Pathological changes and oxidative stress of the HPG axis in hypothyroid rat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Wang ◽  
Wen He ◽  
Xiaoyu Xu ◽  
Lingbin Qi ◽  
Bo Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Differential Expression Analysis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ventromedial Hypothalamus ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Hpg Axis ◽  
Neonatal Hypothyroidism ◽  
Endocrine Disease ◽  
Stress Related Genes ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disease caused by a deficiency of thyroid hormones, which could affect the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis and cause additional severe fertility problems. However, the pathogenesis of abnormal reproductive capacity caused by hypothyroidism and whether there are differences between females and males need more study. Here, we constructed a prolonged neonatal hypothyroid rat model using 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU). H&E staining and RNA-sequencing were performed to detect histopathological and transcriptome changes. Our results indicated the numbers of ventromedial hypothalamus nuclei were increased, and the number of pituitary chromophobes was sharply increased, whereas the proportion of pituitary acidophils and pituitary basophils were obviously reduced. The differentially expressed genes of the HPG axis organs were identified, and different tissues shared similar steroid hormone and oxidative stress-related terms in gene ontology analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential expression analysis indicated oxidative stress and apoptosis-related genes were more enriched in male hypothyroid pituitaries, whereas the serum levels of growth hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone that were detected by ELISA were also reduced more in male hypothyroid rats, suggesting that prolonged neonatal hypothyroidism may have a more significant impact on male pituitaries. Moreover, the multi-organ oxidative stress in hypothyroid rats was confirmed by the higher expression of oxidative stress-related genes such as the Txnip. The increased level of oxidative stress may have contributed to the histopathological and transcriptome changes of HPG axis organs in the prolonged neonatal hypothyroidism rats, especially in male pituitaries.

scholarly journals Dietary Antioxidant Supplements and Uric Acid in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanos Roumeliotis ◽  
Athanasios Roumeliotis ◽  
Evangelia Dounousi ◽  
Theodoros Eleftheriadis ◽  
Vassilios Liakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Increased serum levels of uric acid have been associated with the onset and development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular disease, and mortality, through several molecular pathogenetic mechanisms, such as inflammation and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is present even in the early stages of CKD, progresses parallelly with the deterioration of kidney function, and is even more exacerbated in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Although acting in the plasma as an antioxidant, once uric acid enters the intracellular environment; it behaves as a powerful pro-oxidant. Exogenous intake of antioxidants has been repeatedly shown to prevent inflammation, atherosclerosis and oxidative stress in CKD patients. Moreover, certain antioxidants have been proposed to exert uric acid-lowering properties. This review aims to present the available data regarding the effects of antioxidant supplements on both oxidative stress and uric acid serum levels, in a population particularly susceptible to oxidative damage such as CKD patients.

scholarly journals Hydrostatin-SN10 Ameliorates Pancreatitis-Induced Lung Injury by Affecting IL-6-Induced JAK2/STAT3-Associated Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuehua Piao ◽  
Yanping Zou ◽  
Xiaodan Sui ◽  
Baohai Liu ◽  
Fanji Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Peptide Sequence ◽  
Stat3 Pathway ◽  
Urinary Amylase ◽  
Cell Changes ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Hydrostatin-SN1 (peptide sequence, DEQHLETELHTLTSVLTANGFQ), a kind of peptides extracted from snake venom, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effect, but its truncated mutant hydrostatin-SN10 (peptide sequence, DEQHLETELH) on pancreatitis-induced acute lung injury has not been well documented. Interleukin- (IL-) 6-induced Janus Kinase 2/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway is involved with inflammatory and oxidative stress activities and may be associated with the pathogenesis of lung injury, and related molecules were measured. Taurocholate-induced pancreatitis associated with acute lung injury was established and treated with hydrostatin-SN10. Pancreatitis was confirmed by measuring the serum levels of amylase, lipase, and trypsinogen and urinary amylase. Lung injury was determined by histologically assessing acinar cell changes. The related molecules of IL-6-induced JAK2/STAT3-associated inflammation and oxidative stress were quantitated by real time-PCR, Western blot, and/or immunochemical assay. Hydrostatin-SN10 reduced the levels of serum amylase, lipase, and trypsinogen and urinary amylase when compared with the model group (p<0.05). Hydrostatin-SN10 significantly inhibited the IL-6-stimulated JAK2/STAT3 pathway and reduced the number of apoptotic cells via the downregulation of caspase 3 and BAX (proapoptotic) and upregulation of Bcl2 (antiapoptotic) (p<0.05). IL-6 induced the increase in the levels of JAK2 and STAT3, which was reversed by hydrostatin-SN10 treatment (p<0.05). In addition, hydrostatin-SN10 reduced the expression of IL-6 and TNF- (tumor necrosis factor-) α and increased the level of IL-10 (p<0.05). On the other hand, hydrostatin-SN10 treatment increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p<0.05). These results suggest that hydrostatin-SN10 may inhibit pancreatitis-induced acute lung injury by affecting IL-6-mediated JAK2/STAT3 pathway-associated inflammation and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals ISCHEMIA MODIFIED ALBUMIN LEVELS AND INCREASED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE MYELOMA / NIVOI ALBUMINA MODIFIKOVANOG ISHEMIJOM I POVI[ENI OKSIDANTNI STRES KOD PACIJENATA SA MULTIPLIM MIJELOMOM

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamit Yasar Ellidag ◽  
Esin Eren ◽  
Necat Yilmaz ◽  
Asli Bayindir
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ischemia Modified Albumin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Oxidant Status ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Summary Background: Impaired oxidative/antioxidative balance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of the novel marker ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and albumin adjusted-IMA (Adj-IMA) in patients with multi- ple myeloma (MM) as well as its association with total antiox- idant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI). Methods: Forty patients with MM (18 females, 22 males; mean age 67.55±8.39 years) and forty age/sex-matched healthy persons (19 females, 21 males; mean age 66.37 ± 6.76 years) were included in this study. Serum levels of IMA, TAS, TOS were analyzed and Adj-IMA and OSI was calcu- lated. Results: Serum IMA, TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher in patients with MM compared to controls (p<0.001 all parameters). There was no significant difference for serum albumin-adjusted IMA and TAS levels between groups (p=0.83 and p=0.17 respectively). Conclusions: In this study, an impaired oxidative/antioxidant status in favor of oxidative stress was found in MM patients. This observation was not confirmed by Adj-IMA calculation. Further studies are needed to establish the relationship of IMA and oxidative stress parameters in multiple myeloma and their relationship to MM and other cancers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effects ofVaccinium arctostaphylosL. Fruit Extract on Serum Lipids and hs-CRP Levels and Oxidative Stress in Adult Patients with Hyperlipidemia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasool Soltani ◽  
Mustafa Hakimi ◽  
Sedigheh Asgary ◽  
Syed Mustafa Ghanadian ◽  
Mahtab Keshvari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background.Dyslipidemia produces atherosclerosis, which in turn results in coronary artery disease (CAD). Atherosclerosis is being considered as an inflammatory disease.Vaccinium arctostaphylosL. is a plant with fruits rich in anthocyanins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of fruit extract of this plant on serum levels of lipids, hs-CRP, and malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of oxidative stress, in hyperlipidemic adult patients.Methods.In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 50 hyperlipidemic adult patients were randomly and equally assigned to receive either medicinal (V. arctostaphylosfruit extract) or placebo capsules twice daily for 4 weeks. Each medicinal capsule contained 45 ± 2 mg of anthocyanins. Fasting serum levels of total cholesterol, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, hs-CRP, and MDA were obtained before and after the intervention and compared.Results. V. arctostaphylosfruit extract significantly reduced total cholesterol (P<0.001), LDL-C (P=0.004), TG (P<0.001), and MDA (P=0.013) compared to placebo but did not have any significant effect on HDL-C (P=0.631) and hs-CRP (P=0.190).Conclusion.Fruit extract ofVaccinium arctostaphyloshas beneficial effects on serum lipid profile and oxidative stress in hyperlipidemic adult patients. Therefore, it could be considered as a supplement for treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of atherosclerosis development.

scholarly journals Protective effects of ethanolic extract of Alhagi maurorum roots on renal failure induced by acetaminophen in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Seham I AL-Nafea ◽  
Mohammed O Aljahdali
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Protective Actions ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The protective actions of ethanol Alhagi maurorum (AM) root ethanol extract on acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress and renal toxicity in mice was evaluated. Forty male SWR strain albino mice aged 8 weeks were grouped into five groups. G1 (n=5): as control. G2 (n=5): administered orally a single dose of acetaminophen (2000mg/kg). G3 (n=10) administrated orally 200 mg/kg of roots ethanol extract for one week then acetaminophen as G2 at 8th day and; G4 (n=10) administrated orally 400 mg/kg of roots ethanol extract for one week then acetaminophen as G2 at 8th day; G5 (n=10) administrated orally 600 mg/kg of roots ethanol extract for one week then acetaminophen as G2 at 8th day. At end of experiments, the mice were killed under anesthesia and blood samples were gathered to preform complete blood test (CBC), serum levels of urea and creatinine and oxidative stress biomarkers as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) using available Elisa mice kits. Kidneys were removed and histologically examined. Acetaminophen intake significantly elevated WBCs, neutrophils, monocytes, urea and creatinine levels and significantly decreased RBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit, GSH, SOD and CAT (P <0.05). Treatment with Alhagi maurorum roots extract especially high dose (600 mg/kg) resulted in decreased in WBCs, neutrophils, monocytes, urea and creatinine levels and significantly increased RBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit, GSH, SOD and CATversusacetaminophen group. Alhagi maurorum root extract treatment similarly decreased renal histological alteration induced by acetaminophen. This study can be utilized as prove of reading that Alhagi maurorum ethanol root extract especially high dose might be administered to prevent renal destruction induced by acetaminophen due to its antioxidant activity

scholarly journals Effect of 2-weeks Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Malondialdehyde and Catalase Serum Levels Following Moderate and Severe Acute Resistance Training in Inactive Female Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-269
Author(s):  
Yeganeh Feizi ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Afzalpur ◽  
Seyed-Hosein Abtahi-Eivary ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Aims Physical activity is usually accompanied by free radicals’ production and oxidative stress. Moreover, to prevent adverse effects, coaches and athletes have to use proper supplementation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term coenzyme Q10 supplementation on malondialdehyde and serum catalase enzyme activity following moderate and severe acute resistance training in inactive female students. Methods & Materials In total, 27 female students were randomly divided into three groups; the groups were homogeneous and equal (two groups of resistance training and one control group). The experimental groups were subjected to moderate-intensity acute (70% 1RM) acute and severe acute activity (85% 1RM) and supplemented with coenzyme Q10 (30 mg /d). CAT and MDA were measured in ELISA using a human kit. Findings Moderate and severe acute resistance activities did not alter MDA and catalytic activity (P>0.05); however, after 2 weeks of coenzyme Q10 supplementation, those resulted in a significant decrease in MDA (0.006 and 0.01, respectively) and CAT (0.04 and 0.007, respectively). There were no significant differences between the effects of two exercises (P>0.05). Conclusion Short-term (two weeks) supplementation of coenzyme Q10 and severe acute resistance activity could reduce two important oxidative stress indexes (MDA and CAT).

scholarly journals Tocotrienol Supplementation Led to Higher Serum Levels of Lysophospholipids but Lower Acylcarnitines in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chwan-Li Shen ◽  
Huanbiao Mo ◽  
Dale M. Dunn ◽  
Bruce A. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Phospholipid Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Osteoporosis is a major health problem in postmenopausal women. Herein we evaluated the effects of 12-week tocotrienols (TT) supplementation on serum metabolites in postmenopausal, osteopenic women. Eighty-nine participants (59.7 ± 6.8 yr, BMI 28.7 ± 5.7 kg/m2) were assigned to 3 treatments: placebo (860 mg olive oil/day), 300mg TT (300 mg TT/day), and 600mg TT (600 mg TT/day) for 12 weeks. TT consisted of 90% δ-TT and 10% γ-TT. In this metabolomic study, we evaluated the placebo and 600mgTT at baseline and 12 weeks. As expected, TT and its metabolite levels were higher in the supplemented group after 12 weeks. At baseline, there were no differences in demographic parameters or comprehensive metabolic panels (CMP). Metabolomics analysis of serum samples revealed that 48 biochemicals were higher and 65 were lower in the 600mg TT group at 12 weeks, compared to baseline. The results confirmed higher serum levels of tocotrienols and lysophospholipids, but lower acylcarnitines and catabolites of tryptophan and steroids in subjects given 600mg TT. In summary, 12-week TT supplementation altered many serum metabolite levels in postmenopausal women. The present study supports our previous findings that TT supplementation helps reduce bone loss in postmenopausal osteopenic women by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, the body incorporates TT which restructures biomembranes and modifies phospholipid metabolism, a response potentially linked to reduced inflammation and oxidative stress.

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