scholarly journals Training of basic laparoscopic skills in surgical education

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
Gintaras Simutis ◽  
Mantas Drungilas ◽  
Pavel Petrik ◽  
Eglė Petrik ◽  
Virgilijus Beiša ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Education ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Laparoscopic Skills ◽  
Cumulative Score ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Navigation Experience ◽  
Laparoscopic Experience ◽  
Potential Use

Background / objectiveThe study was carried out to evaluate the potential use of laparoscopic simulators to enhance basic laparoscopic skills until proficiency is reached.Materials and methodsThe study participants were divided into two groups according to their experience in laparoscopic procedures: no prior experience (group A; n = 16) and laparoscope navigation experience (group B; n = 16). All the participants performed nineattempts of three basic laparoscopic skill tasks (“Instrument navigation”, “Cutting”, “Clip applying”) on the LapSim® simulator during three sessions within one month. The distribution of practice sessions was standardized by performing three attemptsfor each task per session and no more than one session per week. The assessment of laparoscopic skills was based on the cumulative score for each task measured by the computer system.ResultsTrainees in the group A were younger (22.2 ± 1.3 vs. 26.1 ± 1.3 years, P < 0.001). There were statistically significant differences in cumulative scores for all three tasks after the first five attempts between the two groups (P < 0.001). Comparison of thecumulative scores for the task “Instrument navigation” after the sixth attempt (P = 0.073), for the task “Clip applying” after the seventh attempt (P = 0.287), and for the task “Cutting” after the eighth attempt (P = 0.080) showed no significant differences among the study groups.ConclusionsThe results indicated that a group of trainees with no prior laparoscopic experience acquired the basic laparoscopic skills significantly faster. Proficiency in the laparoscopic basic tasks was achieved within 6–8 repetitions in both groups. These findings suggest that training of practical skills in using laparoscopic simulators should be integrated into medical education much earlier.Key words: surgical education, simulation, laparoscopy, virtual reality simulator, LapSimBazinių laparoskopinių įgūdžių įgijimas studijuojant mediciną TikslasAtlikti tyrimą, siekiant įvertinti kompiuterinių laparoskopinių simuliatorių naudojimą medicinos studijoms mokant pagrindinių laparoskopinių operacijų įgūdžių, kol bus įgyta reikiama patirtis.MetodikaTyrimo dalyviai pagal patirtį buvo suskirstyti į dvi grupes: vienos grupės tiriamieji neturėjo jokios išankstinės laparoskopinių operacijų patirties (A grupė, n=16), o kitos grupės turėjo tik navigacijos laparoskopu patirties (B grupė, n=16). Visi dalyviai pertrejas pratybas su laparoskopiniu virtualiu simuliatoriumi LapSim® atliko trijų pagrindinių laparoskopinių užduočių („Instrumentų navigacija“, „Pjovimas“, „Kabučių uždėjimas“) devynis bandymus. Kiekvieną užsiėmimą atskira užduotis buvo kartojamatris kartus, o užsiėmimas vyko ne dažniau nei kartą per savaitę. Vertintas galutinis užduoties rezultatas. Laparoskopinių operacijų įgūdžiai vertinti kompiuterine sistema pagal išvestinį kaupiamąjį kiekvienos užduoties balą.RezultataiA grupės dalyviai buvo jaunesni (22,2±1,3 vs. 26,1±1,3 metų, p<0,001). Išanalizavus visų trijų užduočių kaupiamuosius balus po pirmųjų penkių bandymų, abi grupės skyrėsi statistiškai reikšmingai (p<0,001). Tyrimą tęsiant ir lyginant išvestinį kaupiamąjįbalą atliekant užduotį „Instrumentų navigacija“ po šešto bandymo (p=0,073), užduotį „Kabučių uždėjimas“ po septinto bandymo (p=0,287), užduotį „Pjovimas“ po aštunto bandymo (p = 0,080), jokių reikšmingų skirtumų tarp tiriamų grupių nerasta.IšvadosTyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad net be laparoskopinių operacijų patirties tokių operacijų pagrindinius įgūdžius laparoskopiniu simuliatoriumi įgyjama greičiau. Chirurginės simuliacijos užduočių kartojimas iki 6–8 bandymų leidžia įgyti gerus pagrindiniųlaparoskopinių operacijų įgūdžius. Šie rezultatai rodo, kad praktinių įgūdžių mokymas naudojant laparoskopinį simuliatorių turėtų būti įtrauktas į medicinos studijų programą.Reikšminiai žodžiai: chirurgijos studijos, simuliacija, laparoskopija, virtualios realybės simuliatorius, LapSim.

scholarly journals Association between schizophrenia and periodontal disease in relation to cortisol levels: an ELISA-based descriptive analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bariah Fahad Albahli ◽  
Najd Mohammed Alrasheed ◽  
Raghad Saleh Alabdulrazaq ◽  
Dhafer S. Alasmari ◽  
Muzammil Moin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Schizophrenic Group ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Shared Risk

Abstract Background Schizophrenia is a chronic psychosis marked by multiple bioenvironmental and immunological dysregulation with its intricate role in etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease remaining unclear. Hence, the aim of this study is to determine the association between periodontal disease and schizophrenia in relation with cortisol levels. Methods The study is in descriptive design comprised of 40 subjects randomly selected (20 schizophrenic patients as Group A and 20 healthy volunteers as group B). All the study participants underwent complete periodontal examination including scoring of gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), Probing depths (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Salivary cortisol levels are estimated using ELISA. Link between schizophrenia and periodontal disease is described in relation to cortisol levels with elimination of other shared risk factors, such as tobacco smoking and xerostomia. Results Significant higher values of periodontal parameters are observed in Group A with schizophrenic patients (GI 2.467 ± 0.528; PI 2.402 ± 0.526; PD 2.854 ± 0.865; CAL 1.726 ± 3.096) than Group B with healthy subjects (GI 0.355 ± 0.561; PI 0.475 ± 0.678; PD 1.493 ± 0.744; CAL 0.108 ± 0.254). However, cortisol levels are lower in schizophrenic group (0.190 ± 0.059) than non-schizophrenic group (0.590 ± 0.228) ruling out the possible role of cortisol in periodontal disease severity associated with schizophrenic patients. Conclusion Findings of this study, provides ground evidence for consideration of schizophrenia as a risk factor for periodontitis and demands greater emphasis on management of schizophrenic patients in dental setting similar to other comorbid disorders such as diabetes mellitus and also incorporating periodontal care measures in the clinical guidelines for schizophrenia management.

scholarly journals Clinical and demographic profile of paediatric patients presenting with acute diarrhea

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1043
Author(s):  
Apurva C. Shah ◽  
Devendra Sareen ◽  
Dileep Kumar Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
Male Preponderance ◽  
Group A ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Diarrhea is a public health problem globally, being the 2nd leading cause of death in children under 5 years. Dehydration as well as malnutrition are also serious consequences of diarrhea. This study was carried out with an aim to focus on the clinical and demographic profile of diarrheal patients of pediatric age.Methods: Infants and children aged 6 months to 5 years were analysed for age and gender distribution, chief complaints, feeding practices, nutritional status and assessment of dehydration; from January 2018 to June 2019 in the Department of Pediatrics of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital.Results: Total 150 patients were analysed. Almost 50.67% group A and 41.34% group B patients belonged to toddlerhood. Male preponderance was also noted. Along with diarrhea, vomiting was noted in 22 group A and 21 group B and fever in 19 group A and 29 group B patients. Approximately 41-45% patients had no malnutrition and 55-60% had no dehydration in both the study groups.Conclusions: There is lack of awareness regarding dog bite and its management among the rural people fever and vomiting were most frequently associated with diarrhea. A little less than half of the study participants had some-dehydration. Nearly half of the patients belonged to toddler age group. Majority of the patients were exclusively breast-fed for six months.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Topical Calcipotriol Plus Betamethasone Dipropionate Versus Topical Betamethasone Dipropionate Alone in Mild to Moderate Psoriasis

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
M. Sindhuja ◽  
N. S. Muthiah
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptors ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Betamethasone Dipropionate ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Pasi Score ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Participants

Psoriasis is one of the prototypic papulosquamous skin diseases characterized by erythematous papules or plaques. This disease is chronic in nature with a tendency to relapse. Betamethasone dipropionate binds to specific intracellular glucocorticoid receptors and subsequently binds to DNA to modify gene expression. The study duration was 6 weeks. A total of 60 study participants of both sexes diagnosed with mild to moderate psoriasis were included in the study. They were randomized into two groups. Group A – topical calcipotriol plus betamethasone treatment group consisting of 30 patients and Group B – topical betamethasone alone also consisting of 30 patients and a total of 28 patients in topical calcipotriol plus betamethasone treatment group and 28 patients in topical betamethasone group completed the study. A total of 98 patients were screened for this study, out of which 38 patients were excluded where 11 patients refused to participate and 27 patients didn’t meet the inclusion criteria of our study. These results shows that there is statistically significant percentage reduction in PASI score after 2 weeks (p=0.01) and 4weeks (p<0.001) of treatment in both groups. As a conclusion, the combination therapy of topical calcipotriol plus betamethasone provided a promising strategy for the treatment of mild to moderate psoriasis.

Soil-associated lichens in rangelands of north-eastern Patagonia. Lichen groups and species with potential as bioindicators of grazing disturbance

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 405-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora C. SCUTARI ◽  
Mónica B. BERTILLER ◽  
Analía L. CARRERA
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Group A ◽  
Terricolous Lichens ◽  
Grazing Disturbance ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Potential Use

Soil-associated lichen species characteristic of north-eastern Patagonia are classified by cluster analysis into six groups using ecological and morphological characters. The constancy of species, the total number of species, the number of species per crust and the relative frequency of species are analysed at sites with different grazing levels: three non-grazed, three regulary grazed, and three heavily grazed. Using the results, the potential use of lichen groups as bioindicators of rangeland conservation and degradation are explored. Species of three lichen groups (group A: lichens growing on calcareous gravels; group C: terricolous lichens with pale, crustose non-areolate thalli; group F: terricolous lichens with pale, areolate thalli) are identified as sensitive to grazing, and most of the species forming these groups are suggested as potential bioindicators of grazing disturbance. Thus, Rinodina bischoffii, Caloplaca holocarpa, Catillaria lenticularis, Acarospora heppii (group A); Lecanora dispersa and Rinodina mucronatula (group C); and Psora decipiens (group F) are the species most sensitive to grazing disturbance. Conversely, species of group D (terricolous lichens with dark, foliose thallus: Collema coccophorum), and group B (lichens growing on siliceous gravels: Aspicilia contorta) may be indicated as the most resistant to grazing disturbance.

Is laparoscopic experience helpful in simulator based robotic training in general surgery?

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahriyar Ghazanfar ◽  
Sajida Qureshi ◽  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
Yumnah Safdar ◽  
Aftab Ahmed Leghari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Robotic Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Robotic Training ◽  
Laparoscopic Skills ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Robotic Skills ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Individual

Objective: To evaluate whether or not prior laparoscopic training improves performance during robotic surgery utilising DaVinci robotic skills simulator. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Civil Hospital, Karachi, from May 4 to November 11, 2018, and comprised first year residents in Group A with no laparoscopic skills and fourth year residents doing laparoscopic cholecystectomy independently and surgical faculty members in Group B who had laparoscopic skills. Both the groups had no previous exposure to robotic surgery and skills simulator. There were 4 exercises which were repeated three times by each participant. Scoring was done using the the DaVinci robotic skills simulator software. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 30 surgeons, there were 15(50%) in Group A with a mean age of 26±0.56 years, and 15(50%) in Group B with a mean age of 32 years± 9.16 (p<0.001). The overall mean age was 32±9.16 years (range: 25-52 years). There were 19(63.3) females in the sample compared to 11(36.6%) males. Mean scores of Ring walk 2, Peg board 2, and Suture sponge 3 were better in Group A, while mean score of Matchboard 2 was better in Group although B (p>0.05). Group B fared better in the individual scoring of Suture sponge 2 (p>0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic skills apparently did not confer any benefit while performing exercises on the DaVinci skills simulator. Key Words: DaVinci Si, DaVinci skills simulator, dVSSS, Robotic surgery curriculum, Robotic surgery simulation. Continuous...

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF SALVADORA PERSICA CHEWING STICK AND MANUAL TOOTH BRUSH FOR EFFICACY OF PLAQUE REMOVAL: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Madiha Riasat ◽  
Sohaib Hassan ◽  
Afaq Farooq ◽  
Khaula Gul ◽  
Kamran Aslam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Respective Group ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Plaque Removal ◽  
Baseline Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Participants

Objective: To clinically evaluate the efficacy of chewing stick as alternative to tooth brushing for plaque removal in subject with clinically healthy gingival status. Material and methods: This randomized trial was conducted on a total of 80 participants, randomly allocated into two groups of 40 each at Department of Periodontology, Sardar Begum Dental College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan. Group A were guided to use toothbrush, while group B was miswak users. Both groups were advised to use the respective group technique twice daily for four weeks. Pre and Post intervention examinations were planned by using Modified Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (QHPI), which measures the plaque levels. Data was recorded on the first day (baseline) and after 4 weeks. Obtained data was analyzed using SPSS v.24.0 Results: Mean age of the study participants was 25.54±6.004 years. Plaque was measured using QHPI, at baseline group A presented mean of 5.001±1.50, while group B had mean of 4.923±0.63 (p=<0.001), while after 4 weeks, group A showed mean of 2.52±7.82, while mean of group B was 1.37±0.427 (p=<0.001) with more evident decrease in Miswak group. Conclusion: It was concluded that Salvadora Persica chewing stick was comparatively better anti plaque agent as compared to tooth brushes in this specific study.

scholarly journals Job Satisfaction and Evidence of Burnout Comparing Arab and Non-Arab Urologists with a Migration Background Working in German Hospitals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias May ◽  
Mohammad Shaar
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Shortage Of Physicians ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background In German hospitals, severe shortage of physicians can currently be partially compensated by hiring foreign physicians. Results on job satisfaction (JS) and physician burnout (PBO) in this important occupational group are currently not available. Methods The cross-sectional “Assessment of their urological work environment by foreign clinicians in Germany (EUTAKD)” study was conducted in 2020 using a 101-item questionnaire among physicians working in German urological departments who were born in a country outside Germany and having non-German citizenship. This study compared JS and the occurrence of PBO between Arab (group A, n = 57) and non-Arab (group B, n = 39) participants. Results Significant group differences with advantages for group B were analyzed in overall JS and also in other JS items. High scores in the PBO dimensions, that is, “emotional exhaustion” and “depersonalization,” were shown by 27.9 and 51.5% of the study participants, respectively, although there were no group differences found (p = 0.972 and 0.237, respectively). Conclusion Prospective longitudinal studies of appropriate intervention measures aimed at increasing JS and decreasing PBO are needed.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Exposure to Virtual Learning before Cadaveric Dissection to Study Anatomy for Students in Health Sciences at DMIMSU Wardha, Maharashtra

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Darshna Fulmali ◽  
Preeti P. Thute ◽  
Harsha Atul Keche ◽  
Vilas K. Chimurkar
Keyword(s):  
Test Score ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Virtual Learning ◽  
Cadaveric Dissection ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Virtual Dissection ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Anatomage dissection table offers detailed and interactive anatomical images which complement the anatomy textbook and the cadaveric studies. In this regard, the study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of exposure to virtual learning on the Anatomage table before cadaveric dissection and to assess the perception of students about the virtual dissection. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 first phase medical students  from Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Science, Sawangi, Meghe, Wardha. Study participants were divided into two groups, group A and group B. Group A performed dissection of the triangle of the neck on the Anatomage table before performing the traditional dissection of the same region while group B performed traditional only. Pre and post-tests were conducted for both group participants using a pre-validated questionnaire. 5 point Likert scale was used for obtaining feedback from study participants. The student's t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Observation Post-test score in group A, exposed to virtual dissection prior to cadaveric dissection was 9.18 (Std = 0.84) as compared to the post-test score of 7.11 (Std = 7.01) in group A which was not exposed to the virtual dissection table. 144 (72 %) of students agreed that virtual dissection helps in better understanding of the complex relation of structure with each other and 152 (76 %) students feel that prior exposure to virtual dissection develops an interest in cadaveric dissection.  Conclusions: Exposure to virtual dissection before cadaveric dissection was very effective way to learn anatomy for students of first MBBS as students were used to enjoy learning anatomy when virtual dissection was complemented with used before real cadaveric dissection.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SINGLE-DOSE PREGABALIN ON POSTOPERATIVE PAIN IN DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY SURGERY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1553-58
Author(s):  
Sana Abbas ◽  
Saquib Naeem ◽  
Amjad Akram ◽  
Beenish Abbas ◽  
Rashid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Opioid Administration ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Participants

Objective: To evaluate the analgesic potential of pregabalin in ambulatory dacryocystorhinostomy surgeries under general anaesthesia. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Tertiary Care Hospital Rawalpindi, from Nov 2019 to Sep 2020. Methodology: A total of 110 patients undergoing ambulatory dacryocystorhinostomy surgery at our hospital were included in the study. Participants were divided into two groups, group A (n=55) were administered 150 mg oral pregabalin, while a placebo was given to participants of group B (n=55). Post-operative pain was assessed at recovery, four and eight hours after surgery with the help of the visual analogue scale. Results: Mean age of participants was 43.05 ± 7.5 years. Gender wise distribution showed 62 (56.4%) males and 48 (43.6%) females. At recovery, four and eight hours after surgery the mean pain scores in group A (pregabalin) vs group B (placebo) were (2.98 ± 0.8 vs 4.98 ± 0.8, p<0.001, 2.67 ± 0.6 vs 5.02 ± 0.8, p<0.001 and 1.49 ± 2.9 vs 2.95 ± 0.8, p<0.001 respectively). Opioid administration frequency in trial versus placebo group was [11 (20%) vs 32 (58.2%), p<0.001]. Conclusion: Pregabalin has analgesic potential moreover decreased postoperative consumption of opioids and associated adverse effects such as nausea and vomiting. Hence making it a suitable agent for pain relief in ambulatory surgeries.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Novel Blue-Colored Ophthalmic Viscoelastic Device Applied during Phacoemulsification in Eyes with Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Andreas F. Borkenstein ◽  
Eva-Maria Borkenstein
Keyword(s):  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome ◽  
Surgical Workflow ◽  
New Development ◽  
Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Participants

Recently, a new development in the field of ophthalmic viscoelastic devices (OVDs) has been introduced. The blue-colored OVD Pe-Ha-Blue® PLUS combines the viscoelastic properties of OVD together with trypan blue for better visualization during surgery. The objective of this case series is to investigate whether the use of a blue-colored OVD during cataract surgery in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF) and narrow pupils (miosis) has advantages over the use of a clear standard OVD in combination with trypan blue. We included 52 eyes of 52 consecutive cataract patients diagnosed with PXF. Study participants were divided into two groups of 26 patients each, depending on which OVD was used during surgery (group A: blue-colored OVD; group B: standard clear OVD). Intraoperatively, we evaluated the operation time (surgery start to the beginning of phacoemulsification) and the surgeon’s satisfaction with the surgical workflow. Postoperative examinations were performed 6 h, 20 h, and 4 weeks after surgery and included corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) and intraocular pressure (IOP). Our results show that there was a statistically significant time gain in group A in terms of surgery time. In addition, findings on surgeon satisfaction, postoperative CDVA and IOP suggest further benefits in group A. We discuss further properties and possible advantages which may result from the use of a blue-colored OVD. In summary, a blue-colored viscoelastic device can be a helpful alternative to clear OVD especially in challenging cases to improve the surgical workflow and make the whole procedure even safer and faster.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document