MAGNETO-ELECTRIC ENERGY CONVERTER OF SEA WAVES

To convert the energy of sea waves, the use of cylindrical (with a radial magnetic flux) three-phase magnetoelectric generators with a permanent magnet rotor using a mechanical gearbox to increase the rotor speed is considered. Given the real rotor motion, a mathematical model has been developed to calculate the distribution of magnetic fields in the gap of the generator, and functional dependences of the flux linkage of the winding and the electromagnetic moment of the generator on its design and the parameters of permanent magnets have been obtained. For the adopted design, the electromagnetic moment, the distribution of phase currents in the windings, the power and voltage of the generator are determined. A comparison is made of the energy performance of generators with a traditional float drive and using a ratchet to ensure one-sided rotation of the rotor. The expediency of using a ratchet generator to convert the energy of sea waves is considered. References 6, figures 7.

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A New Solution for Sea Wave Energy Harvesting, the Proposal of an Ironless Linear Generator

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse8020093 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 93 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Domenico Curto ◽

Alessia Viola ◽

Vincenzo Franzitta ◽

Marco Trapanese ◽

Fabio Cardona

Keyword(s):

Wave Energy ◽

Magnetic Force ◽

Vertical Motion ◽

Small Islands ◽

Sea Waves ◽

Energy Converter ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Linear Generator ◽

Three Phase ◽

Sea Wave

The paper investigates an innovative ironless linear generator, installable inside a wave energy converter, in order to produce electricity from sea waves. This energy source is considered strategic for the future, especially in small islands; however, this technology is still far from the commercial phase. Considering the wave energy potential of the Mediterranean Sea, a first prototype of the electrical linear generator was realized at the Department of Engineering of Palermo University. This machine can be run by a two-floating buoys system, able to produce a linear vertical motion. The main goal of this paper is the investigation of the advantages and the disadvantages of the utilization of steel materials to realize the stator of linear generators. Thus, starting from the prototype, the authors analyzed the effects produced by the replacement of steel in the stator with a non-magnetic material. For comparison, the authors evaluated the amplitude of no-load voltages, using a three-phase connection scheme, and the amplitude of the magnetic force produced by the interaction of magnets with the stator. Both aspects were evaluated through numerical simulations and mathematical models.

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Research of modular multilevel converter with phase-shifted pulse-width modulation

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202128005009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 280 ◽

pp. 05009

Author(s):

Ihor Kozakevych ◽

Roman Siyanko

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Pulse Width ◽

Output Voltage ◽

Pulse Width Modulation ◽

Electric Energy ◽

Point Of View ◽

Modular Multilevel Converter ◽

Multilevel Converter ◽

Energy Converter ◽

Circulating Current

The work is devoted to the study of performance of a multilevel electric energy converter using phase-shifted pulse-width modulation. Equations describing the state of a dynamic system multilevel converter - load are investigated and a mathematical model of the system in Matlab / Simulink environment has been constructed. Variants of implementation of phase-shifted pulse-width modulation systems from the point of view of influence on harmonics of output voltage and magnitude of circulating current in the converter are investigated.

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A Mathematical Model for Determination of Electric Energy Performance of Small Solar Chimney System in Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.804.341 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 804 ◽

pp. 341-344

Author(s):

Pongsak Jittabut

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Wind Speed ◽

Power Plant ◽

Thermal Energy ◽

Thermal Power ◽

Electric Energy ◽

Energy Performance ◽

Energy Output ◽

Solar Chimney ◽

Solar Chimney Power Plant

A solar chimney power plant is a simple solar thermal power plant that is capable of converting solar energy to thermal energy in the solar collectors. Then, the generated thermal energy is converted to kinetic energy in the chimney and ultimately to electric energy via a wind turbine and a generator. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of the solar chimney power plant in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand in terms of estimateion for the electric energy output. A mathematical model based on the energy balance was developed to estimate the power output of solar chimneys as well as to examine the effect of various ambient conditions and structural dimensions on the power generation. It was found that, the wind speed inside chimney reaches more than 2 times of the value of free wind speed outside the chimney. The solar chimney power plant with 10 m chimney height and 4 m chimney diameter is capable of yearly producing between 1,779-3,647 W and the performance of solar chimney in the range of 9-18% respectively. The highest performance of solar chimney (18%) was appeared in April. It can save the use of conventional sources of energy like oil and natural gas.

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RESEARCH OF INDICATORS OF A VEHICLE WITH A DIESEL WORKING ON DIESEL AND DIESEL GAS CYCLES USING THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL

Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny ◽

10.33868/0365-8392-2020-1-261-14-19 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 14-19

Author(s):

Serhii Kovbasenko ◽

Andriy Holyk ◽

Serhii Hutarevych

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Diesel Engine ◽

Environmental Performance ◽

Energy Performance ◽

Dual Fuel ◽

Fuel System ◽

Compressed Natural Gas ◽

Diesel Vehicles ◽

Diesel Cycle ◽

The Mathematical Model

The features of an advanced mathematical model of motion of a truck with a diesel engine operating on the diesel and diesel gas cycles are presented in the article. As a result of calculations using the mathematical model, a decrease in total mass emissions as a result of carbon monoxide emissions is observed due to a decrease in emissions of nitrogen oxides and emissions of soot in the diesel gas cycle compared to the diesel cycle. The mathematical model of a motion of a truck on a city driving cycle according to GOST 20306-90 allows to study the fuel-economic, environmental and energy indicators of a diesel and diesel gas vehicle. The results of the calculations on the mathematical model will make it possible to conclude on the feasibility of converting diesel vehicles to using compressed natural gas. Object of the study – the fuel-economic, environmental and energy performance diesel engine that runs on dual fuel system using CNG. Purpose of the study – study of changes in fuel, economic, environmental and energy performance of vehicles with diesel engines operating on diesel and diesel gas cycles, according to urban driving cycle modes. Method of the study – calculations on a mathematical model and comparison of results with road tests. Bench and road tests, results of calculations on the mathematical model of motion of a truck with diesel, working on diesel and diesel gas cycles, show the improvement of environmental performance of diesel vehicles during the converting to compressed natural gas in operation. Improvement of environmental performance is obtained mainly through the reduction of soot emissions and nitrogen oxides emissions from diesel gas cycle operations compared to diesel cycle operations. The results of the article can be used to further develop dual fuel system using CNG. Keywords: diesel engine, diesel gas engine, CNG

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MODELING SYSTEMS DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL USING А THREE-PHASE MATHEMATICAL MODEL

ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS ◽

10.15276/eltecs.22.98.2016.09 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (98) ◽

pp. 56-61

Author(s):

Vladislav A. Kosenko ◽

◽

Valeriy O. Kvashnin ◽

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Direct Torque Control ◽

Torque Control ◽

Modeling Systems ◽

Three Phase

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Modernization of Water Treatment System at Agricultural Enterprises Due to Introduction of Solar Energy

Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK ◽

10.22314/2658-4859-2020-67-1-142-147 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 142-147

Author(s):

Alina A. Aleksandrova ◽

Maksim S. Zhuzhin ◽

Yuliya M. Dulepova

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Solar Energy ◽

Energy Saving ◽

Electric Energy ◽

Solar Water Heater ◽

Water Heater ◽

Agricultural Enterprises ◽

Solar Water ◽

The Cost

Energy saving today is an integral part of the development strategy of agricultural organizations. Considerable attention is paid to the modernization and automation of technological processes in agricultural enterprises, which can improve the quality of work and reduce the cost of production. The direction of modernization is to reduce the consumption of electric energy by improving the water treatment system in livestock complexes. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to determine the potential of solar energy used in the Nizhny Novgorod region and to determine the possibility of its use for water heating in livestock complexes and to consider the cost-effectiveness of using a device to heat water through solar energy. (Materials and methods) Authors used an improved algorithm of Pixer and Laszlo, applied in the NASA project «Surface meteorology and Energy», which allows to calculate the optimal angle of inclination of the device for heating water. (Results and discussion) Designed a mock-up of a livestock complex with a solar water heater installed on the roof, protected by patent for invention No. 2672656. A mathematical model was designed experimentally to predict the results of the plant operation in non-described modes. (Conclusions) The article reveales the optimal capacity of the circulation pump. Authors have created a mathematical model of the device that allows to predict the water heating in a certain period of time. The article presents the calculations on the energy and economic efficiency of using a solar water heater. An electric energy saving of about 30 percent, in the economic equivalent of 35 percent.

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Energy and Greenhouse Gas Savings for LEED-Certified U.S. Office Buildings

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14030749 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 749

Author(s):

John H. Scofield ◽

Susannah Brodnitz ◽

Jakob Cornell ◽

Tian Liang ◽

Thomas Scofield

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Energy Use ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Electric Energy ◽

Building Energy ◽

Energy Performance ◽

Office Buildings ◽

Ghg Emission ◽

Site Energy ◽

New Construction

In this work, we present results from the largest study of measured, whole-building energy performance for commercial LEED-certified buildings, using 2016 energy use data that were obtained for 4417 commercial office buildings (114 million m2) from municipal energy benchmarking disclosures for 10 major U.S. cities. The properties included 551 buildings (31 million m2) that we identified as LEED-certified. Annual energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission were compared between LEED and non-LEED offices on a city-by-city basis and in aggregate. In aggregate, LEED offices demonstrated 11% site energy savings but only 7% savings in source energy and GHG emission. LEED offices saved 26% in non-electric energy but demonstrated no significant savings in electric energy. LEED savings in GHG and source energy increased to 10% when compared with newer, non-LEED offices. We also compared the measured energy savings for individual buildings with their projected savings, as determined by LEED points awarded for energy optimization. This analysis uncovered minimal correlation, i.e., an R2 < 1% for New Construction (NC) and Core and Shell (CS), and 8% for Existing Euildings (EB). The total measured site energy savings for LEED-NC and LEED-CS was 11% lower than projected while the total measured source energy savings for LEED-EB was 81% lower than projected. Only LEED offices certified at the gold level demonstrated statistically significant savings in source energy and greenhouse gas emissions as compared with non-LEED offices.

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Research the Test Method of the Voltage Transformer Secondary Load in the Three-Phase Three-Wire Electric Energy Metering Device

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.3110 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 687-691 ◽

pp. 3110-3115

Author(s):

Gu Li ◽

Zi Ming Fu ◽

Jie Feng Yan ◽

Bing Wen Li ◽

Zhi Rong Cen

Keyword(s):

Power Supply System ◽

Electric Energy ◽

Test Methods ◽

Test Method ◽

Testing Methods ◽

Voltage Transformer ◽

Secondary Load ◽

Three Phase ◽

Energy Metering ◽

Definition Of

This paper analyzes and studies the definition of the voltage transformer secondary load, examines the practical purposes of the measured values of the voltage transformer secondary load, and presents a variety of testing methods to analyze and compare the differences. This paper gives the test methods of the voltage transformer secondary load when the connection of the voltage transformer is the Y / Y in a three-phase three-wire power supply system, filling the blank of this type of test method in the industry. When other units within the industry carry out such work, the conclusions of this paper are available for reference, and the conclusions of this paper can be referred when drafting relevant regulations in the future.

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Research on Jobshop Scheduling Problem with Energy Consumption

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.2071 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 314-316 ◽

pp. 2071-2075

Author(s):

Jia Hai Wang ◽

Wen Tao Gong

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Processing Time ◽

Electric Energy ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Load Shifting ◽

Electric Energy Consumption ◽

Jobshop Scheduling ◽

Time Division ◽

The Mathematical Model

Discrete machine manufacture enterprises have to induce new low-carbon manufacturing model in order to solve a dilemma of mutual restraint between development and electric energy consumption. The paper presents an approach to solve JSP with the objective of minimizing the energy consumption by shortening the distance between electricity peak and valley according to theory of load shifting in electricity. The mathematical model is proposed for JSP with objective of minimizing the energy consumption and processing time of entire batch, then the idea of time division is introduced, and a solving method based on GA built-in eM-Plant is employed to verify the model and get satisfactory scheduling results.Discrete machine manufacture enterprises have to induce new low-carbon manufacturing model in order to solve a dilemma of mutual restraint between development and electric energy consumption. The paper presents an approach to solve JSP with the objective of minimizing the energy consumption by shortening the distance between electricity peak and valley according to theory of load shifting in electricity. The mathematical model is proposed for JSP with objective of minimizing the energy consumption and processing time of entire batch, then the idea of time division is introduced, and a solving method based on GA built-in eM-Plant is employed to verify the model and get satisfactory scheduling results.

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