scholarly journals CONSEQUENCES OF LAND REFORM IN UKRAINE ON THE EXAMPLE OF GEORGIA AND MOLDOVA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (17) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
V. I. Selezniov ◽  
S. O. Yakubovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Land Reforms ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Land System ◽  
Further Development

The article is aimed at investigating the expediency of land reform in Ukraine. The process and consequences of land reforms in Georgia and Moldova are considered. The indicators of development of the agricultural sector and the degree of involvement of the population in it are revealed. The world experience of land distribution was analysed. The most effective strategy of land reform development by analysing the research in the dependence of efficiency of land plots utilization on the size of households that cultivate them was revealed. The efficiency of agroholdings and family farms is compared. Determined trends in the distribution and size of plots in developed countries. Analysed the gradual adoption of decisions in the development of land reform and their effects on the success of such reform in Georgia and Moldova.           The current decisions of the Ukrainian government on the way to reforming land distribution and use of land resources are considered. Parallels of the current Ukrainian land reform based on the experience of Moldova and Georgia are identified. The assumption of success and expediency of the decisions taken, which could potentially come into force when the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine discusses the format of the land reform, was put forward. Analysed the further development of the land sector according to the gradual entry into force of the adopted legislation. The issues of expediency of opening the land market to foreigners were considered. Penetrated the experience of international partners and countries already decided on the admission or non-admission of foreign contractors to the national land market. The degree of development of accounting and inventory of existing land plots and completeness of filling the land cadastre of the three countries under study was determined.           The research method was the analysis of the current land system of Georgia and Moldova by studying articles on the dynamics of changes in local legislation. The main economic indicators that may indicate the degree of success of the reforms in these countries are considered. Due to such indicators, a detailed analysis of the latest changes in the legislation of Ukraine predicted and assessed the feasibility of the reforms.

scholarly journals Induced Agricultural Production Organizations under the Transition of Rural Land Market: Evidence from China

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 881
Author(s):  
Da Fang ◽  
Yan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Land System ◽  
The Impact

This paper focuses on the impact of a new rural land reform, the Separation of Three Rights Reform, on changes in China’s agricultural production organizations. We illustrate the impact of market and nonmarket mechanisms on allocating agricultural production factors under the new rural land market transition through a land system and factor allocation model. Based on the expansion paths of different types of factors in the model, we classify the development of Chinese agricultural production entities into “extensional expansion,” “labor-intensive expansion,” “land-intensive expansion,” and “exit of agricultural production.” These agricultural production paths correspond to agricultural enterprises, family farms, agricultural cooperatives, and small farmers’ exit. Further, empirical and economic geography analysis results show that the interaction of market and nonmarket mechanisms is the main drive that induces the current diversified organizations in rural China. Thus, this paper provides a comprehensive explanation of changing patterns of an agricultural production organization under the transition of the rural land market.

scholarly journals Features of the organization of agroclusters in the structure of land management projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Abdugani Mukumov ◽  
Komil Xujakeldiev ◽  
Fayzullo Xamidov ◽  
Sharafatdin Narbaev ◽  
Khudoyberdi Abdivaitov
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Organization Of Production ◽  
Scientific Achievements

The features of the organization of production units agroclusters, which are one of the components of land management projects which aimed at organizing the rational and efficient use of available land resources are described in this article. The term “cluster” is a French word that means “bundle”, “collection” in Uzbek. It can be taken as “the geographical proximity of enterprises and institutions cooperating with each other in a particular field”. The development of value-added production in the agricultural sector and the development of this market requires ensuring product quality standards, full use of scientific and scientific achievements in the processing process, development of existing research institutes and using the potential of geographical location. In our view, the solution of this problem can be found in the agricultural production system through the organization of cluster production, which is used by developed countries in America, Europe and Asia.

scholarly journals PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES OF THE REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF LAND MARKET FORMATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Dmytro Nemish ◽  
Mariana Humeniuk ◽  
Ivan Balaniuk ◽  
Diana Shelenko
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Reform Implementation ◽  
Market Formation ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Logical Method

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to reveal the prospects for the development of small agricultural enterprises in view of the transformation processes taking place in the context of land market formation. Methodology of research. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study were legislative and other regulations, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on issues related to the functioning of the land market and the development of small enterprises in the agricultural sector. The following general scientific and special methods were used to achieve this goal: abstract and logical method in the formation of theoretical generalizations, assumptions, conclusions; analysis and synthesis in assessing the development of small agricultural entrepreneurship and the functioning of the land market; comparative analysis to compare economic indicators in time and space; graphic method with a visual reflection of the dynamics and structural changes in the distribution of land by ownership. Findings. The research is devoted to a topical issue concerning the prospects for the development of small agricultural enterprises in the context of land market formation. The article pays special attention to aspects of land reform implementation The social and economic preconditions of transformation of the structure of the land fund by forms of ownership are considered. The main restraining factors of agricultural land market development are highlighted. Measures of state support of small agricultural enterprises in the process of land purchase are revealed. The level of efficiency of the land market since its launch is shown. The main positive aspects and problems related to the formation of the land market are presented. The foreign experience of the influence of the land market functioning on the development of small agricultural enterprises is studied. Originality. The substantiation of the dependence of the development of small agrarian entrepreneurship on the level of development of the land market is deepened. Practical value. The implementation of the developed proposals will allow to intensify the development of small agricultural enterprises in the conditions of the land market functioning. It is established that with the support of the state, small agricultural enterprises will receive obvious advantages of development. Key words: small agrarian enterprise, land market, land, land relations, region, land reform.

scholarly journals Conceptual Bases of the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Agricultural Business in the Conditions of Land Reform Implementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Movchaniuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Agricultural Business

Abstract. Introduction. The structural land relations restructuring in the countryside, which in the process of land reform and collective agricultural enterprises reform during the 90s of the 20th century, was the spur for the formation and development of lease land relations in agricultural production. Despite the world’s highest level of land resources involvement in economic circulation, high soil fertility, diversity of land and resource potential, it was not possible during the Ukraine’s independence period to realize the main task of land reform, that is the transfer of land in possession of effective landowners and transforming these lands into a key determinant of economic growth. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the formation and development of organizational and legal forms of management in agricultural production in the context of land reform in Ukraine. Results. Land resources play a leading role in Ukraine’s economy as they are a working tool for the production programs implementation for the formation of food and raw materials for the processing industry. At the same time, the incompleteness of agrarian reform, limited market operations with agricultural land, lack of a consistent state policy on land use, disposal and ownership impedes investment into the agricultural sector, causing negative socio-economic consequences of the rural economy. Ukraine’s desire to restructure land relations in agriculture and to develop them in accordance with world standards, objectively led to the formation of an adequate system of land relations, primarily focused on the formation of a full-time land owner like of small and medium-sized agricultural business. Conclusions. The study of land relations development in Ukraine substantiates that the economy agricultural sector reform involves the transformation of land relations to a market type, the final stage of which should be the formation of the agricultural land market and the provision of the right to dispose of these lands to land owners. The results of the conducted studies showed that the objective need to significantly improve the state mechanism of support for small and medium enterprises in agribusiness, given, first of all, its actual absence and less competitiveness of this group of enterprises compared to large agricultural holdings.

scholarly journals Prospects for the market turnover of agricultural land in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykola Koroteyev ◽  
Iryna Korman ◽  
Olena Manziy ◽  
Olha Semenda ◽  
Olena Semenda
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Land Market ◽  
The Political ◽  
Private Ownership ◽  
Current State ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
The Right

The problems of organizing the functioning of the land market in Ukraine remain unregulated. Gradually, they have moved from the economic plane to the political one, thereby exacerbating social tensions in the society. The current state of land relations requires immediate reforms in terms of granting the right to almost 7 million citizens to dispose of their property. Therefore, the issue of completion of land reform and the introduction of agricultural land market is a responsible step for the state and provides for the development of a set of measures based on the forecast of socio-economic consequences for the whole society. This step may be related to the transfer of land to private ownership, formation of a multi-sectoral economy on the basis of ensuring equal development of various forms of management, ensuring conditions for the efficient and rational use of land. The authors emphasize that the draft laws on land turnover submitted for discussion do not specify the issue of transparency of the possible introduction of a free land market and contradict each other. They do not take into account the international experience of developed countries.

scholarly journals SPECIFIC FEATURES OF REGULATING AGRICULTURAL LAND MARKET

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
L.V. Moldavan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Land Reforms ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Market Management

Based on the analysis of land reforms that have taken place in world practice over the past century, the author proves that the market turnover of agricultural land is formed under the influence of two determined factors. On the one hand, it is the specific features of agricultural land, which is an indispensable strategic resource for food producers, is limited in space, irreproducible and cannot be a product in its classical meaning. On the other hand, land is the basis of agricultural production. However, agriculture performs not only an economic function, but also a social (national food independence, rural employment, population of rural settlements, and arrangement of rural areas) and environmental functions (protecting soils from pollution and degradation, supporting local agrolandscapes, etc.). In this context, the need for specific approaches to the market distribution of agricultural land is justified. Author analyzes foreign practice of the legislative regulation of agricultural land turnover with due regard to their economic and socio-ecological orientation. Also revealed are the consequences of the incompleteness of land reform in Ukraine, which are caused by the lack of definition of the requirements for land users, restrictions on land use, access to agricultural land for foreign companies, land market management and other aspects of land relations, and ways are proposed to address them.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF LAND-MORTGAGE LOANING IN THE INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT OF THE AGRICULTURAL LAND MARKET

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Oleksii Shkuratov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Mortgage Lending ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Securities Markets ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction ◽  
Market Infrastructure

Introduction. The functioning of the agricultural land market under the existing institutional restrictions hinders the development of one of the most common mechanisms for investment support of the agricultural sector of the economy, namely land mortgage lending. However, the lifting of the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land should serve as an impetus for the development of land mortgage lending, as a tool for transforming land resources into financial assets. Methods. The study is formed based on the use of calculation and constructive, experimental, abstract and logical methods, data from the legislative and statistical base, as well as the study of scientific approaches to the development of land mortgage lending in agriculture. Results. The world experience in land mortgage lending is analyzed, which is based on two main models of its functioning system: single-level (mortgage provider ↔ land mortgage bank) and two-level (mortgage provider ↔ bank ↔ land mortgage agency). The role of land mortgage lending in infrastructure support of the agricultural land market is substantiated. The mechanism of interaction of land, financial and credit and stock markets in the system of land mortgage lending for agriculture. The toolkit for refinancing and securitization of mortgage assets in the land-mortgage lending system of agriculture is substantiated. Discussion. Implementation of recommendations on refinancing and securitization of mortgage pools in the securities markets, as components of the financial subsystem of the agricultural land market infrastructure, will ensure the accelerated development of land mortgage lending in Ukraine’s agriculture. Keywords: mortgage, land mortgage lending, agricultural land, market, infrastructure.

scholarly journals The Politics of Land Law: Poverty and Land Legislation in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
S M Masum Billah
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Land Law ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Land System ◽  
Land Tenure System ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
Reform Model

<p>This thesis examines the major colonial and post-colonial land laws of Bangladesh and their relationship with poverty. It interprets them in the light of historical developments and social realities. The thesis argues that land laws in Bangladesh are essentially anti-poor. They contribute to the perpetuation of poverty.  At present, two-thirds of the poor in Bangladesh are land-related poor. The land system that prevailed in colonial Bengal during the British period deprived the peasants of their land rights. This situation demanded a radical land reform based on a distributive approach upon decolonisation in 1947. Unfortunately, in the post-colonial political and legal settings of Bangladesh, land distribution has been unequal. Such inequality coupled with a weak land tenure system and fragile institutional reform created widespread poverty.  The Bangladeshi land laws are complex and vague and dominated by politics. Its land law regime has structural loopholes and ideological drawbacks, which are enough to make reform attempts dysfunctional.  Poverty in Bangladesh is a result of cumulative and mutually reinforcing deprivations. Land law is a major participant in it. Poverty will persist unless law addresses the true reasons of the poverty and a pro-poor approach to land reform is pursued.  The gap between “law” and “land” is exposed and a distributive land law reform model is proposed.</p>

scholarly journals The Politics of Land Law: Poverty and Land Legislation in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
S M Masum Billah
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Land Law ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Land System ◽  
Land Tenure System ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
Reform Model

<p>This thesis examines the major colonial and post-colonial land laws of Bangladesh and their relationship with poverty. It interprets them in the light of historical developments and social realities. The thesis argues that land laws in Bangladesh are essentially anti-poor. They contribute to the perpetuation of poverty.  At present, two-thirds of the poor in Bangladesh are land-related poor. The land system that prevailed in colonial Bengal during the British period deprived the peasants of their land rights. This situation demanded a radical land reform based on a distributive approach upon decolonisation in 1947. Unfortunately, in the post-colonial political and legal settings of Bangladesh, land distribution has been unequal. Such inequality coupled with a weak land tenure system and fragile institutional reform created widespread poverty.  The Bangladeshi land laws are complex and vague and dominated by politics. Its land law regime has structural loopholes and ideological drawbacks, which are enough to make reform attempts dysfunctional.  Poverty in Bangladesh is a result of cumulative and mutually reinforcing deprivations. Land law is a major participant in it. Poverty will persist unless law addresses the true reasons of the poverty and a pro-poor approach to land reform is pursued.  The gap between “law” and “land” is exposed and a distributive land law reform model is proposed.</p>

REFORMING LAND RELATIONS IN AGRICULTURE: A REGIONAL ASPECT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
N. V. EREMENKO ◽  
◽  
Yu. V. LABOVSKAYA ◽  
I. F. DEDYUKHINA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Modern Management ◽  
Regional Aspect ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the impact of land reform on modern management practices in the agricultural sector through a change in the foundations of land relations, ensuring an acceptable efficiency in the use of land resources.

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