Twenty-four-hour beta-endorphin secretory pattern in the elderly

1987 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Rolandi ◽  
R. Franceschini ◽  
A. Marabini ◽  
V. Messina ◽  
A. Cataldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beta Endorphin ◽  
Multilinear Regression Analysis ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Secretory Pattern

Abstract. A chronobiological study was carried out in seven elderly male subjects (78–84 years) to evaluate the 24-h beta-endorphin secretory pattern. Seven young adult males (28–37 years) made up the control group. Blood samples were drawn every four hours from 08.00 to 20.00 h and every two hours from 24.00 to 06.00 h. ACTH and cortisol levels were also determined in the same plasma samples. Mean 24-h beta-endorphin values in the elderly (32.6 ± 1.1 ng/l) and in the young adult male subjects (29.5 ± 1.4 ng/l) did not differ statistically, but the circadian rhythm was absent in the elderly subjects. In the elderly, plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations showed a circadian rhythm similar to that observed in the adult subjects. However, in the elderly patients, in contrast to that in the adult subjects, the multilinear regression analysis did not show any statistically significant correlation between the beta-endorphin, ACTH and cortisol 24-h plasma concentrations.

scholarly journals Adverse plasma fatty acid composition in patients with femoral neck fracture1

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Arsic ◽  
Goran Pesic ◽  
Snjezana Petrovic ◽  
Aleksandar Matic ◽  
Jovana Jeremic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Femoral Neck Fractures ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total N ◽  
Tnf Α

Our study aimed to examine the status of plasma fatty acids (FAs), inflammatory markers, and lipid peroxidation in patients with femoral neck fractures. The study included 20 patients (64–86 years) with femoral neck fractures indicated for surgery and a control group of 17 elderly subjects without fractures or serious chronic diseases. Plasma was obtained during the first 12 h postfracture and presurgery and 7 days postop. Compared to the control, patients had significantly higher saturated FA (SFA) and monounsaturated FA as well as increased TNF-α and IL-6. Opposite to that, levels of individual and total n-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), individual and total n-3 PUFA, n-6/n-3 ratio, and levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were markedly lower in the patient than in the controls. On the seventh day after the surgery, we showed a further rise in the SFA, oleic acid, and TNF-α and reductions of n-6 PUFA and IL-6. Taken together, our results suggest that altered FA status, especially reduced PUFA, may influence hip fracture repair and even contribute to femoral fracture susceptibility in the elderly. A potential benefit from nutritional intervention with PUFA in prevention and (or) fracture healing should be considered.

POSTWEANING PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS OF LUTEINIZING HORMONE AND ESTROGENS IN SOWS: EFFECT OF TREATMENT WITH PREGNANT MARE’S SERUM GONADOTROPIN OR ESTRADIOL-17β PLUS PROGESTERONE

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. DYCK ◽  
W. M. PALMER ◽  
S. SIMARAKS
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Secretory Pattern ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

The plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and estrogens (E) were determined for 12 sows, from a herd with a history of postweaning anestrus, from the day of weaning to 32 days after weaning (trial I). A linear increase in plasma LH and E was observed in six sows which remained in anestrus (LH, 0.32–0.47 ng/ml; E, 16.1–24.7 pg/ml). These concentrations were similar to those observed in cycling sows during diestrus. In the remaining sows concurrent peaks of LH and E were observed during proestrus and estrus. In a second trial, two groups each of five sows were treated with a single injection of pregnant mare’s serum gonadotropin (PMSG, 1500 IU) or steroids (estradiol-17β, 1 mg plus progesterone, 2 mg) on the day after weaning. The plasma concentrations of LH and E for 10–12 days after weaning were compared with those of five untreated control sows. In the PMSG-treated group, concurrent peaks of LH (4.7 ± 0.5 ng/ml) and E (121 ± 41 pg/ml) were observed at estrus. The control group produced a lower LH peak at estrus (1.5 ± 0.4 ng/ml) which was not accompanied by a rise in plasma E. No consistent secretory pattern for plasma LH and E was observed in the steroid treatment group.

Evaluation of the supervisory system in elderly subjects with and without disinhibition

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Gokalsing ◽  
P.H. Robert ◽  
V Lafont ◽  
I Medecin ◽  
C Baudu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Test Sequence ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
General Context ◽  
Boston Naming Test ◽  
Supervisory System

Disinhibition and irritability, defined as loss of behavioral and emotional control, are frequent in the elderly. The working hypothesis for this study was that these disorders are associated with a cognitive alteration of control processes that manifests as non-routine behavior because of the dysfunction of a general executive component known as the supervisory attentional system (SAS).MethodsA total of 28 elderly subjects with mild cognitive impairment were recruited and divided into two groups using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Fourteen subjects were allocated to the disinhibited group and 14 subjects matched for age, sex and educational level formed a disinhibition-free control group. The neuropsychological battery included the following tests: Mini Mental Score Evaluation, Boston Naming test, Token test, Trail Making and Verbal Fluency. Two tasks were specifically designed to stress the SAS: 1) A specific verbal sentence arrangement task in which subjects had to use sequential reasoning with verbal material. Each test sequence consisted of a series of words shown in jumbled order. The construction of some sequences had to be done by using familiar routine associations (valid conditions). In contrast, other sequences required the overriding selection of familiar routine associations, which were inappropriate within the general context of the task (invalid conditions). 2) Using the Continuous Performance Test, four aspects were evaluated: sustained, selective, preparation and suppressive attention.ResultsThe only group differences in neuropsychological test results were the following: 1) the sentence arrangement task. In comparison with the control group, the disinhibited group was impaired in invalid conditions and the calculated difference between the number of correct responses in invalid conditions minus that in valid conditions was significantly higher; and 2) the CPT. Disinhibited subjects had a significantly lower number of hits, exclusively in the ‘suppressive attention’ paradigm.These results suggest that subjects with disinhibition have impaired supervisory system function.

scholarly journals Arginine behaviour after arginine or citrulline administration in older subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Moinard ◽  
J. Maccario ◽  
S. Walrand ◽  
V. Lasserre ◽  
J. Marc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Loading Tests ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Healthy Elderly Subjects

AbstractArginine (ARG) and its precursor citrulline (CIT) are popular dietary supplements, especially for the elderly. However, age-related reductions in lean body mass and alterations in organ functions could change their bioavailability. Pharmacokinetics and tolerance to amino acid (AA) loads are poorly documented in elderly subjects. The objective here was to characterise the plasma kinetics of CIT and ARG in a single-dosing study design. Eight fasting elderly men underwent two separate isomolar oral loading tests (10 g of CIT or 9·94 g of ARG). Blood was withdrawn over an 8-h period to measure plasma AA concentrations. Only CIT, ornithine and ARG plasma concentrations were changed. Volume of distribution was not dependent on AA administered. Conversely, parameters related to ARG kinetics were strongly dependent on AA administered: after ARG load, elimination was higher (ARG>CIT; P=0·041) and admission period+time at peak concentration was lower (ARG<CIT; P=0·033), and the combination of both phenomena results in a marked increase in ARG availability when CIT was administered (ARG<CIT; P=0·033) compared with ARG administration itself. In conclusion, a single CIT administration in the elderly is safe and well tolerated, and CIT proves to be a better in vivo ARG precursor than ARG itself in healthy elderly subjects.

Circadian rhythm of catecholamines, cortisol and prolactin is altered in patients with apallic syndrome in comparison with normal volunteers

1982 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Ratge ◽  
Ernst Knoll ◽  
Ulrich Diener ◽  
Alexander Hadjidimos ◽  
Hermann Wisser
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Apallic Syndrome ◽  
Controlled Processes ◽  
Episodic Nature

Abstract. Circadian rhythms of catecholamines, cortisol and prolactin were investigated in 4 healthy subjects and in 6 patients suffering from an apallic syndrome. The clinical picture of this syndrome is characterized by disturbed consciousness (coma vigile), suspension of the sleeping and waking rhythm, lack of emotional reactions and appearance of primitive motor patterns. With the exception of dopamine a pronounced circadian rhythm was found in the control group for all investigated parameters. Catecholamines and cortisol showed a good correlation in the temporal pattern of plasma concentrations and urinary excreted amounts. In all apallic patients the circadian rhythm of prolactin was abolished. Only in one patient a rhythm of catecholamines and in 2 patients a rhythm of cortisol was still detectable. The data may indicate that the episodic nature of hormone secretion was essentially unaffected by the apallic syndrome. These results are regarded as an indication that endogenous, centrally controlled processes participate in circadian rhythms.

Temporal Orientation in the Pre-Senium and Old Age

1985 ◽  
Vol 147 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Brotchie ◽  
James Brennan ◽  
Maria A. Wyke
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Temporal Orientation ◽  
Major Exception ◽  
Young Adult Population

Temporal orientation in 235 normal elderly subjects was examined and compared with previous results from a young adult population. Orientation for time in the elderly remains reasonably intact; the major exception to this was inaccurate recall of the date, which was most pronounced among women in the older group studied (71 +).

scholarly journals Neurofibrillary Pathology in the Infundibular Nucleus in Relation to Age and Abnormal Hormone Levels

2019 ◽  
pp. 196-207
Author(s):  
Andon Hestiantoro ◽  
Dick Frans Swaab
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Hyperphosphorylated Tau ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Brain Bank ◽  
Low Testosterone ◽  
Male Subjects

Abstract Objective: to determine whether the decline of testosterone during ageing would make this nucleus more vulnerable for NF changes (i.e. hyperphosphorylated-tau) in men, or that the decline of estrogens in the postmenopausal period would protect the infundibular nucleus in women. Methods: We investigated the infundibular nucleus in postmortem subjects. Brain materials obtained from 29 subjects in the Netherlands Brain Bank were further classified as control subjects and subjects with abnormal hormone conditions. Procedures consisted of tissue collection, immunochemical staining, and analysis of the staining intensity. Results then were collected and concluded using observational methods. Results: Elderly male subjects with low testosterone conditions showed more severe NF changes in the infundibular nucleus than postmenopausal women. The occurrence of NF changes in elderly subjects was generally accompanied by the presence of basket-like nerve terminals staining for ERβ. Conclusion: The sex difference in NF changes in the infundibular nucleus in the elderly is due to hyperphosphorylated-tau induction in low testosterone and ageing condition in men, while in postmenopausal women the declining estrogen levels seem to protect against NF changes in this brain area. Keywords: ageing, estrogen, hyperphosphorylated-tau, infundibular nucleus, testosterone   Abstrak Tujuan: untuk menentukan apakah penurunan level testosteron selama proses penuaan menyebabkan nukleus infundibularis menjadi lebih rentan terhadap perubahan neurofibrilar (NF) (misalnya hyperphosphorylated-tau) pada laki-laki atau apakah penurunan level estrogen selama masa pasca-menopause memiliki efek protektif terhadap nukleus infundibular pada perempuan. Metode: Peneliti memeriksa nukleus infundibular pada subjekpost-mortem. Materi berupa jaringan otak dari 29 subjek dari Netherlands Brain Bank lebih lanjut diklasifikasikan sebagai subjek kontrol dan subjek dengan kondisi hormon abnormal. Prosedur terdiri dari pengumpulan jaringan, pewarnaan dengan teknik imunohistokimia, dan analisis dari intensitas pewarnaan. Hasil yang didapat kemudian dikumpulkan dan disimpulkan sesuai dengan metode observasional. Hasil: Subjek laki-laki lanjut usia dengan testosteron rendah menunjukkan perubahan NF yang lebih buruk pada nukleus infundibular dibandingkan dengan wanita postmenopause. Kejadian perubahan NF pada subjek lanjut usia secara umum diikuti oleh munculnya pewarnaan pada ujung saraf berbentuk basket-like yang positif untuk Erβ. Kesimpulan:Perbedaan jenis kelamin terkait perubahan NF pada nukleus infundibular pada subjek lanjut usia terjadi akibat induksi hiperfosforilasi taupada kondisi testosteron yang rendah yang dikombinasi oleh proses penuaan pada pria. Sedangkan pada perempuan pascamenopause, penurunan level estrogen menunjukkan efek protektif terhadap perubahan NF pada area otak ini. Kata kunci: estrogen, hiperfosforilasi protein tau, nukleus infundibularis, penuaan, testosteron

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Elderly that attend Pilgrimage Centre, Elele, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Onyema Eledo ◽  
Edidiong Tommy ◽  
Emmanuel Onuoha ◽  
Kingsley Dunga ◽  
Okezie Okamgba
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Agglutination Method ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Male Subjects

This study determined the prevalence of Rheumatoid arthritis in elderly people that attended pilgrimage center, Elele Rivers state, Nigeria. A total of 200 subjects attending the pilgrimage center were examined for Rhematoid Factor using Latex agglutination method. The data was subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. A prevalence of 4% was seen in the female subjects within the age bracket of 65-80 years and a prevalence of 1% was seen in the male subjects within the age bracket of 61-70 years. It showed that Rheumatoid arthritis was positive in 5% of the population and negative in 95% of the population, which was statistically significant (p< 0.05). In conclusion, there is a significant increase in the overall prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in elderly subjects that attend pilgrimage center, Elele. Therefore proper care should be instituted to  avoid unnecessary complications associated with this ailment.

Immunoreactive ACTH and gamma-MSH in rat plasma during early stages of adrenal regeneration

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (4) ◽  
pp. E471-E474 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alfano ◽  
L. G. Dressler ◽  
A. C. Brownie
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Time Point

Recent evidence suggests that in addition to ACTH the pro-gamma-melanotropins play a role in controlling both the steroidogenic activity and growth of the adrenal cortex. By using the regenerating gland as a model for rapid adrenal growth, studies were carried out to monitor plasma ACTH and pro-gamma-melanotropins during the acute phase following adrenal enucleation. Adrenal enucleated rats (experimental group) were uninephroadrenalectomized; controls were uninephrectomized or uninephroadrenalectomized. At intervals up to 96 h after surgery, animals from each of the three groups were killed under quiescent conditions at the low and high points of their circadian rhythm. The plasma concentrations of both ACTH and 11 K gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) in the adrenal enucleated rats were markedly elevated as compared with either control group at each time point monitored. However, there were no significant differences in plasma ACTH or 11 K gamma-MSH between the two control groups, and the levels of plasma 6 K gamma-MSH remained unchanged in all three groups throughout the experiment. These data are consistent with a role for pro-gamma-melanotropins in adrenal regeneration.

An Overview of Fluoxetine in Geriatric Depression

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (S3) ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Feighner ◽  
William F. Boyer ◽  
Charles H. Meredith ◽  
Gordon Hendrickson
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Age Related

During the past 75 years, the proportion of elderly individuals in the USA has grown twice as fast as the general population. Depression in this age-group occurs four times more frequently than in the general population (Butler, 1975), and the suicide rate for people over 65 years of age is 15 times greater than that of the general population (Lehman, 1980).The elderly may be more susceptible to depression due to biological and/or psychosocial variables. Elderly people experience significant losses associated with increasing age, including death of spouse and friends, loss of work, social status, and physical and mental abilities (Lehman, 1980). The biogenic amine hypothesis suggests that the aging brain may experience a decrease in the functional availability of neurotransmitters (Lehman, 1980); this decrease may also play a role in the aetiology of depression.Due to age-related changes in the body, the elderly can be more sensitive to drug therapy. Older patients may require careful dosage adjustments and may also be more prone to experiencing drug-related adverse events. The elderly often receive medication for various indications, and drug interactions are a concern (Thompson et al, 1983). Therefore, efficacy and safety studies of new antidepressants in elderly patients are particularly important. We pooled data from both double-blind and open-label studies to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fluoxetine in geriatric outpatients with DSM-III major depression. Positive results of fluoxetine in the treatment of geriatric depression were reported in one of these studies (Feighner & Cohn, 1985). The favourable safety and side-effect profile of fluoxetine in the general population has been discussed elsewhere (Wernicke, 1985). Plasma concentrations of fluoxetine in elderly subjects are similar to those in younger individuals (I.emberger et al, 1985). These findings, combined with a lack of cardiovascular effects (Fisch, 1985), and low lethality with overdose, indicated promise for fluoxetine as a geriatric antidepressant.

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