INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRIC DRIVES WITH PERIODICAL LOADING BY USING COMPREHENSIVE MATHEMATICAL MODELING MEANS

The mode of operation of induction motors (IMs) affects their performance. In most cases, motors are optimally designed for steady state operation. When operating in other modes, additional attention is required to the problems of energy efficiency. Induction motors are the most common type of electromechanical energy converters, and a significant part of them operate under conditions of periodic changes in the load torque. The work is devoted to solving the problem of increasing the energy efficiency of asynchronous motors of electromechanical systems with a periodic load, including pumping and compressor equipment. The traditional solution to this problem for compressor equipment is the optimal design of an IM under static conditions, as well as the use of flywheels, the use of an IM with an increased slip value and controlled IM with a squirrel-cage rotor and with frequency converters. In this work, the modes of operation of asynchronous motors with periodic loading are investigated. For this, complex mathematical models are developed in the simulation system. Such models are effective in modeling taking into account periodic load changes: repetitive transient processes, their possible asymmetry and non-sinusoidality, increased influence of nonlinearity of electromagnetic parameters. In complex mathematical modeling, the mutual influence of the constituent parts of the electromechanical system is taken into account. Simulation allowed quantifying the deterioration in energy efficiency under intermittent loading, in comparison with static modes. Criteria for evaluating quasi-static modes have been developed and areas of critical decrease in efficiency have been determined. The paper proposes and demonstrates a methodology for solving this problem. For this purpose, tools have been created for the optimal design of asynchronous motors as part of electromechanical systems with periodic loading. These tools include: complex mathematical models of electromechanical systems with asynchronous motors with periodic load, mathematical tools for determining the parameters of quasi-steady-state modes, the methodology of optimal design based on the criterion of the maximum efficiency of processes under quasi-steady-state modes of operation. The possibilities, advantages and prospects of using the developed mathemati-cal apparatus for solving a number of problems to improve the efficiency of electric drives of compressor and pumping equipment are demonstrated. It is shown that by taking into account quasi-static processes, the use of complex mathematical models for the optimal design of asynchronous motors with a periodic load provides an in-crease in efficiency up to 8 ... 10%, relative to the indicators of motors that are de-signed without taking into account the quasi-static modes. The areas of intense quasi-steady-state modes are determined using the devel-oped criterion. In these areas, there is a critical decrease in efficiency compared to continuous load operation. A decrease in efficiency is associated with a decrease in the amount of kinetic energy of the rotating parts compared to the amount of electromagnetic energy. In connection with the development of a frequency-controlled asynchronous drive of mechanisms with a periodic load, the relevance of design taking into account the peculiarities of quasi-static has increased significantly. For example, a variable frequency drive of a refrigerator compressor or a heat pump can increase energy efficiency up to 40%, but at low speeds, due to a decrease in kinetic energy, the efficiency can decrease to 10 ... 15%, unless a special design methodology is applied. This problem can be solved by using the complex mathematical modeling tools developed in the article.

MODELING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GAS INDUSTRY IN UKRAINE

The subject of the research is the directions of development of the gas industry of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to develop a mathematical model for calculating the program of development of the country's gas industry to solve the problem of choosing options for commissioning of new natural gas fields and intensification of existing fields. The methods of system analysis, linear programming, comparative analysis and expert evaluations are used in the work. A model for calculating a program for the development of the gas industry is proposed to solve the problem of choosing options for commissioning new natural gas fields and intensifying existing fields. The model is based on representing development options with achievable volumes of annual production increase in integer linear programming problems. New and operating natural gas fields can be presented in the model with statistical information on their distribution by reserves and depths with the corresponding development costs, as well as the dependences of the predicted annual production volume on the measures taken and technologies to improve the efficiency of gas extraction. Model calculations provide a two-stage method for determining the options for the development of the industry. At the first stage, a variety of options are optimized according to the criterion of unit costs per 1,000 m3 of gas produced during the entire program period. The second stage ensures the optimal distribution of the selected options between the periods of the program using the criterion of the production volume and with the limited costs of the previous period for the preparation, prospecting and exploration of deposits. The results of calculating feasible options for the development of the gas production industry based on statistical information on volume, mining and geological and cost indicators of the development of resources and natural gas reserves are presented. The calculations investigated the options for the uniform distribution of investment, as well as their growth from the first stage to the next. For both cases, the priority is set for the selection of fields with large reserves at the same depths. Such a procedure for putting fields into operation is expedient, both from the point of view of the criterion for the optimal functioning of the industry over a long period of time – the unit costs of production, and on the basis of considerations of achieving the highest volumes of extraction in the shortest possible time. In the case of small capital investments in the development of the industry, the model selects small-volume reserves of deposits according to the structure of Ukrainian reserves.

ANALYSIS OF THE INFORMATION COMPONENT OF MARKETING TERRITORIAL STRATEGIES

The purpose of the article is to analyze the effectiveness of the information component for popularizing the territory brand. In modern conditions, the mobility of people and capital has reached such a level that a well-thought-out branding of the territory allows it to actively compete for resources, investment, skilled labor, partners, and so on. Therefore, the territories need to have their own identity and actively promote it. The importance of creating and promoting a brand is confirmed by both international brand ratings and the results of the development of territories after the implementation of a successfully developed brand. Territory branding helps to transform a country or a separate region from a ge-ographical unit into a full-fledged product that has its own value. The work shows that the creation of an effective brand of a territory is a com-plex mechanism that includes a system of principles, adherence to which allows one to create a brand that reflects the unique characteristics of the territory, its features and attractiveness. Additionally, a successful brand of a territory can become the ba-sis for effective brands of goods and services. The article analyzes the effective and ineffective brands of territories around the world. Based on this, it was concluded that for the marketing strategy of the territory to be successful, it is necessary to equally involve representatives of government, business and citizens themselves. An important component of promoting the brand of the territory, like any other product, is the effective dissemination of information about it to the target audience. The Internet has huge opportunities for this as one of the cheapest and easiest ways to disseminate information. The analysis of data for 2000-2020 carried out in the work showed that the share of Internet users in the world is constantly growing. In developing countries, it tends to have accelerated growth, that according to the prognosis will continue its being in the nearest future. At the same time, the main users of the networks are able-bodied and paying people aged 20 to 39 years, whose share is more than 50% of the world's population. Therefore, promoting the brand of territory using Internet technologies has undeniable advantages over other methods of promoting goods. In order to attract solvent buyers, the territory must be recognizable, have a competitive and attractive Internet portal. The analysis carried out in the work showed that the websites of the Ukrainian territorial units have a number of short-comings in comparison with the leading European practices. Therefore, the authori-ties should actively involve professional marketers to develop competitive brands, which will ultimately help the Ukrainian territories to fight equally for resources and capital. In addition, the development of the official site of the territory with the popularization of working enterprises and industries can give an impetus to attracting investment in business.

LINGUISTIC GLOBALIZATION: PROBLEMS OF LANGUAGE SOVEREIGNTY

Integrational processes on a worldwide scale engender the interaction between the languages of the world, a phenomenon which scholars define as linguistic globalization. These processes have created the need for a common system of language communication among nations. This function has been taken up by American English. The subject of our study is the linguistic reality of modern globalization. Our goal is to investigate the interaction of global English with other language systems, as exemplified by the Ukrainian language. In our study we will examine various views with regard to global English, characterize its influence on other language systems, analyze system-internal possibilities of Ukrainian as a recipient language on the basis of language data drawn from the area of tourism, and prognosticate with regard to the functioning of English as a global language. Our study includes the following sections: “The plurality of opinions”, “A challenge to language specificity”, “Ukrainian as a recipient language”, “Prognosis”. The methods and technique of our investigation are stipulated by its goal, its tasks and the characteristics of the analyzed data: general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis; the descriptive method which enables the systematization of linguistic data, its interpretation and the making of generalizations; the technique of selection which enables the delineation of linguistic units. The material presented points to the conclusion that the national language of Ukrainians, as a recipient language, is capable of utilizing the resources of its linguistic system, simultaneously undergoing change resulting in growth of the language system due to linguistic and extra-linguistic factors. The forms of interaction of a global language with another national language can be not only constructive, but also destructive: when English words and expressions displace language-inherent units and become substituted in their place, and when the tendency grows to use anglicisms for naming not only new concepts but also well-known ones. The present time dimension of the development of the current processes of globalization is as yet not adequate to enable thorough conclusions about their influence on national language systems. Linguistic globalization cannot, therefore, be viewed from only one perspective: as exclusively negative (pessimistically) or as exclusively positive (optimistically). One must admit that at present there is no alternative to “American English” in the process of facilitating the current international communication, which leads to the formation of a new bilingual world map. In this age of globalization there is a need for nations to preserve their cultural and linguistic self-identity, since there is the danger that they may lose their language as a medium of national identity when crucial spheres of their life and activities, particularly the domain of specialized communication, become totally engulfed by a “global language”. All challenges to language resulting from modern globalization are foremost reflected within the area of terminology of each language, since it is this part of the lexicon which is most sensitive to technical and cultural change, and thus of utmost importance to human communication. Ukraine needs to develop a strategy for the further development of its national language within the modern globalized world. The Ukrainian nation should not detach itself from cultural processes of the 21st century and thus remain isolated within its own cultural and linguistic borders. Nevertheless, it is necessary to control the process of Ukraine’s entering into the globalized world.

ELABORATION OF THE SUSTAINABLE UNIVERSITY MODEL AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

This paper represents a well-founded scientific approach, which elucidates the need to develop a model for ensuring the sustainability in higher education institutions. The aim of the paper is to develop its own model of sustainable development of universities in the Republic of Moldova in order to increase their competitiveness. The research problem is to find an optimal model with the purpose of ensuring a sustainable development of universities in the Republic of Moldova. The research question: what model of sustainable development can be applied to higher education institutions in the Republic of Moldova. Therefore, in this context, several models of the sustainable development of higher education institutions were reviewed, and towards the end, the own model of ensuring sustainability within the universities of the Republic of Moldova was developed. The model includes an innovative approach on the creation of a sustainable university in the conditions of the Republic of Moldova. The model proposed by us is based on ensuring a balanced development from an ecological-economic-social point of view, along with the most important levels that must be developed within a university in order to ensure a sustainable development. The research methodology focused on the use of a range of relevant methods such as: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, abduction, documentation, scientific abstraction, which helped us to advance in research and obtain the expected results. In conclusion, we can reiterate that each university, which claims to step firmly on the path of competitiveness and is able to raise students’ interest, motivate their development, create notoriety among stakeholders, has to develop a model of sustainable, viable, competitive development that could ensure a secure path in the future. The model proposed by us is a viable one, and deserves to be applied in the context of increasing competitive pressures. This model will help the universities to deal with competition, to overcome the problems and challenges faced by higher education institutions in the Republic of Moldova, such as the decrease of college enrolment rate and the number of students, the diminution of notoriety, lack of viable tools applied within the university in the interest of ensuring competitive advantages. Applying our own model constitutes an innovative approach for strengthening the sustainability in higher education institutions based on effective tools that will definitely contribute to increasing the performance and ensuring sustainability in higher education institutions in the Republic of Moldova.

TRENDS RESEARCH OF THE INFORMATION ECONOMY BASED ON GLOBAL INTERNATIONAL INDICES

The article describes the uneven development of the information economy based on an analysis of the ICT development index in order to identify innovative growth at the national, regional, and global levels. The aim of the work is to develop a set of models for the analysis of the dynamics of the information economy, which makes it possible to determine the stages of the information economy development, groups of countries according to the level of ICT development, and to assess the factors impact of ICT development on the economic growth rate. The work considered the set of information indicators for assessing the level of the information economy development and analyzed development trends of the information economy by macro-region; developed a country profile model for ICT development and built a model for measuring the impact of ICT development on economic growth. Special empirical measures – international indices – are used to determine the extent of the impact of informatization on the countries’ development. All the indicators used in the work form the basis of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Development Index. This suggests that the ICT index is a universal tool for comparing world economies. Research has been carried out based on neural network modelling techniques, in particular the Kohonen network and econometric methods and models. The article discusses the use of ICT to analyze the information economy at the macroeconomic level to measure the impact of ICT on the gross national product. The author’s concept of research on the impact of ICT on the gross national product of the countries of the world has been developed. The author’s concept scheme consists of two blocks. The first block consists of the construction of country groupings based on the level of ICT development. Based on the Kohonen networks, the countries have been clustered according to the level of development of information and communication technologies, which will make it possible to compare the world economies and to highlight priority and problem areas in the implementation of ICT. The second block is to study the influence level of the ICT development index on countries' GDP using econometric models of macroeconomic indicators. The relationship between ICT and GDP has been confirmed. The simulation found that the potential for increasing GDP through ICT was greater for developing countries than for developed countries because for developed countries ICT using was routine and necessary. The impact of further ICT development in developed countries is such that, with an increase of 1% in ICT use, GDP increases by 0.6 %. For developing countries, however, the opposite is true. An increase of 1 % in the rate of ICT increases GDP by 1.2 % on average, i.e., such countries have the potential to develop and meet the targets of developed countries. The findings and results of the study can be used by policymakers and enterprises to ensure better ICT outcomes, which in turn can promote sustainable economic and social development, both in certain countries and globally.

IMPROVING THE PROVISION OF PUBLIC SERVICES IN THE UNITED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DECENTRALIZATION

In the context of the reform of decentralization in Ukraine, which envisages a set of changes, the main purpose of which is the transfer of significant powers and budgets from State bodies to local self-government bodies, the issue of providing high-quality public services to local self-government bodies is extremely important. To do this, you need to first of all not only create the constitutional and legal foundations for improving the quality of public services provided by local authorities, but also expand their number. Methodology. During the writing of the paper, the following research methods were used: the search for available methodological and scientific literature, comparison, clarification of causal relationships, systematization, analysis of documentation and results of researchers' work on the problem of the conducted research and expert evaluation. Results. These processes require not only the renewal or improvement of the elements of the management system that do not function properly, but also a radical transformation of the mechanisms of the state, in particular legal and organizational and functional, ensuring the processes of regulation of decentralization, which is an important factor in achieving the effectiveness of public administration. Practical implications. This issue becomes even more relevant not only from the rosbalanciousness of the system of regulation of procedural elements in the relations of state and local authorities with citizens, but also because of the lack of a slender, clear and understood ideology of such relations, built on the principles of equality, openness and the rule of law. The solution to this problem is especially important in the context of the formation of civil society – it is the quality of administrative services and the qualification of their provision that is evidence of the attitude of the entire mechanism of state power to the person, the degree of respect for his rights and freedoms. Value/originality. The paper proposes to adopt a code "On public services" in order to improve public relations in the provision of public services by subjects of public administration, analyzed legal and regulatory acts on the basis of which local authorities provide public services, as well as legislative acts that define standards for the provision of public services.

SEMANTIC AND STRUCTURAL PECULIARITIES OF TRANSLATING PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH MONEY COMPONENT (BASED ON MODERN ENGLISH AND GERMAN ECONOMIC TEXTS)

The purpose of the paper is to summarise and present semantic and structural peculiarities of phraseological units with MONEY component translation, based on modern English and German Economic texts. Methodology. The survey is based on comparison of semantic and structural peculiarities of phraseological units with MONEY component, that can be used in modern Economic texts in English and German languages and main methods of their translation into the Ukrainian language. For research of features of phraseology units with a component on denotation of MONEY translation we analysed 164 English phraseological units with the structure of word-combinations, that were investigated and described the main ways of their translation and 103 phraseological units from the economic articles of German newspapers. The analysis of the economic articles gave possibility to carry out thematic classification of phraseological units with the component-name MONEY in English (money, penny, cent, dollar, pound, cash) and German languages (Geld, Mark, Euro, Cent), within the framework of that the groups of phraseological units are distinguished with sema composition of the meaning. According to semantic classification English and German phraseology units with a MONEY component were divided into such groups: on denotation of riches and profit, wastefulness and charges, feelings and looks of man, relation of man to money, poverty and lack of money and on denotation of currency and bank transactions. The percentage ratio of semantic groups of English and German phraseological units with MONEY component in the economic sphere is represented on diagrams. Basic methods of phraseological units translation that are used by translators for the achievement of maximal adequacy of translation are distinguished. Among the methods of English phraseological units translation with a MONEY component the following one are distinguished: selection of equivalent, analogue, by the method of literal and descriptive translation whereas German phraseology units with a MONEY component are translated by phraseology and unphraseology methods; to phraseology the method of selection of eauivalent or analogue is taken, to unphraseology correspond calquing and descriptive translation. Carried analysis of features of English and German phraseology units with a MONEY component into the Ukrainian language translation did possible the reflection of research results by means of the diagram.

INFORMATION SUPPORT OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITY OF FORESTRY ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE

The importance of this research is caused by the leading trend in development and successful commercial performance of enterprises, including forestry, that is gained by introduction of information technology. In the era of the industrial revolution, the use of information technology allows businesses to change their own business model, through the use of modern digital technologies in management. In the context of digitalization of society, information itself, as a resource, has a dominant role in management processes and technologies. The issue on information support of management activities of forestry enterprises is vital for managers, as the correct solution of this problem allows to improve the processes of collecting, obtaining, using and storing the received information, which is the basis of information relations. The scientific research is based on the construction of an innovative information support system for forestry enterprises management. Search and formation of the mechanism of information resources management of the enterprises is adapted to application in modern conditions of economy digitalization and is a basis of the study. The subject of the paper is to prove the need of improving theoretical foundations of information support of management activities of forestry enterprises of Ukraine. The main purpose of the research is to clarify the essence of the concept of "information support", "information", "information economy", to determine the main principles of information resources of forest enterprises and to form a model of their management. To perform the study, authors used the following methods of cognition: the axiomatic method, comparison, observation, measurement, monitoring and formalization, defining the essence of the terms "information support" etc. The national economy development proves that the forestry complex is "an economically feasible system of enterprises whose activities are conditioned by the use of forest resources, which develop due to the achievement of competitive advantages and geographical concentration on the terms of public-private partnership." It is proved that in the management system of a forestry enterprise the effective use of information resources on the basis of modern information technologies ensures the strengthening of competitive advantages of the business entity. Until recently, management was seen as a creative, intuitive process based on the experience, trust, knowledge and other qualities of management staff, relevant managers. Under the pressure of information technology, the management principles are modified. It is becoming necessary to change the style and methods of enterprise management, review relationships and improve communication with consumers of services. The introduction of information systems in forestry is an urgent need, the solution of which will reduce the cost of production, assure the ability to control all stages of production, and in general, improve enterprise management. The authors focused on and demonstrated that information support, based on the widespread use of new information technologies, computer and communication equipment, allows to increase the efficiency of forestry enterprises, optimize the use of resources, reduce paperwork through the transition to electronic management technologies.

FORMATION OF BUDGETARY AND TIME CONSTRAINTS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL TAXATION IN UKRAINE: NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS

Formation of a budgetary and time constraints system on the implementation of environmental taxes should be carried out in the format of integrated social, environmental and economic policy (economic, energy, social, environmental), and is largely influenced by political processes. It was found that the environmental taxes implementation required defining budget and time constraints as the leading parameters in the field of tax regulation of environmental quality and efficiency of natural capital on an entrepreneurial and innovative basis. The economic essence of environmental taxation in the national security system is revealed through their main tax functions (fiscal, regulatory, incentive). In addition to the functions of environmental taxes, dysfunctions have been proposed such as: burdening, inflation and counteracting. Effectiveness of the implementation of environmental taxes functions is carried out on the basis of an appropriate system of indicators of their effectiveness at the macro level (in particular, the effectiveness of environmental tax revenues, assessment of fiscal effectiveness, etc.), taking into account the environmental payments effectiveness in foreign countries. In this paper, taking into account the existing proposals, the emphasis is on the criteria (indicators) as follows: effectiveness assessment of revenues from environmental taxation (in this case, the ratio of tax revenues and public environmental costs); fiscal efficiency (effectiveness); assessment of the motivational nature of environmental taxation. It is also stated that the assessment of the effectiveness of target functions implementation in the national security can be detailed in certain areas (energy, economic and environmental security), as well as depending on the tasks of management decisions by economic entities. From these perspectives optimization of the environmental taxes structure taking into account national specifics has been proposed. Taking into consideration the national specifics of nature management in Ukraine, the list of environmental taxes has been selected on the certain principles as follows: deteriorization of the ecological state; import dependence (dependence on energy imports); high demand for environmentally destructive goods; powerful natural and resource potential. A score assessment of environmental taxes compliance with the peculiarities of national nature management and national security has been proposed. It was stated that energy taxes have the maximum profitability potential and the highest eco – attributive efficiency. Also, a matrix of environmental taxes compliance with the criteria of fiscal and eco – attributive efficiency has been constructed.