact of the study will provide answers on women's partisifasi in decision making. During this time the existence of women is very much ruled out. The presence of female figures in the public dimension brings new trends in the context of government. Women want to be treated proportionally. This tendency has implications for the inclusion of women to compete with men to become leaders.

scholarly journals Public trust doctrine, research and responsible wildlife management in South Africa

Bothalia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Blackmore
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Trust Doctrine

A significant proportion of South African biodiversity occurs in extensive private wildlife areas. As such, the continuance of these private reserves is paramount to conservation of the country’s biodiversity. The areas are, however, vulnerable to being divided into smaller camps as landowners enter into the new and rapidly growing industry of selective breeding and intensive management of antelope and predators. Concerns are being raised as to the long-term consequences of the products and impacts of this industry on, inter alia, integrity and conservation of the country’s wildlife, and the landscapes these facilities are located in, as well as the country’s reputation as a free ranging and fair chase hunting destination. Using the public trust doctrine as a foundation, this article characterises the relationship between the country’s environmental law and the roles played by government as the regulator, the wildlife industry, research and the public in achieving responsible wildlife management and the long-term conservation of this resource. These relationships are seen to be finely balanced between the provision of robust science, and evidence-based and cautious or risk-averse decision-making. It is concluded that the public trust doctrine is a powerful tool to limit the impacts of unsustainable and parochial use of wildlife on the conservation of biodiversity. It is also concluded that an improved understanding of the doctrine by researchers, public and the wildlife industry would lead to a greater relevance of research, and in turn sound evidence-based decision-making and ultimately sustainable use of wildlife.

scholarly journals MEMBANGUN WEBSITE PROFILE KELURAHAN MELAYU TENGGARONG

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Yulindawati Yulindawati ◽  
Hanifah Ekawati
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Software Engineering ◽  
System Development ◽  
System Engineering ◽  
Development Method ◽  
The Public ◽  
Specific Target ◽  
Development Life Cycle

The research to build Website Profile of Tenggarong Kelurahan is a study to facilitate the public to obtain complete and up-to-date information because the information is felt to be very important in decision making and in achieving goals. In addition to obtaining complete and up-to-date information, the website can also send and publish information to the wider community online. The system development method used in this research is the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method, or better known as the system development life cycle in system engineering and software engineering, is the process of making and changing systems and the models and methodologies used to develop these systems. The long-term goal to be achieved is that it is hoped that this system will be able to publicize its activities for more up-to-date information so that the public can find out about the activities that have been carried out, ease of information on the procedures for handling correspondence in the Melayu Tenggarong village to the public at large. So that the specific target of using the Tenggarong Kelurahan website as an effective medium for delivering information can be achieved.

scholarly journals An audit evidence planning model for the public sector

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Mentz ◽  
Karin Barac ◽  
Elza Odendaal
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Audit Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
Audit Evidence ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Auditor General

Orientation: Auditors have to exercise complex, multi-dimensional evidence-planning judgements. Research purpose: Drawing on social closure theory, the aim of this study is to develop a model to inform the flexible exercise of judgement regarding the types, extent and combinations of audit procedures implemented to gather sufficient appropriate audit evidence to respond to the assessed risks of material misstatement. Motivation for the study: The exercise of considerable judgements by auditors may mean that little consistency is achieved regarding the quantity and quality of the audit evidence obtained, especially in the public sectors of developing countries (which are often plagued by corruption), and where auditors and auditees have limited skills and experience. Research approach, design and method: The study employs a theory-building approach to develop a model intended to guide public sector auditors (following an audit risk approach), to exercise planning judgements for a class of transactions, account balance and/or disclosure. Main findings: The model clarifies the audit evidence decision-making sequences, interrelationships and contingent dependencies of the different audit procedures, and quantifies the compensatory inter-relationships between the types of audit procedures to be performed and the overall levels of assurance desired in response to the assessed risks of material misstatement. Practical and managerial implications: The model could aid public sector auditors to reduce uncertainty, ambiguity and judgement errors during their planning decision-making. Contribution or value-add: The model has been incorporated into the audit methodology of the Auditor-General of South Africa, and has been assessed for compliance with the International Standards on Auditing by the Independent Regulatory Board for Auditors in South Africa.

scholarly journals Challenges Faced By Ward Officers in Practicing Accountability and Participation: A Case of Arusha City, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Augustin Mshanga
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Interview Guide

This study observed challenges faced by Ward Officers (WOs) in practicing accountability and participation in the wards in Arusha city. The study adopted descriptive research design and used mixed method research approach. The population involved 175 ward officers in 25 wards in Arusha city from which a sample of 70 ward officers was drawn, but only 68 (97%) of them participated. Purposive sampling and simple random technique were used to obtain respondents. Data was collected through questionnaires and interview guide. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were subjected to thematic analysis. Findings revealed that challenges faced by WOs in practicing accountability and participation in their wards includes: little turn up of citizens in political election, lack of interests to participate in decision making, misuse of resources and environmental pollution, corruption and insufficient funds. The study recommended that local government authorities should educate its people on the importance of participating on different development activities from planning to implementation, and WOs should ensure ward information are accessible by the public.

scholarly journals Still normal? Contextualizing real-time data with long-term statistics to monitor anomalies and systematic changes in storm surge activity – Introduction of a prototype web tool storm surge monitor for the German coasts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Insa Meinke ◽  
Ralf Weisse
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Storm Activity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Real Time Data

Abstract. Storm surges represent a major threat to many low-lying coastal areas in the world. While most places can cope with or are more or less adapted to present-day risks, future risks may increase from factors such as sea level rise, subsidence, or changes in storm activity. This may require further or alternative adaptation and strategies. For most places, both forecasts and real-time observations are available. However, analyses of long-term changes or recent severe extremes that are important for decision-making are usually only available sporadically or with substantial delay. In this paper, we propose to contextualize real-time data with long-term statistics to make such information publicly available in near real-time. We implement and demonstrate the concept of a ”storm surge monitor” for tide gauges along the German North Sea and Baltic Sea coasts. It provides automated near real-time assessments of the course and severity of the ongoing storm surge season and its single events. The assessment is provided in terms of storm surge height, frequency, duration, and intensity. It is proposed that such near real-time assessments provide added value to the public and decision-making. It is further suggested that the concept is transferable to other coastal regions threatened by storm surges.

scholarly journals Digital Discretion: Unpacking Human and Technological Agency in Automated Decision Making in Sweden’s Social Services

2020 ◽  
pp. 089443932098043
Author(s):  
Agneta Ranerup ◽  
Helle Zinner Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Public ◽  
Automated Decision Making ◽  
New Situation

The introduction of robotic process automation (RPA) into the public sector has changed civil servants’ daily life and practices. One of these central practices in the public sector is discretion. The shift to a digital mode of discretion calls for an understanding of the new situation. This article presents an empirical case where automated decision making driven by RPA has been implemented in social services in Sweden. It focuses on the aspirational values and effects of the RPA in social services. Context, task, and activities are captured by a detailed analysis of humans and technology. This research finds that digitalization in social services has a positive effect on civil servants’ discretionary practices mainly in terms of their ethical, democratic, and professional values. The long-term effects and the influence on fair and uniform decision making also merit future research. In addition, the article finds that a human–technology hybrid actor redefines social assistance practices. Simplifications are needed to unpack the automated decision-making process because of the technological and theoretical complexities.

Using ArcGIS Portal to inform decision making for Integrated Coastal Management, KwaZulu-Natal

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Goble ◽  
Trevor Hill ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Coastal Management ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Institutional Knowledge ◽  
Kwazulu Natal

The coastal environment is one of the most utilised for human activities; providing a diverse range of goods and services such as fisheries, water purification and coastal erosion protection. This results in the need for effective, ongoing management and informed decision making, to ensure long-term sustainability of the coastal environment. However, Goble et al. (2017) highlight that institutional knowledge and capacity are currently limited to achieve the objectives of effective coastal management. This research considers the use of ArcGIS Portal as a component of a Decision Support System (or Info-portal) for coastal management in KwaZulu-Natal, through the development of an online, interactive mapping platform. This platform offers a portal to decision makers to access and interrogate data and information, thus informing decision making. The development of this tool followed a participatory approach, and engagement with end-users throughout the process to ensure that the tool meets users’ requirements. To date, the info-portal has been well utilised by both decision makers and members of the public that are interested in the coast. It offers an excellent example of the power of a spatial tool in improving decision making.

Appreciating the Diversity of NGO’s Towards Service Delivery in South Africa: Drawing Evidences from Eastern Cape Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Mutemi Kajiita ◽  
Simon Kang’ethe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
The Public ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
The Government

The dismantling of Apartheid era in South Africa in 1994, the advent of democratic era, was welcomed with a package of hope for the citizens as far as development was concerned. Since then, the government has been playing a key role in service delivery. Nonetheless, gaps exist in dispensing an array of services and this has prompted the interventions of NGOs in such developmental discourses. Through a mixed method research approach, this article explores the milestones of NGOs in South Africa while drawing pieces of evidence from Eastern Cape Province. The findings indicate that NGOs have responded positively to the prevention and treatment of various diseases, offered training and facilitated medical facilities in the province, promoted early childhood education and finally ensured regularity in services delivery. The article recommends that the public should appreciate and show goodwill to the efforts of the NGOs, pull their resources together to support and sustain the already existing NGO projects.

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