scholarly journals PENCEGAHAN, PERLINDUNGAN DAN PENANGANAN KEKERASAN TERHADAP ANAK DAN REMAJA

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Ulfah Farida Kustanty
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Curative Action ◽  
Role Of Parents

Abstract. This article is motivated by violence that occurs in children and adolescents who can negatively influence if not sought and anticipated factors that influence it. In general, this article aims to identify and analyze the prevention, protection and treatment of violence against children and adolescents. Violence is an act committed by a person or a number of people who are strongly positioned to a person or a number of people who are weak (weak/weak), whose means of strength, both physically and non-physically deliberately committed to cause suffering to the object of violence. What makes children vulnerable to violence are: unharmed families, parents who abuse addictive substances or suffer mental disorders, neglect or neglect, inappropriate or aggressive behavior in the classroom, fail or be less accountable to schools, limited social skills and join friends who use alcohol or drugs or participate in other risky behaviors. Actions that can be done include: Preventive action, educative action, curative action and rehabilitative action. In this issue the role of parents, community, and government is very important to make children and adolescents physically and mentally healthy and able to live in society appropriately.Abstrak. Artikel ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kekerasan yang terjadi pada anak dan remaja yang dapat berpengaruh negatif jika tidak dicari dan diantisipasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Secara umum artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pencegahan, perlindungan dan penanganan kekerasan terhadap anak dan remaja. Kekerasan adalah suatu tindakan yang dilakukan oleh seseorang atau sejumlah orang yang berposisi kuat (merasa kuat) kepada seseorang atau sejumlah orang yang berposisi lemah (dipandang lemah/ dilemahkan), yang dengan sarana kekuatannya, baik secara fisik maupun non-fisik dengan sengaja dilakukan untuk menimbulkan penderitaan kepada obyek kekerasan. Yang menyebabkan anak rentan menjadi korban kekerasan adalah : keluarga yang tidak harmonis, orang tua yang menyalahgunakan zat adiktif atau menderita gangguan mental, pengabaian atau penelantaran, perilaku tak pantas atau agresif di kelas, gagal atau kurang bertanggung jawab pada sekolah, kecakapan sosial yang terbatas dan ikut teman yang menggunakan alkohol atau narkoba atau ikut serta dalam perilaku yang beresiko lainnya. Tindakan yang dapat dilakukan diantaranya adalah : tindakan Preventif, tindakan edukatif, tindakan kuratif dan tindakan rehabilitatif. Dalam permasalahan ini peran orang tua, masyarakat, dan Pemerintah sangatlah penting untuk menjadikan anak dan remaja sehat fisik dan mental dan dapat hidup di masyarakat dengan sewajarnya. 

scholarly journals Education in European cinema and society’s exclusion of the young

Comunicar ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (35) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Martínez-Salanova-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
European Cinema ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Children Education ◽  
Made In

This article analyses the portrayal of education in European cinema from the perspective of systems of education and the behaviour of teachers and pupils in the classroom. Since its very beginnings, cinema has played a significant role in forming the collective European memory, and has cast a critical eye over pedagogy and didactics, especially with regard to young outcasts. The article reviews a number of films whose subject is education, the classroom and the role of parents and teachers in educating children. Education and children is a recurring theme in European cinema, which examines its subject from a critical viewpoint that is sometimes satirical and occasionally savage. The exclusion, marginalization, neglect and manipulation of children and adolescents, and the abuse and merciless severity of certain educational systems are all part of the collective European memory thanks to the condemnation of some of the best films ever made in the continent. They ask pointed questions about educational systems, the behaviour of teachers and inadequate didactics, as well as tackling the conflicts in a multiethnic society. Analizar el cine europeo desde una perspectiva educativa y en cuanto a sus sistemas educativos y la vida en las aulas de profesores y alumnos, es el objeto de este trabajo. El cinematógrafo, desde sus comienzos, ha tenido una gran influencia en el establecimiento de la memoria colectiva europea, en especial, en la visión crítica que aporta al mundo de la pedagogía y la didáctica, que ha tratado casi desde sus inicios, en particular hacia los menores y adolescentes marginados. Se citan brevemente y se presentan una serie de films que tienen que ver con la educación, las aulas, el rol de maestros, profesores, padres y educadores en relación con los niños… temas que han sido recurrentes en el cine europeo, expuesto en su mayor parte de forma crítica, y en ocasiones, de manera satírica o con excepcional dureza. La exclusión, la marginalidad y el abandono, la manipulación de niños y adolescentes, los malos tratos y la dureza despiadada de algunos sistemas educativos… forman parte de la memoria colectiva de Europa, con la ayuda de algunas denuncias del mejor cine que se han realizado en el Continente. Se plantean así agudos interrogantes sobre la educación, los sistemas educativos, los comportamientos de maestros y profesores y la escasez de didácticas adecuadas, así como los conflictos en una sociedad multiétnica.

Pediatric ECT

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Fink MD
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Repetitive Behavior ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Depressive Syndromes

The role of ECT in the treatment of adolescents and children is not well understood. The experience is limited and poorly documented, especially in pre-pubescent children. For much of the twentieth century, child and adolescent psychiatrists believed that the mental disorders of children and adolescents are psychologically, not biologically, determined. Psychological attitudes and family interactions were considered the cause of the pathology of the disorders. In the past two decades interest has shifted to biological causes and treatments. Depression and mania, autism, anorexia nervosa, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are now recognized in children and adolescents with increasing frequency. These shifts in attitude encourage greater interest in medication trials, and with these, increasing tolerance for trials with ECT. The renewed interest in the role of ECT in pediatric patients was shown at a 1994 conference when experts reported an additional 62 case reports beyond the 94 that had been described in publications. Patients between 14 and 20 years of age with major depressive syndromes, delirious mania, catatonia, or acute delusional psychoses had been successfully treated with ECT, usually after other treatments had failed. No reports of harm to age-related faculties, such as impaired maturation, growth, and the capacity to learn, were presented. On the contrary, the resolution of their mental disorders encouraged the young people to complete school and continue their education. No adjustments to the adult ECT protocol were required except that close attention was given to energy dosing. Adolescents require very little energy to induce an effective seizure. No reporter described instances of uncontrolled seizures. Some clinicians, faced with seriously ill adolescents with features that would encourage ECT if the features were seen in adults, now recommend ECT. Examples of the successful treatment of melancholia, psychosis, mania, and catatonia dot the literature. Efficacy is reported in patients with severe mental retardation and in those with self-injurious repetitive behavior and catatonia grafted onto various forms of autism. These reports are sufficiently encouraging to loosen the usual injunctions against the use of ECT in adolescents. In 2004, the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry offered official practice guidelines for the use of ECT in adolescents that closely follow the guidelines for treatment in adults.

scholarly journals Gaming among Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Lockdown: The Role of Parents in Time Spent on Video Games and Gaming Disorder Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6642
Author(s):  
Maria Anna Donati ◽  
Cristiana Alessia Guido ◽  
Giuliano De Meo ◽  
Alberto Spalice ◽  
Francesco Sanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
European Country ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Video Gaming ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Role Of Parents

It is mainly children and adolescents who are involved in video gaming. The lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic may have further increased their use of video games and, consequently, the risk of gaming disorder (GD) symptoms. However, currently, we do not have exhaustive knowledge of this issue. To fill this gap, the current study aims to analyze video gaming habits in children and adolescents during the lockdown, starting in March 2020 in Italy, the first European country affected by the pandemic. Specifically, we aim to understand how variables related to parents—for instance, knowledge of their offspring’s life, the monitoring of their video gaming habits, and parental use of video games—are related to their offspring’s time spent on video games and GD symptoms. A web-based survey involving parents (n = 554, 79% mothers, mean age = 45.39) of 554 children and adolescents (73% males, mean age = 11.11) was utilized. The results showed that they were involved in video games, particularly boys and adolescents, with high rates of GD symptoms. The parents also spent a considerable amount of time playing video games. A path model that explained the mechanisms through which parental variables were related to their offspring’s time spent on video games and GD symptoms, controlling for gender and age, was verified. Overall, the findings indicate the importance of educating parents to behave effectively with respect to video games and monitor their offspring’s video gaming habits.

scholarly journals PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU SEKSUAL BERESIKO REMAJA TERHADAP KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI DI SMK X KECAMATAN KEBON JERUK JAKARTA BARAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Erina Windiany Nurzaman
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescent Reproductive Health ◽  
Role Of Teachers ◽  
Role Of Parents

 AbstrakPerilaku beresiko pada remaja dikaitkan dengan fenomena masalah kesehatan reproduksi remaja yang terjadi saat ini, seperti meningkatnya jumlah perilaku seks remaja yang diikuti oleh meningkatnya jumlah aborsi setiap tahun, serta meningkatnya pengguna narkoba dan infeksi HIV. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan perilaku beresiko di kalangan remaja terhadap kesehatan reproduksi dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional yang dilakukan di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan X di Kecamatan Kebon Jeruk Jakarta Barat, Indonesia. Sampel penelitian menggunakan total sampel sebanyak 350 siswa, analisa data menggunakan uji Kai Kuadrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang rendah tentang kesehatan reproduksi. Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna pada variabel peran orangtua (p=0,034), peran teman sebaya (p=0,001), peran Guru (p=0,009), akses informasi (p=0,001) dengan pengetahuan siswa terhadap kesehatan reproduksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa mempunyai perilaku yang beresiko terhadap kesehatan reproduksi. Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna pada variabel jenis kelamin (p=0,001) dan peran Guru (p=0,041) dengan perilaku beresiko remaja terhadap kesehatan reproduksi. Kurikulum mengenai kesehatan reproduksi remaja dan peran aktif orang tua dan guru dapat mencegah perilaku berisiko pada masa remaja. Kata Kunci : kesehatan reproduksi, remaja, pengetahuan, perilaku ABSTRACTRisky behaviors in adolescence are associated with the adolescent reproductive health problems phenomenon that happened nowadays, such as the increasing numbers of sex behavior followed by the increasing number of abortions each year also the increasing of drug use and HIV infections. This study aimed to determine knowledge and risk behaviors among adolescents for reproductive health and the factors that affected. Cross-sectional design was carried out on vocational high school students in Kebon Jeruk sub-district West Jakarta, Indonesia. A total  sample of  350 students was included in the study. The data were analyzed using chi square test. This study showed that the students have a low level of knowledge about reproductive health. There was a significant correlation in the role of parents (p = 0.034), the role of  friends (0.001), the role of teachers (p = 0.009),the  information access (p=0.001) with adolescent’s knowledge about reproductive health. This study showed that the students have risk behaviors to reproductive health. There was a significant correlation in gender (p = 0.001), the role of teachers (p=0.041) with risky behaviors in adolescence toward  reproductive health. Adolescent reproductive health curriculum and the active role of parents and teachers might prevent risky behaviors in adolescence. Keywords: reproductive health, adolescent, knowledge, behavior

scholarly journals Does Gadget Usage Hamper the Psychological Aspects of Pre-Schoolers?

2018 ◽  
pp. 264-285
Author(s):  
Hon Kai Yee ◽  
Chua Bee Seok ◽  
Shazia Iqbal Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Preschool Teachers ◽  
Lesson Planning ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Role Of Parents

The society is keen to rely on gadgets in everyday life due to versatile gadgets that help them to connect with the world in the 21st century. On the flip side of using gadgets, several researches argued that screen time is affecting children's psychosocial, behavioural and health problems. The present study interviewed 14 preschool teachers to perceive their knowledge in gadget usage, sedentary behaviour and social skills among preschoolers. Besides that, teaching methods and teachers' opinions on gadget usage were also discussed. Inductive analysis (IA) revealed that parents habitually offer children gadgets at home. Also, the teachers expressed a positive opinion on gadget usage where preschoolers simply learn from media and gadget's applications. However, the teachers asserted that usage time needs to be controlled and the amount of usage depends on the role of parents and teachers. Teachers' attitude and habits were found to be moderate in lesson planning and improving the social skills of preschoolers but minimal for addressing their sedentary behaviour.

The Moderating Role of Resilience Resources and Sense of Belonging to the School Among Children and Adolescents in Continuous Traumatic Stress Situations

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1261-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orit Nuttman-Shwartz
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
War Zone ◽  
Major Response ◽  
Moderating Role

In the article, we propose a comprehensive model, which aims to enhance understanding of the contribution of sense of fear as a major response to continuous traumatic stress situations, and which addresses contextual factors as potential moderators of psychological distress and aggressive behavior. The research sample consisted of 1,290 children and adolescents living near a war zone, who filled out questionnaires relating to negative psychological consequences, as well as to the role of sense of fear, resilience resources, and sense of belonging to the school in mediating or moderating those consequences. The findings revealed that the direct effect of fear reactions on negative psychological consequences may vary with different levels of these moderators. The study highlights the role of the school as a substantial source of support for children and adolescents, which can lead to reduced levels of psychological distress and aggressive behavior.

scholarly journals The role of education in the socialization of children and adolescents with mental disorders

Psychiatry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Mazaeva ◽  
◽  
Alla G. Golovina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents

scholarly journals Proactive and reactive aggressive behavior in bullying: The role of values

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Jara ◽  
Jose A. Casas ◽  
Rosario Ortega-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
The Social

The study of violence and bullying in schools is a line of scientific research that has contributed significantly to knowledge on human aggressiveness, especially in children and adolescents. This article shows that there are two patterns of aggressive behavior: proactive and reactive. Both are present in bullying, as are other psychological aspects pertaining to the individuals involved, such as basic personality traits, self-esteem and values. This study links both proactive and reactive behavioral patterns to involvement and non-involvement in school bullying. The results reveal that basic personality traits, such as neuroticism, have a direct impact on proactive and reactive bullying, as do the social and individual dimensions of self-esteem and social and moral values. These findings confirm that variables relating to personal and social values are, in turn, related to proactive and reactive aggressive behavior in bullying for those involved and not involved in bullying. However, they also highlight that while aggressors engage in more proactive aggressive behavior, reactive aggression is more frequent among victims. 

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF TEACHERS IN PREVENTING JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN SMA NEGERI 4 SURABAYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luluk Utami
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Curative Action ◽  
Role Of Teachers

Abstract: This research aimed to describe and analyze critically about the role of religious teachers in overcoming juvenile delinquency students of SMA Negeri 4 Surabaya. The research was a qualitative research. The data collection conducted by conducting observation, interview and documentation. The data analysis in accordance with descriptive research conducted with induction mindset. The results showed: (1) The role of religious teachers against juvenile students is very good, because juvenile students needed the role of adults in shaping noble and good personality to avoid delinquency in big cities (2) some kind of delinquency conducted by SMA Negeri 4 Surabaya students included disobedient to parents and teachers, skipping school, and how to wear the uniform dressing less polite (3) The role of religious teachers in preventing juvenile delinquency was very important, religious teachers in preventing juvenile delinquency work together with teachers who as counseling guidance (BK) and the principal of SMA Negeri 4 Surabaya and community leaders, by doing preventive action, repressive and curative action. Keywords: Role, Religious Teacher, Juvenile, Delinquency 

scholarly journals Mental Health in Childhood and Adolescence: The Role of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
Paola Bozzatello ◽  
Cecilia Blua ◽  
Paola Rocca ◽  
Silvio Bellino
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
The Impact

There is increasing awareness of the importance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for optimal brain development and function. In recent decades, researchers have confirmed the central role of PUFAs in a variety of patho-physiological processes. These agents modulate the mechanisms of brain cell signalling including the dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways. Therefore, nutritional insufficiencies of PUFAs may have adverse effects on brain development and developmental outcomes. The role of n-3 PUFAs has been studied in several psychiatric disorders in adulthood: schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorders, eating disorders, substance use disorder, and borderline personality disorder. In contrast to the great number of studies conducted in adults, there are only limited data on the effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation in children and adolescents who suffer from mental disorders or show a high risk of developing psychiatric disorders. The aim of this review is to provide a complete and updated account of the available evidence of the impact of polyunsaturated fatty acids on developmental psychopathology in children and adolescents and the effect of fatty acid supplementation during developmental milestones, particularly in high-risk populations of children with minimal but detectable signs or symptoms of mental disorders.

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