scholarly journals COMPETITION AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE WORLD EXPERIENCE AND UKRAINIAN REALITIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (8) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoliі SHCHERBAK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
The World ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Active Cluster ◽  
The Impact

The views of M. Porter on the importance of competition as a factor of economic development are analyzed. The policy of deregulation carried out by developed countries in recent decades was studied; its successes and limitations are noted. It is shown that implementation of the reform in Australia, aimed at development of competition, led to a significant improvement in economic indicators and increase in the living standard of the population. The OECD Toolkit for assessing the impact on competition has been analyzed. The Toolkit contains the methodology for identifying unnecessary restrictions on competition and developing the alternative measures to achieve the objectives. The state of competitive environment in Ukraine is researched. It is shown that restriction of competition and inequalities of its conditions significantly inhibit economic development. The reasons for rapid growth of Ukraine’s economy in 2000-2008 are analyzed. It is substantiated that one of the most important factors was the strengthening of internal competition as a result of reforms carried out in the 1990s. At the same time, the weakening of competition from the second half of the 2000s led to a decrease in competitiveness. The need for systematic work aimed at eliminating the anticompetitive norms from domestic legislation is substantiated. This work should be based on the OECD Toolkit to assess the impact on competition. It is emphasized that it is necessary to use only those tools that promote competition when implementing the policy. The necessity of active cluster support is substantiated.

Civilization challenges to global economic development

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-142
Author(s):  
Maksym A. Zhyvko ◽  
Andriy R. Zastavnyy ◽  
Oleh V. Ivashchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Religious Differences

The geospace stratification substantiate and its spatial differences reveal based on the analysis of the economic growth dynamics. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the slowdown in economic growth confirmed and its negative consequences for the investment sphere clarified, because the ability of countries to respond adequately to these processes is different. It has been determined that under the globalization influence, the world acts as a single whole, and the core of developed countries and the periphery is formed as well as local civilizations are transformed. Attention focuses on the research of the values problems that determine the state of society development. The research of the essential characteristics of civilizations carried out and the ideas of the main European civilizational schools characterized. Based on M. Rokeach’s concept, the features that characterize values are determined. It confirmed the values that dominate in society are the main element of culture. The model for measuring the cultural variability of the cross-cultural plane, which was developed by the Dutch psychologist G. Hofstede, is detailed, and the influence of cultural characteristics on the new economy formation is analyzed. The «World Values Survey» study has been assessed. It confirmed that, due to the impossibility of full-fledged self-realization of the individual, migration processes activated and their analysis shows a tendency towards growth. It substantiated that in the modern world the questions about the nature of the socio-cultural integrity of civilizations and civilizational ecumene, associated with religious differences and demographic processes, remain unresolved. An assessment of the demographic situation in the world carried out and its growing dynamics and regional asymmetries clarified. A spatial analysis of the distribution of countries in the global space with dominant religions carried out and the main trends in the world religions development revealed. The role of strengthening the intangible component in the structure of modern economic reproduction argues. It confirmed that the potential of the countries and the world development as a whole takes place in the process of deepening cross-civilization-integration processes. The main civilizational challenges of global economic development are formulated, they are formed under the multi-vector processes in the world, including: spatial asymmetry of countries’ development, universalization of values, socio-cultural differences, ethnic problems, religious differences, demographic and migration processes.

scholarly journals TRENDS RESEARCH OF THE INFORMATION ECONOMY BASED ON GLOBAL INTERNATIONAL INDICES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiia Morozova ◽  
◽  
Tetyana Novikova ◽  
Timur Malafeyev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
National Product ◽  
Information Economy ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Development ◽  
The Impact

The article describes the uneven development of the information economy based on an analysis of the ICT development index in order to identify innovative growth at the national, regional, and global levels. The aim of the work is to develop a set of models for the analysis of the dynamics of the information economy, which makes it possible to determine the stages of the information economy development, groups of countries according to the level of ICT development, and to assess the factors impact of ICT development on the economic growth rate. The work considered the set of information indicators for assessing the level of the information economy development and analyzed development trends of the information economy by macro-region; developed a country profile model for ICT development and built a model for measuring the impact of ICT development on economic growth. Special empirical measures – international indices – are used to determine the extent of the impact of informatization on the countries’ development. All the indicators used in the work form the basis of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Development Index. This suggests that the ICT index is a universal tool for comparing world economies. Research has been carried out based on neural network modelling techniques, in particular the Kohonen network and econometric methods and models. The article discusses the use of ICT to analyze the information economy at the macroeconomic level to measure the impact of ICT on the gross national product. The author’s concept of research on the impact of ICT on the gross national product of the countries of the world has been developed. The author’s concept scheme consists of two blocks. The first block consists of the construction of country groupings based on the level of ICT development. Based on the Kohonen networks, the countries have been clustered according to the level of development of information and communication technologies, which will make it possible to compare the world economies and to highlight priority and problem areas in the implementation of ICT. The second block is to study the influence level of the ICT development index on countries' GDP using econometric models of macroeconomic indicators. The relationship between ICT and GDP has been confirmed. The simulation found that the potential for increasing GDP through ICT was greater for developing countries than for developed countries because for developed countries ICT using was routine and necessary. The impact of further ICT development in developed countries is such that, with an increase of 1% in ICT use, GDP increases by 0.6 %. For developing countries, however, the opposite is true. An increase of 1 % in the rate of ICT increases GDP by 1.2 % on average, i.e., such countries have the potential to develop and meet the targets of developed countries. The findings and results of the study can be used by policymakers and enterprises to ensure better ICT outcomes, which in turn can promote sustainable economic and social development, both in certain countries and globally.

scholarly journals Hybrid organizations as effective intermediate institutions: Evidence from Eastern Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-130
Author(s):  
Daniil A. Sitkevich ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Hybrid Organizations ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Asian Tigers ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: the article examines the impact of hybrid organizations on the economic dynamics of Eastern Asian countries. Objectives: to assess the effectiveness of hybrid organizations as intermediate institutions that promote economic development, to describe the transformation of hybrids as they are modernized. Methods: dialectical method, system analysis, case study method, induction method. Results: the positive role of hybrid organizations in catching-up economic development is revealed; it is shown that hybrids serve as intermediate institutions that either transform or hinder economic growth as modernization progresses; possible economic policies to support hybrids are described. Conclusions: hybrid organizations are common in many countries and regions with a predominance of traditional regulators which have managed to reach the development path of developed countries. Thus, hybrids are country specific for the “Asian tigers” – Japan (in the form of keiretsu), South Korea (in the form of chaebols), Taiwan (in the form of clusters) as well as for China (in the form of industrial areas). At the same time, in most cases, hybrid institutional agreements serve as intermediate institutions – relying on existing social ties, they promote economic growth, but as they modernize, they either undergo changes or hinder subsequent development. The analysis of the presented cases also shows that the state can contribute to the formation of hybrids in various ways – from creating infrastructure to supporting the export activities of firms.

scholarly journals The Investments Efficiency Toward Economic Growth: ICOR of the Republic of Croatia and Slovenia - Comparative Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeton Mazllami ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The World ◽  
Output Ratio ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Most developing and developed countries, today are faced with a lot of economic, social, and political challenges as a result of internal or external factors such as the World Financial Crisis and Covid19. In these circumstances, the crucial objective of any government is to improve the national economic performance by increasing domestics and foreign investments. Investments efficiency is the main pillar in the increase of the economic growth of any economy. This paper aims to measure the efficiency of the investments towards economic growth in the Republic of Croatia and Slovenia by applying a comparative analysis. The specific objective of our paper is to determine the best ICOR level, the correlation between ICOR and GDP, and the impact on the economic growth of both countries. The research methodology will include the analysis of the efficiency of the investment measured by the indicators Incremental Capital-Output Ratio (ICOR) based on the World Bank approach. The period of observation includes the period from the year 1995 to 2020. The investment efficiency (ICOR) in both countries is expected to move between 1 and 6. The findings of this research are that each one-point decrease of the ICOR level of Croatia increases the economic growth by 1.961 percent, while the ICOR level of Slovenia increases less the Economic growth by 0.259 percent.

TRANSITION ECONOMIES PROBLEMS WITH SPECIFIC FOCUS ON DEALING WITH SCALE OF CORRUPTION CASE STUDY – KOSOVO

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-334
Author(s):  
Ariana Xhemajli
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Corruption Case ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Theoretical and empirical debate on the impact of corruption on the economy remains unclear. Many studies on corruption seem that the world is occupied by two kinds of people, "sanders" and "greasers”. It depends on what the meaning of "corruption" is for them. Some scholars argue that corruption is an obstacle to economic growth, whereas others believe that corruption can (in some circumstances) endorse growth. Corruption also has a negative impact on investment, Foreign Direct Investment, and economic development as a whole. Measuring corruption is still an issue for most economists due to the difficulties of defining it, and also different forms of corruption require different objective measures. Nevertheless, recently, some measures of corruption have been widely accepted and recognized by researchers. This paper is a critical review at these positions by reviewing the theoretical literature on the impact of corruption on an economy as a whole. In this paper we will treat the corruption level in Kosovo, and its presence in forms and ways how the bribe is been given. Instead, this document reviews different measurements of corruption to reveal that corruption is harmful for the economy.

The Problem of Factors that Determine the Economic Development of Modern Russia

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Елена Басовская ◽  
Elena Basovskaya ◽  
Леонид Басовский ◽  
Leonid Basovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Economic Growth Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

In the economy of Russia after the crisis of 2008–2009 systemic changes were occurred. In the period before this crisis, Russia experienced economic growth, which was faster than the growth rate of the world economy, then after the crisis, economic growth rates do not exceed the growth rates of the world economy. To identify the reasons and factors for changing the model of economic development of the country, a project for researching the economy before and after the crisis of 2008–2009 is proposed. It is proposed to receive quantitative assessments of the impact of economic, socio-economic, political factors and other significant factors that determine productivity, differing by region of the country, by building econometric models of productivity in the form of expanded production functions.

scholarly journals Population Growth and Economic Development in Developing and Developed Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.34) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin ◽  
Noorjima Abd Wahab ◽  
Mahadzirah Mohamad ◽  
Ahmad Shakir Mohd Saudi ◽  
Mohamad Shaharudin Samsurijan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

This research examines the effects of population growth on the economic development between the two developed and developing countries which is Singapore and Malaysia. They were many previous studies that have sought to gauge the effects or impact of population growth along the economic development. It was said that there was a strong relationship between the effects of population growth and the economic development, which is the growth of population is depending on the economic growth. Singapore was well known worldwide as a highly developed free-market economy. The economy of Singapore has been ranked as the most open in the world and the most-pro business. The population in the country is estimated at 5.5 million recently. As for Malaysia, it is known as the most competitive developing countries and is ranked on the 5th largest in South Asia. The population estimated at 31.63 million in Malaysia.  

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF DIFFERENTIATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marat R. Safiullin ◽  
Gulnaz M. Galeeva ◽  
Raushaniya I. Zinurova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Great Leap Forward

This paper considers the differentiation of the development level of some countries of the world using different models of socio-economic development. The study consisted of several stages and was based on data published on the official websites of the World Economic Forum, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund. In this regard, we studied the methods for assessing the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the development of countries in the world economy. We also studied the leading countries in terms of socio-economic development, strategies and their competitive advantages, and identified priority areas for the development of the economies of countries under consideration during the analyzed period. This paper presents an analysis of economic parameters, a comparison of national economies, their development dynamics using quantitative indicators of economic growth. According to the study, China has prospects for a great leap forward in economic development, the United States is the leader in many respects, and Japan has slowed down in economic growth and risks continuing to suffer losses in a number of economic indicators. Chad, India, China and developed countries have strong differentiation in terms of per capita GDP growth rates according to PPPs. All this speaks of the processes of strengthening differentiation, taking place in the world economy, widening the gap in the level of life quality among countries

scholarly journals Inclusive Development of the World Countries under Conditions of Globalisation: Models and Arguments

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
Tetyana Zinchuk ◽  
Nataliia Kutsmus ◽  
Tetiana Usiuk ◽  
Oleksandr Kovalchuk ◽  
Lesia Zaburanna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the features of economic growth in different countries of the world, which are described by differences not only in the achieved growth indicators, but also in the trajectory and nature of stimulating this process. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of existential parameters of the functioning of countries (leading and growing economies) on the inclusivity of their development in the context of economic globalisation, as well as to justify the priority vectors of socio-political and economic changes aimed at realising the growth potential according to the concept of sustainability. The methodological framework of the research comprises methods of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and step-by-step regression. The index of development inclusiveness recommended by the World Economic Forum is used as the main indicator of the country's development. The information basis of this study included international databases representing data by country. The results of the study allowed identifying the main factors of economic development and the dependence of economic growth separately in the leading and developing countries of the world. It is proved that despite the direct or indirect impact of these factors on the economic development of the world's leading countries and countries with growing economies, there is no universal model that would ensure economic growth with a focus on sustainable development. However, it is possible to identify a group of factors that ensure the maximum effect of economic growth. Thus, for countries with growing economies, human development is a priority, while for the leading countries of the world, economic growth is mainly driven by factors such as the environmental footprint per person, the Human Development Index, the Globalisation Index and the cost of imported resources. Dynamic changes in the global space, trends towards further development of human capital in all countries, unpredictable consequences of the impact of COVID-19 pandemics determine the prospects for further research in this area

scholarly journals Possibilities and challenges of inclusive economic growth in countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 10039
Author(s):  
Mavluda Askarova ◽  
Toir Saddulaev ◽  
Bunyod Radjabov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Inclusive Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study of this topic is inclusive growth and inclusive economic growth in the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Using the theoretical method of analysis, the results of the developed countries of the world, as well as the state of the economy of Central Asia, in particular the Republic of Uzbekistan, are analyzed. The observation method reveals the impact of inclusive economic growth on the standard of living and well-being of the world’s population. The article compares data on the impact of the global economic and financial crisis on the economies of the world and the Republic of Uzbekistan, which began in 2019, and its consequences are reflected on inclusive economic growth. Projections of social development up to 2030 are made, this development factor plays an important role in inclusive economic growth. The result of this study is the conclusion about the importance of the inclusive growth index, which can replace the GDP indicator. Index of inclusive analysis of information on various aspects of society. This index can also be used to predict the socioeconomic development of the state.

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