Stroke in patients with COVID-19 diagnosis in a Public National Hospital

Infection by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causes a multisystemic disorder, being the main manifestations in the respiratory system. However, neurological manifestations have been reported showing an increased incidence of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. A retrospective study (January, February and March 2021), in the database of “Hospital Nacional El Salvador” in order to detect and describe the findings in admitted patients who required Brain Computed Tomography (CT) scan due to Acute Neurological manifestations during their hospitalization. Objective: To describe de incidence of stroke in COVID-19 patient admitted to Hospital El Salvador compare to El Salvador population. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study in January, February and March 2021 at “Hospital Nacional El Salvador” designated as COVID Hospital to face the Pandemic. The epidemiological data, images, and reports from the Radiology Department of all patients admitted to the hospital were obtained via the electronic database “Patient Care Integral System” (“Sistema Integral de Atención al Paciente” - SIAP). The following definitions were stablished: 1. Normal CT, 2. Abnormal CT; highlighting the presence of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. The Study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: During the period studied, a total of 3,632 patients with clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 were registered. CT scan was required for 87 (2.4%) patients, of whom 74 (2.04%) presented some type of abnormality; 20 (27.02%) of the abnormal CT scans had findings corresponding to a stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic); this represents an incidence of 0.55% of the total patients assisted in this period. The age-adjusted global mortality rate from cerebrovascular diseases (2014, updated 2018) is 25.2 per 100,000 inhabitants; our finding would indicate an increase in the expected rate of stroke compared to general population. Conclusion: Coinciding with other reports, we found that the disease COVID-19 has a higher incidence of stroke in hospitalized patients older than 60 years.

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Accuracy of Siriraj stroke scale in the diagnosis of stroke subtypes among stroke patients

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20170666 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 1084

Author(s):

Abhilash Somasundaran ◽

Hashik Mohammed ◽

Jayaraj Kezhukatt ◽

Alvin Treasa George ◽

S. Narayanan Potty

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Stroke Subtype ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tertiary Centre ◽

Low Sensitivity

Background: Early detection of intracranial blood is essential for the rational use of anti hemostatic drugs in stroke patients. CT scan is quite expensive as well as it is not easily available especially in the rural areas. Clinical stroke scores were developed to overcome these limitations. Aim of present study is to identify the stroke subtype using Siriraj stroke scoring and thus asses its accuracy by comparing with CT scan reports.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary centre that evaluated 464 patients admitted with a diagnosis of stroke. Siriraj Stroke score was calculated for each patient and a CT scan of brain was also taken. The results of diagnosis made by Siriraj stroke scoring were compiled and compared with the diagnosis obtained by CT Scan.Results: Of the total 464 patients, the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke was 27.8% and ischemic stroke was 72.2%, as per the CT scan reports, while the Siriraj stroke score diagnosed 16.8% patients to have hemorrhagic stroke and 74.6% to have ischemic stroke and no definite diagnosis was made in rest of the patients (8.6%). The sensitivity of the scoring was found to be 59.2% in diagnosing hemorrhagic stroke and 95.5% in ischemic stroke.Conclusions: Our study has shown that siriraj stroke scoring has a high degree of accuracy in detecting both types of strokes, with roughly 80% of both hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes being correctly identified. However there is a low sensitivity in diagnosing hemorrhagic strokes and higher sensitivity in diagnosing ischemic strokes.

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Hubungan Tekanan Darah dengan Volume Pendarahan Intraserebral pada Pasien Stroke Hemoragik di Ruang Rawat Inap Saraf Rumkital Dr Ramelan Surabaya

Hang Tuah Medical journal ◽

10.30649/htmj.v16i2.176 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 135

Author(s):

KENNY YULIAN ◽

OLIVIA MAHARDANI ADAM ◽

LESTARI DEWI

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Intracerebral Haemorrhage ◽

Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽

Haemorrhagic Stroke ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Brain

ABSTRACTBackground. Hemorrhagic stroke is a spontaneous bleeding in the brain that is usually life threatening. The most common risk factor of hemorrhagic stroke is hypertension. Hypertension can cause change in the structure of the artery wall which can cause the blood vessels near the brain to rupture easily. Purpose. To analyze the correlation between blood pressure and intracerebral haemorrhage volume in hemorrhagic stroke patients in Dr. Ramelan Navy Hospital neurologic ward. Method. This research is using a cross sectional study design. This study is done using primary data collection, using the head CT Scan result to measure the patient’s intracerebral hemorrhage volume and patient’s ER admission data for the blood pressure. Results. The study is performed to 26 haemorrhagic stroke patients who fits the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Correlation test shows no correlation between blood pressure and intracerebral haemorrhage volume in haemorrhagic stroke patients in Dr. Ramelan Navy Hospital neurologic ward, with significance (p) value of 0.888 > α (0.05). Conclusion. There is no correlation between blood pressure and intracerebral haemorrhage volume in haemorrhagic stroke patients in Dr. Ramelan Navy Hospital neurologic ward.Keywords: Blood Pressure, Intracerebral Haemorrhage Volume, Haemorrhagic Stroke ABSTRAKLatar belakang. Stroke hemoragik adalah pendarahan otak spontan yang seringkali mengancam jiwa. Faktor resiko utama terjadinya stroke hemoragik adalah adanya hipertensi. Hipertensi dapat menyebabkan perubahan struktur dinding arteri sehingga pembuluh darah didekat otak mudah ruptur. Tujuan penelitian. Mengetahui hubungan antara tekanan darah dengan volume pendarahan intraserebral pada pasien stroke hemoragik di ruang rawat inap saraf RUMKITAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya. Metode penelitian. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan desain cross sectional study. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan perolehan data primer, yaitu berupa hasil CT scan kepala untuk mengetahui volume pendarahan intraserebral pasien dan data pasien saat masuk IGD untuk tekanan darah pasien. Hasil. Penelitian dilakukan pada 26 pasien stroke hemoragik yang masuk kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara tekanan darah dengan volume pendarahan intraserebral pada pasien stroke hemoragik di ruang rawat inap saraf RUMKITAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya, dengan nilai signifikansi (p) = 0.888 > α (0.05). Kesimpulan. Tidak ada hubungan antara tekanan darah dengan volume pendarahan intraserebral pada pasien stroke hemoragik di ruang rawat inap saraf RUMKITAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya.Kata Kunci : Tekanan Darah, Volume Pendarahan Intraserebral, Stroke Hemoragik

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Analysis of the relationship between periodontitis and osteoporosis/fractures: a cross-sectional study

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01496-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Seok-Jin Hong ◽

Byoung-Eun Yang ◽

Dae-Myoung Yoo ◽

Sung-Jae Kim ◽

Hyo-Geun Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Odds Ratio ◽

Bone Destruction ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Income Group ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease resulting in patients exhibiting high levels of inflammatory factors causing systemic inflammatory bone destruction that may lead to osteoporosis development. The association between periodontitis and osteoporosis has been documented; however, the findings remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the association between periodontitis and osteoporosis using a cross-sectional study design and Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) health examinee data. Methods This cross-sectional study used epidemiological data from the KoGES during 2004–2016. Of 125,324 participants (age, 40–79 years), 9969 with periodontitis and 115,332 controls (without periodontitis) were selected. We analyzed the history of osteoporosis and fractures of all participants. All participants were examined according to age, sex, income group, obesity, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and food intake. To analyze the odds ratio (OR) of periodontitis for those with osteoporosis and fractures, a logistic regression model was used. Results The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of periodontitis for osteoporosis was 2.16 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.01–2.31; P < 0.001). The aOR of periodontitis for any fracture was 1.54 (95% CI 1.46–1.62; P < 0.001). Conclusion Osteoporosis and fractures are associated with periodontitis. Performing regular oral hygiene and examinations of bone mineral density are recommended to prevent aggravation of osteoporosis and periodontitis.

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Characteristics, Management, and Case-Fatality of Patients Hospitalized for Stroke with a Diagnosis of COVID-19 in France

Neuroepidemiology ◽

10.1159/000516670 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Amélie Gabet ◽

Clémence Grave ◽

Edouard Chatignoux ◽

Philippe Tuppin ◽

Yannick Béjot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Fatality ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Primary Diagnosis ◽

Index Hospitalization ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

National Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Systèmes D’Information

Introduction: COVID-19 was found to be associated with an increased risk of stroke. This study aimed to compare characteristics, management, and outcomes of hospitalized stroke patients with or without a hospital diagnosis of COVID-19 at a nationwide scale. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study on all French hospitals covering the entire French population using the French national hospital discharge databases (Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d’Information, included in the Système National des Données de Santé). All patients hospitalized for stroke between 1 January and 14 June 2020 in France were selected. A diagnosis of COVID-19 was searched for during the index hospitalization for stroke or in a prior hospitalization that had occurred after 1 January 2020. Results: Among the 56,195 patients hospitalized for stroke, 800 (1.4%) had a concomitant COVID-19 diagnosis. Inhospital case-fatality rates were higher in stroke patients with COVID-19, particularly for patients with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19 (33.2%), as compared to patients hospitalized for stroke without COVID-19 diagnosis (14.1%). Similar findings were observed for 3-month case-fatality rates adjusted for age and sex that reached 41.7% in patients hospitalized for stroke with a concomitant primary diagnosis of COVID-19 versus 20.0% in strokes without COVID-19. Conclusion: Patients hospitalized for stroke with a concomitant COVID-19 diagnosis had a higher inhospital and 3 months case-fatality rates compared to patients hospitalized for stroke without a COVID-19 diagnosis. Further research is needed to better understand the excess of mortality related to these cases.

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Antiphospholipid antibodies and neurological manifestations in acute COVID-19: A single-centre cross-sectional study

EClinicalMedicine ◽

10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101070 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101070

Author(s):

Laura A. Benjamin ◽

Ross W. Paterson ◽

Rachel Moll ◽

Charis Pericleous ◽

Rachel Brown ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Neurological Manifestations ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Single Centre ◽

Cross Sectional

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Alcohol-related hospitalisations of trauma patients in Southern Taiwan: a cross-sectional study based on a trauma registry system

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005947 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (10) ◽

pp. e005947 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Cheng-Shyuan Rau ◽

Hang-Tsung Liu ◽

Shiun-Yuan Hsu ◽

Tzu-Yu Cho ◽

Ching-Hua Hsieh

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Injury Severity ◽

Trauma Registry ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Blood Alcohol ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Brain Ct ◽

Registry System ◽

Gcs Score ◽

Trauma Registry System

ObjectivesTo provide an overview of the demographic characteristics of patients with positive blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and to investigate the performance of brain CT scans in these patients.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTaiwan.Participants2192 patients who had undergone a test for blood alcohol of 13 233 patients registered in the Trauma Registry System between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2012. A BAC level of 50 mg/dL was defined as the cut-off value. Detailed information was retrieved from the patients with positive BAC (n=793) and was compared with information from those with a negative BAC (n=1399).Main outcome measuresGlasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS) as well as the performance and findings of obtained brain CT scans.ResultsPatients with positive BAC had a higher rate of face injury, but a lower GCS score, a lower rate of head and neck injury, a lower ISS and New Injury Severity Score. Alcohol use was associated with a shorter length of hospital stay (8.6 vs 11.4 days, p=0.000) in patients with an ISS of <16. Of 496 patients with positive BAC who underwent brain CT, 164 (33.1%) showed positive findings on CT scan. In contrast, of 891 patients with negative BAC who underwent brain CT, 389 (43.7%) had positive findings on CT scan. The lower percentage of positive CT scan findings in patients with positive BAC was particularly evident in patients with an ISS <16 (18.0% vs 28.8%, p=0.001).ConclusionsPatients who consumed alcohol tended to have a low GCS score and injuries that were less severe. However, given the significantly low percentage of positive findings, brain CT might be overused in these patients with less severe injuries.

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Diagnostic Accuracy of HRCT Chest in Detection of Covid-19 Infection Taking PCR as Gold Standard

10.53350/pjmhs211561679 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 1679-1681

Author(s):

Afaque Ali ◽

Majid Shaikh ◽

Ahsanullah . ◽

Adeel Ahmed ◽

Abid Ali Sahito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

High Resolution ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Radiology Department ◽

High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Head Of Department

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest in detection of covid-19 infection taking PCR as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: Radiology department of Tabba Hospital, Karachi. Duration: From March 2019 to September 2020 Material and Methods: All the clinically suspected patients of covid-19, of any age, both genders and those referred to radiology for High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest to detect the covid-19 infection were included. After two days, patients’ PCR reports were collected from the ward, after taking informed consent and permission from head of department. The diagnostic accuracy of HRCT was established with respect to sensitivity, PPV, NPV, and specificity by taking PCR as gold standard. All the information was collected via study proforma. Results: Total 70 patients suspected for COVID-19 were studied, and the patients’ mean age was 58.23±9.52 years. Males were in majority 54(77.1%). As per HRCT findings, COVID-19 infection was positive in 46 patients, however, 48 patients were detected positive for COVID-19 infection as per PCR findings. In the detection of COVID-19 infection, HRCT chest showed sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 90%, PPV of 83%, NPV of 84% and diagnostic accuracy of 94%; by taking PCR as gold standard. Conclusion: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a reliable diagnostic approach in promptly detecting the COVID-19; with 91% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 83% positive predictive value, 84% negative predictive value and 94% diagnostic accuracy. Keywords: Accuracy, HRCT, COVID-19

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PREVALENCE OF BRUCELLOSIS IN BLACK BENGAL GOATS IN BANGLADESH

Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.3329/bjvm.v10i1-2.15646 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (1-2) ◽

pp. 51-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. S. Rahman ◽

S. Mithu ◽

M. T. Islam ◽

M. J. Uddin ◽

R. R. Sarker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epidemiological Data ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Confirmatory Test ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Significant Economic Loss ◽

Sera Samples ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Brucellosis is an important bacterial zoonotic disease causing significant economic loss in dairy industries worldwide including Bangladesh. But limited studies are devoted to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in goat in all districts of Bangladesh. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in Black Bengal goats in Nilphamari Sadar and Kishoreganj upazillas of Nilphamari district of Bangladesh using Rose Bengal Test (RBT) as screening test and I-ELISA as confirmatory test. A total of 154 sera samples from Black Bengal goats were collected from Nilphamari district. Epidemiological data on the selected Black Bengal goats were collected using a structured questionnaire. The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis was found to be 2.59% in Black Bengal goats. A significantly (p<0.01) higher prevalence of brucellosis was found in Black Bengal goats with the history of previous abortion (33.33%). An insignificant (p>0.05) but higher prevalence of brucellosis was found in adult Black Bengal goats (>24 months) than young. The prevalence was relatively higher in cross-bred than pure Black Bengal goats, in female than male and in pregnant than non-pregnant Black Bengal goats. The result of the study will provide baseline data for control of brucellosis in goat in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v10i1-2.15646

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Women’s attitude toward gynecological pain in fertile age: Results from a cross-sectional study among Italian community pharmacies

Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders ◽

10.1177/2284026518776148 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 88-94

Author(s):

Corrado Giua Marassi ◽

Assunta Pistone ◽

Fabio Parazzini ◽

Silvia Vannuccini ◽

Felice Petraglia

Keyword(s):

Medical Treatment ◽

Pelvic Pain ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Pharmacies ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Self Medication ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Delay ◽

Italian Community

Introduction: Several epidemiological data on women afferent to clinics for medical treatment of pelvic pain are available, while few studies explored the general population. Thus, this study aimed to investigate women presenting with gynecological pain at the community pharmacy and to evaluate the relevance of pharmacist advice regarding medical treatment. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 10 Italian community pharmacies, by administering a structured questionnaire to fertile age women reporting pelvic pain during the last 3 months. Questions were concerning demographic information, pain characteristics, women’s behavior toward gynecological pain, and diagnosis possibly received from a physician. Results: A group of 290 women were interviewed. Severe pain was reported in 58.3%, with a mean ± SD of 4.4 ± 6.8 days of suffering, causing absenteeism from work in 45.3% of cases. Almost half of women reported that the onset of gynecological pain was before 15 years and 72.2% had consulted a physician in the past, with a mean delay of 2.5 ± 4.3 years between the onset of pain and medical consultation. However, only 28% of the overall population received a diagnosis. 51.0% received one treatment, while 39% received two or more. The first therapy was prescribed in 40.2% cases by the physician, while in the remaining it was recommended either by the pharmacist or it was a self-medication. Conclusion: Gynecological pelvic pain is a disabling problem, regardless of the underlying cause, with significant impact on social and working life and requiring a better medical management.

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The Contribution of Avoidable Mortality to the Life Expectancy Gains in Korea between 1998 and 2017

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17186499 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (18) ◽

pp. 6499

Author(s):

Jinwook Bahk ◽

Kyunghee Jung-Choi

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Policy ◽

Life Expectancy ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Avoidable Mortality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Major Factors

This study evaluated the contribution of avoidable causes of death to gains in life expectancy between 1998 and 2017 in Korea. This is a multi-year, cross-sectional study using national data. Death certificate data from 1998 to 2017 were obtained from Statistics Korea. The difference in life expectancy between 1998 and 2017 by age and cause of death were decomposed using Arriaga’s method. Life expectancy rose 7.73 years over 20 years in Korea, which was largely (more than 50%) due to changes in avoidable causes of death. As age increased, the contribution to changes in life expectancy increased, and the gain in life expectancy due to avoidable causes also tended to increase. The major factors that drove that gain in life expectancy were avoidable causes such as cerebrovascular diseases and traffic accidents. The gain in life expectancy from preventable diseases was greater in men than in women. The results of this study indicate that active public health programs have been effective in improving life expectancy in Korea. Moreover, avoidable mortality could be further improved with good public health policy. Health policy aimed at reducing amenable and preventable deaths should be further implemented to promote population health.

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