scholarly journals EFFECT OF N-ACETYLCARNOSINE CONTAINED EYE DROP ON CATECHOLAMINE-INDUCED MORPHOFUNCTIONAL DAMAGE IN RAT RETINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
V.V. Sanin ◽  
◽  
A.I. Yakovets ◽  
K.V. Rozova ◽  
Yu.P. Korkach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Rat Retina ◽  
Eye Tissues ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adrenaline Administration

The effects of N-acetylcarnosine (NAC)-contained eye drop ‘Clarastil’ on a model of adrenaline-induced high intraocular pressure (IOP) in Wistar rats were studied. The retina ultrastructure and markers of oxidative stress have been studied. NAC was found to have no significant effect on edema in the retinal ultrastructure, did not reduce endothelial thickening and histogemic barrier, and accordingly did not affect the value of IOP after prolonged adrenaline administration. However, the introduction of the eye drop prevented the swelling of the mitochondria, the formation of vacuolated crystals and probably stimulated energy production as a compensatory mechanism under conditions of hypercatecholemia. In addition, NAC significantly reduced adrenaline-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation products in eye tissues, indicating its antioxidant effect.

The antioxidant effect of mulberry and jamun fruit wines by ameliorating oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4422-4431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshatha Hosahalli Srikanta ◽  
Anbarasu Kumar ◽  
Shinde Vijay Sukhdeo ◽  
Muthukumar Serva Peddha ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Govindaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Oxygen Species

Polyphenols act by scavenging reactive oxygen species during oxidative stress and hence are useful in the treatment of metabolic disorders including diabetes.

Differential susceptibility of a few members of the nasuta–albomicans complex of Drosophila to paraquat-induced lethality and oxidative stress

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 829-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mysore S. Ranjini ◽  
Ravikumar Hosamani ◽  
Muralidhara ◽  
Nallur B. Ramachandra
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
The Status ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The evolution of karyotypically stabilized short-lived (SL) and long-lived (LL) cytoraces in the laboratory have been established and validated through our previous lifespan studies. In the present investigation, we examined the possible reason(s) for the differential longevity among selected members of SL and LL cytoraces, employing the well known paraquat (PQ) resistance bioassay. Exposure of these races to varying concentrations of PQ revealed relatively higher resistance among LL cytoraces than SL cytoraces, as evident by the lower incidence of mortality. Biochemical analysis for endogenous markers of oxidative stress revealed that LL-2 cytorace exhibited lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, higher activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and coupled with higher levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) compared with the levels found in SL-2 cytorace. These findings suggest that the higher susceptibility of SL cytoraces to PQ challenge may be, at least in part, related to the higher endogenous levels of oxidative stress markers. Although the precise mechanisms responsible for the longer longevity among LL cytoraces of the nasuta–albomicans complex of Drosophila merits further investigation, our data suggest that the relatively longer lifespan may be related to the status of endogenous markers that renders them more resistant towards oxidative-stress-mediated lethality, as evident in the PQ assay.

scholarly journals Roles of Superoxide dismutase(SOD) , Malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-iso-prostaglandinF2α ( 8-iso-PGF2α)as oxidative stress in development and progression of Brest cancer in Iraqi females patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ferdous Abbas Jabir ◽  
Ahmed Sabah Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
The Mean

               Oxidative stress occurs as a result of disturbance in the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species (free radicals) and antioxidant defenses. Markers of oxidative stress were measured the markers of oxidative stress in breast cancer patients after diagnosis of breast cancer and compared these plasma blood levels controls This study was conducted to three markers of oxidative stress ;these are (SOD) enzyme ,malondialdehyde (MDA)and8-iso-prostaglandinF2α plasma of patients with breast cancer and compare with controls .In this study ;  the mean MDA (ng/ml) levels for the breast cancer patients and the controls were55.91±3.31 and40.61±3.76  respectively, while the SOD (pg/ml) levels were1530.37±80.4 and1851.4 9±93.65  respectively and the 8-iso-PGF2α (ng/ml ) levels were 40.16±3.31 and 30.16±2.34  difference of the mean were statistically significant (p value <0.05).                                                                                                                       

scholarly journals Isoprostanes: an overview and putative roles in pulmonary pathophysiology

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (6) ◽  
pp. L1067-L1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Isoprostanes are produced during peroxidation of membrane lipids by free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Initially, they were recognized as being valuable markers of oxidative stress, and in the past 10 years, dozens of disease states and experimental conditions with diverse etiologies have been shown to be associated with marked increases in urinary, plasma, and tissue levels of isoprostanes. However, they are not just mere markers; they evoke important biological responses on virtually every cell type found within the lung, and these responses exhibit compound-, tissue-, and species-related variations. In fact, the isoprostanes may mediate many of the features of the disease states for which they are used as indicators. In this review, I describe the chemistry, metabolism, and pharmacology of isoprostanes, with a particular emphasis on pulmonary cell types, and the possible roles of isoprostanes in pulmonary pathophysiology.

scholarly journals Imidacloprid - Induced Pathophysiological Damage in the Midgut of Locusta Migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamia M. El-Samad ◽  
Mohamed S. El-Gerbed ◽  
Hanaa S. Hussein ◽  
Justin Flaven-Pouchon ◽  
Abeer El Wakil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Beneficial Insects ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes

Abstract Neonicotinoids are modern insecticides widely used in agriculture worldwide. Their impact on target (nervous system) and non-target (midgut) tissues has been well studied in beneficial insects including honeybees. However, their effects on pest insects on the field are comparably rarely described. Here, we have studied the effects of the neonicotinoid imidacloprid on the midgut of the pest insect Locusta migratoria caught in the field. We found that in the midgut of imidacloprid-exposed locusts the activity of enzymes involved in reactive oxygen metabolism was perturbed. By contrast, the activity of P450 enzymes that have been shown to be activated in a detoxification response and that were also reported to produce reactive oxygen species was elevated. Probably as a consequence, markers of oxidative stress including protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation accumulated in midgut samples of these locusts. Histological analyses revealed that their midgut epithelium is disorganized and that the brush border of the epithelial cells is markedly reduced. Indeed, microvilli are significantly shorter, misshapen and possibly non-functional in imidacloprid-treated locusts. We hypothesize that imidacloprid induces oxidative stress in the locust midgut, thereby changing the shape of midgut epithelial cells and probably in turn compromising their physiological function. Presumably, these effects reduce the survival rate of imidacloprid-treated locusts and the damage they cause in the field.

scholarly journals Effect of an extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L., on oxidative stress induced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Franklin Pacheco Coello ◽  
Corymar Orosco-Vargas ◽  
María Peraza-Marrero ◽  
Ibis Pinto-Catari ◽  
Doralys Ramirez-Azuaje
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Scientific World

Hibiscus sabdariffa-based infusions or drinks are characterized by their high content of bioactive compounds that provide them with an antioxidant capacity that is of great interest in the scientific world. The research consisted in evaluating the antioxidant effect of an aqueous extract of H. sabdariffa, by inducing Saccharomyces cerevisiae to an oxidative stress due to the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The Folin-Ciocalteu method was used for the determination of total phenols in the extract. To evaluate the antioxidant capacity, the extract was diluted, a concentration of 4.5 106 cells/mL of S. cerevisiae was adjusted, and then aliquots of pure and diluted extract were added. Oxidative stress inhibition was observed in each of the assays with statistical difference, relative to the positive control. These results show that H. sabdariffa has an antioxidant capacity that favors the biological activity of S. cerevisiae, contributing to the decrease of the levels of reactive oxygen species and minimizing oxidative damage.

scholarly journals A difficult patient at a cosmetologist appointment: early lip changes in women smokers: causes, and methods of correction

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
M. A. Shirshakova ◽  
Elena A. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Difficult Patient ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

A smokers lips are more likely to change because of exposure to reactive oxygen species that contain oxygen in large quantities in tobacco smoke. Oxidative stress is a crucial factor in the development of smoking-related diseases, such as oral cancer, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. The damaging effect occurs because of the imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and their detoxification. Markers of oxidative stress include parameters of lipid peroxidation, the activity of glutathione and antioxidant enzymes, and oxidative DNA damage. The destruction of hyaluronic acid (HA), the only drug used to correct lip changes, in smokers is accelerated by its participation in reactions with active oxygen forms, and not just by pathemization because of enzymatic cleavage by hyaluronidase. Mannitol has strong antioxidant properties, which makes it an ideal auxiliary substance in the composition of fillers based on HA. The role of reactive oxygen species in the aging process and their effects on both endogenous HA and HA-based drugs developed for esthetic use are discussed. A review of drugs, based on mannitol with hyaluronic fillers, is provided. The inclusion of mannitol in hyaluronic fillers is an effective and safe way to improve both short-term and long-term esthetic effects of the HA injection.

scholarly journals Nutritional Compositions and In-vivo Antioxidant Effect of Corchorus olitorius Ethanol Leaf Extract in CCl4-induced Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Josiah Ndukwe ◽  
Antoinette N. C. Okaka ◽  
Victor Henry Azubuike Enemor ◽  
Uchechukwu Chibuzo Ogbodo ◽  
Precious Uchenna Ezeobi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
In Vivo Antioxidant Effect

Background: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various disease conditions with concomitant toll on the body’s defense mechanism against free radicals. To continuously sustain and support the efficiency of the body’s antioxidant defense system, natural plant sources are required. Thus, the need for alternative options especially of plants that are neglected and under-utilized. Hence, this study aimed at investigating the proximate and phytochemical compositions and in-vivo antioxidant effect of ethanol leaf extract of C. olitorius on antioxidant enzyme activities in CCl4-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty albino rats of Wistar strain (120-150g) were divided into six groups (A – F) of five rats each. Groups A, B and C served as test groups and were administered 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg doses of C. olitorius leaf extract respectively while Group D served as normal control. Groups E and F served as the positive and negative controls and were administered 50 mg/kg Silymarin and distilled water respectively. The administration lasted for 15 days after which blood was collected via cardiac puncture. Results: Findings showed that the leaf was rich in total phenol (21.47 ± 0.00 mgGAE/g) and tannin (23.34 ± 0.75 mgTAE/g) with little quantity of oxalate (0.48 ± 0.09 mg/g), cardiac glycosides (0.30 ± 0.07 %) and phytate (0.25 ± 0.01 %). The result of the proximate composition revealed that the leaf was rich in carbohydrate (44.16 ± 1.21 %), ash (20.31 ± 0.51 %) and protein (11.29 ± 2.06 %) with negligible quantity of lipid (0.46 ± 0.11 %). More so, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were all increased in the extract treated group when compared to the controls. Conclusion: From the above findings, it can be concluded that the ethanol leaf extract of C. olitorius may possess exploitable nutritional components and potential antioxidant activity against the debilitating effects of free radicals.

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