scholarly journals The Professor G. De-Metz’s Contribution to the Development of Physical Science in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 819
Author(s):  
M.V. Gutnyk ◽  
E.E. Tverytnykova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Science ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Major Work ◽  
Master's Thesis ◽  
Kyiv Polytechnic Institute ◽  
Teaching Physics

The contribution of Professor Georgy De-Metz to the development of physical science in Ukraine is highlighted. The information about the childhood of the future scientist is given and his formation as a scientist is shown. He was extensively involved in physics under the guidance of F. Shvedov and M. Umov. The head of his master’s thesis was Professor A. Kundt. After the publication of the discovery of X-rays by Roentgen, G. De-Metz not only repeated the experiments of the German colleague, but also put new ones. In particular, he investigated the influence of various physical factors on obtaining the clear photographs of this radiation. The scientist managed to make clear pictures of frogs with an image of the internal organs. He also explored the possibility of using X-rays in medicine. In the early twentieth century, he published his first major work on radioactivity “Doctrine of the radioactivity and radioactive substances”, in which the scientist described the physical basics of radioactivity in detail. The researcher examined the radium content in water and flora from the pond of the Kyiv Botanical garden. Using the results of the studies G. De-Metz concluded that some types of living tissue were able to absorb and even concentrate radium from water and the environment. In his work “Radioactivity and the structure of matter,” not only a historical review of the development of the doctrine of radioactivity was made, but also the new experimental works of the author were represented. He analyzed 68 various minerals of uranium. G. De-Metz described the picture of the geographical distribution of radioactive minerals and identified the richest deposits of uranium ore at that time. In addition to his scientific work, the scientist was a well-known methodist. It was he who, in the 1920s, developed a method of teaching physics in institutes of Ukraine. It is reported that the scientist in a different period of time was the head of the physical department at various institutions of higher education. Moreover, he was even the Rector of the St. Volodymyr University, Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, and Kuban University.

History Page: Leaders in MSK Radiology

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 274-276
Author(s):  
Franz Kainberger ◽  
Daniela Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Oncology ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Kienböck’S Disease ◽  
Kienböck's Disease ◽  
Kienbock’S Disease

AbstractRobert Kienböck (1871–1953) may be regarded as one of the first musculoskeletal radiologists who began his clinical and scientific work 2 years after the discovery of X-rays. He lent his name to Kienböck's disease, a traumatic malacia and osteonecrosis of the lunate, and to several other eponyms of diseases, devices, and parameters in radiology and radiation oncology. With his meticulous analysis of radiographic images of the highest quality, he anticipated many theories that were proposed in later decades.

Physical science and archaeology

Antiquity ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 46 (182) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
J. A. Charles
Keyword(s):  
Physical Science ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Biological Science ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Major Work ◽  
Research Techniques ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Major Review

In recent years the important role that scientific research techniques can play in archaeological investigations has become increasingly recognized. An early major review on the whole subject of both physical and biological science in archaeology by D. Brothwell and E. S. Higgs was revised in 1967 and represents the major work in this field. More recently, much of the effort in physical sciences has also been admirably reviewed by Tite (1970). This present paper also seeks to outline the ways in which physical science has contributed to archaeological discovery, with particular emphasis on recent developments known to the author.

scholarly journals Methodology of The Initial Stage of The Preparation of The Master’s Thesis on Criminal Law

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Pleshakov ◽  
Gennadiy S. Shkabin
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Master's Thesis ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Goals And Objectives

The modern legal system of any state imposes high requirements to specialists in this field, primarily related to the use of large amounts of information in the work. In this regard, the scientific work of students, aimed at forming the need for research activities, becomes particularly relevant. One of its final stages is the preparation of a master’s thesis. Scientific and pedagogical experience of the authors allows stating that the majority of applicants face difficulties in choosing and justifying the topic of the research. The article considers methodological approaches to determining the boundaries and the volume of study of the material, its generalization, and formulation of the title of the thesis. The mechanisms of determination of social conditionality, elaboration, object, and subject of the forthcoming dissertation on criminal law are investigated. The objectives are to pro-vide the reader with an accessible mechanism for selecting the topic of scientific work, justifying its relevance, methodology, and setting goals and objectives. Results of work are expressed in the identification of methodological problems that arise in the course of writing the master’s thesis, as well as recommendations on the organization of the initial stage of the thesis preparation.

scholarly journals Xeroradiography: Stagnated after a Promising Beginning? A Historical Review

2010 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 095-099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher I Udoye ◽  
Hamid Jafarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Dark Room

ABSTRACTVarious methods have been introduced for obtaining radiographs. Xeroradiography which is a method of imaging uses the xeroradiographic copying process to record images produced by diagnostic x-rays. It differs from halide film technique in that it involves neither wet chemical processing nor the use of dark room. Literature on this subject is scarce. After an initial promising beginning, this imaging method, once thought to hold the key to endodontic imaging, got stagnated. A revisit of this promising endodontic imaging system would therefore be appropriate. The purpose of this study was to review xeroradiographic technique as a roentgenographic imaging system. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:95-99)

scholarly journals X-Rays in Physical Science

Nature ◽  
1919 ◽  
Vol 104 (2610) ◽  
pp. 235-237
Author(s):  
W. H. BRAGG
Keyword(s):  
Physical Science ◽  
X Rays

scholarly journals The First Ethnomusical Publications by Volodymyr Hoshovskyi

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Vira Madyar-Novak
Keyword(s):  
Folk Music ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Folk Song ◽  
Scientific Career ◽  
Scientific Biography ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
First Time

Relevance of the study. In 2022, the world community will celebrate the 100th anniversary of the outstanding Ukrainian ethnomusicologist Volodymyr Hoshovskyi. This date inspires a research of Hoshovskyi’s scientific career and his achievements. The main purpose of the study is to focus on less known period of scientific biography of V. Hoshovskyi and discuss his first ethnomusicological publications in 1958–1961, written in Transcarpathia in the early period of his scientific career. Scientific novelty of the research. V. Hoshovskyi’s early publications are considered in a new perspective. For the first time, the links between his four first published works have been revealed. Some of the publications have not yet been deeply analyzed in Ukrainian ethnomusicology. The main results and conclusions of the study. The study proved that not only a few, as was thought previously, but all early publications of V. Hoshovskyi discuss the issues of musical dialectology. The study «On the issue of musical dialects of Transcarpathia» (1958) became the first study on this problem. Taking into account the geographical landscape and stylistic heterogeneity of the folk music of the region, the scientist sketched out the main groups of musical dialects. The article «Some peculiarities of the historical development of Ukrainian folk song in Transcarpathia» (1959) touched upon the aspects of history influencing the formation of musical dialects and revealed such aspects as 1) the East Slavic origin of Transcarpathian music; 2) the processes of assimilation during the thousand years of Hungarian expansion, 3) contacts between inhabitants of the multinational Austria and Hungary. The issue of the influence of Czech and Slovak folklore on folk songs of Transcarpathia V. Hoshovskyi considered separately in the publication «Czech and Slovak songs in Ukrainian folklore of the Transcarpathian region of the Ukrainian SSR» (Prague, 1961; 1962, in Czech), thereby completing a historical review of multinational influences on folk music of Transcarpathia. The key role for the further Hoshovskyi scientific work had the article «Musical archaisms and their dialectal features in Transcarpathia» (1960), dedicated to the development of the methodology of musical and dialectical research. The innovative approach of V. Hoshovskyi consisted in a combination of achievements in related sciences: linguo-geography and ethnomusicology and was associated with a great rise in linguodialectic research in Transcarpathia. Thus, the early publications of V. Hoshovskyi identified the object of research, the reasons for the formation of musical dialects and outlined the methodology for their study. These studies reflected the stage of the formation of V. Hoshovskyi as a scientist, and in a broader sense – the first steps of Ukrainian ethnomusicology towards the development of musical dialectology.

scholarly journals Master’s thesis – a tool for professional development? Teachers’ experiences from Finnish teacher education

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-92
Author(s):  
Gunilla Eklund ◽  
Jessica Aspfors ◽  
Sven-Erik Hansén
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Subject Knowledge ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Teachers Experiences ◽  
Master's Thesis ◽  
One Year

This study aims to investigate teachers’ experiences regarding their master’s theses directly after finishing teacher education and after one year in the profession. Previous research exposes the field as problematising the relationship between teachers’ independent scientific work and their professional qualification. Healey’s (2005) model, characterising four distinctions between research and teaching, provides a frame for analysing the theoretical concepts used in the present study. In this empirical study, 18 teachers were interviewed twice, immediately after completion of teacher education and after one year in the profession. The qualitative content analysis results in three themes characterising the teachers’ experiences with their master’s theses, focusing on their learning experiences and their relation to the teaching profession. These themes are subject knowledge, research-related knowledge and self-knowledge. The results show that the master’s thesis can be perceived as a tool for developing teachers’ knowledge, yet there is a need to facilitate the integration of their knowledge into their daily work and its relevance for the school community.

scholarly journals Taylor White's ‘paper museum’ (1725–1772): understanding the scientific work of an unpublished naturalist

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline M. Stantina
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Major Work ◽  
The World ◽  
Historiography Of Science ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Rare Books

From approximately his election as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1725 to his death in 1772, as the London barrister Taylor White (1701–1772) moved up the legal ladder, he commissioned, gathered, and organized a tremendous collection of zoological paintings now held in the Blacker Wood Collection of McGill University Rare Books and Archives. As White did not publish any major work during his lifetime, he has been substantially ignored in the historiography of science. By investigating the considerable painting compilation available in the collection, this article aims to understand White's scientific practice as a naturalist, working primarily from non-textual primary sources. The taxonomical work comprises the global arrangement of the plates, and the referencing practice, as well as the limited correspondence available on the English barrister, and these help to position the anonymous Taylor White within the world of naturalists at that time.

scholarly journals Vasyl Kapustyan (1942–2020) of blessed memory

2020 ◽  
Vol 87-88 ◽  
pp. 119-121
Author(s):  
Marina Gaidarzhy ◽  
Vitaliy Kolomiychuk ◽  
Vira Nikitina ◽  
Natalia Belemets
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Series Introduction ◽  
Garden History ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
National University ◽  
International Scientific Journal

The article represents the scientific achievements and work of a Ukrainian botanist, candidate of agricultural sciences, director of the O.V. Fomin Botanical Garden (1987–2006, 2008–2012), Vasyl Kapustyan, who died on August 19, 2020, after a long illness.Vasyl Kapustyan was born on July 24, 1942. In 1965 he graduated from the Ukrainian Agricultural Academy, and in 1972 received the degree of candidate of agricultural sciences. Since 1974, the work of Vasyl Kapustyan was associated with the O.V. Fomin Botanical Garden, where he served in 1975–1987 as deputy director and head of the sector of tropical and subtropical plants, in 1987–1997 – as director and head of the sector of tropical and subtropical plants, and from 1997 – exclusively as director of the Botanical Garden.The scientific work of Vasyl Kapustyan was related to the introduction of tropical and subtropical plants, their conservation, and rational use. He was the author of over 80 scientific articles and monographs, the last of which was dedicated to the 180th anniversary of the botanical garden. Since the founding of the series “Introduction and Conservation of Plant Diversity” of the “Bulletin of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv”, Vasyl Kapustyan was its editor-in-chief. He was also a member of the Academic Councils of Kyiv University and Faculty of Biology, chairman of the Academic Council of the Botanical Garden, a member of the Bureau of the Council of Botanical Gardens of Ukraine, and a member of the editorial board of the international scientific journal “Plant Introduction”. He was the founder and scientific director of the Museum of the Botanical Garden History, which opened in 2004.

scholarly journals Richard Kondratovich (1932–2017) – a scientist and rhododendron breeder

VAVILOVIA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-52
Author(s):  
S. V. Shevchuk
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
State University ◽  
Doctoral Thesis ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The University ◽  
Biological Taxa ◽  
Taking Care

Richard Yazepovich Kondratovich was born in southeastern Latvia in the Saules Kalnes hamlet bordering Belarus. His father was the senior forester Yazep Kondratovich, and his mother Antonina was engaged in raising children, taking care of a big household and working part‑time in a local orphanage. In the period from 1939 to 1950 Richard went to school. From 1950 to 1955, he studied at the P. Stuchka Latvian State University (LSU). After graduating from the university, Richard Kondratovich was appointed director of the Botanical Garden of Latvian State University. In 1957, Richard started his  scientific  work  on  representatives  of  the  genus Rhododendron.  In  1964,  he  defended  his  Ph.D. thesis  on  the  topic  «Introduction  of  rhododendrons  in  the  Latvian  SSR».  In  1981,  two  books  by R. Kondratovich dedicated to rhododendrons were published in Russian. They aroused great inter‑est in this plant and have not lost their significance until now. In 1983, R. Kondratovich defended his doctoral thesis on the topic «Rhododendrons in the Latvian SSR». R. Kondratovich left the position of Director of the Botanical Garden in 1965 and later switched to teaching. Since 1957, R. Kondratovich has  been  carrying  out  research  in  rhododendron  breeding,  which  expanded  significantly  after  the opening of the «Babite» Rhododendron Breeding and Experimental Nursery. It covered an area of 12.1  hectares  and  was  officially  opened  on  July  1,  1980.  In  2018,  there  were  already  117  registered author’s varieties and 76 biological taxa (species and their forms) in the Nursery. The fruitful work was interrupted in February 2017 by illness. Richard Kondratovich passed away on February 17, 2017.

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