A Payment System for Regional Transport Services by Blockchain with IC Card and the Application for Transaction Settlement of Local Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 141 (8) ◽  
pp. 903-908
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Hata ◽  
Sho Teramoto
Keyword(s):  
Payment System ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Ic Card ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Transport Services

scholarly journals Scenarios of increasing the econo­mic efficiency of the Kaliningrad regional transport system

Baltic Region ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-72
Author(s):  
Ivan S. Gumenyuk ◽  
Ksenia Yu. Voloshenko ◽  
Ksenia Yu. Voloshenko
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Sea Transport ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Kaliningrad Region

The development of the considerable transport and logistics potential of the Kaliningrad region is hampered by several factors. This problem, to which we will refer to as a transport deadlock effect, translates into the limited contribution of transport to the regional economy. Particularly, it manifests itself at the level of regional gross value added, where the contribu­tion of transport is much smaller than one might expect given the significant role the industry plays in the economy of the region. In this study, we examine major ways of increasing the economic efficiency of the regional transport system from the value added perspective. We posit that the structure of cargo handled and the redistribution of value added in favour of regional actors have the dominant influence on economic efficiency. Using our own simula­tion model and the earlier developed system of transport tariffs and value added calculation for the Kaliningrad region, we produce scenarios and consider changes in value added in the case of selected cargoes carrying intermediate, investment, and consumer goods (as defined in the International Classification for Broad Economic Categories ICT BEC-4). Our calcula­tions show that higher value added and greater economic efficiency of a regional transport system are associated with re-orientation towards investment and consumer goods. The most visible effect is associated with rail and road transport. As to sea transport, the decisive role is played by an increase in the physical volume of cargo handled. The results of this study and its modelling tools can be applied in the analysis of the current situation and in the assess­ment of the efficiency of transport systems in other regions. Another possible application is the identification of growth conditions for an industry, particularly, when developing projects and proposals for increasing the efficiency of transport services.

scholarly journals Analysis of the current state and trends of the development of transport and logistical service of domestic industrial enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
B. Kernychnyi ◽  
S. Radynskyy
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Logistics Enterprises ◽  
Transport Logistics

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the state and current problems of transport and logistics services of domestic enterprises under current conditions of strategic priorities and tasks aimed at achieving the comprehensive effect. The subject of the paper is the transport-logistics system as a sophisticated multifunctional complex, serving the demands of the population and industry entities of the business environment. The objective of this investigation is to identify trends in the development of regional transport and logistics systems based on the analysis of statistical and financial and economic indicators of transport services and the conditions of their implementation. The research hypothesis is based on the assumption that the functional-targeted approach to the formation of transport and logistics systems dominates, corresponding to the scientific ideas about the priority role of demand and taking into account the patterns of requirements for quality characteristics of transport services: safety, speed, service technology and payment, insurance. The results of the work are the analysis of financial and economic indicators of transport logistics. The authors carried out the comparative analysis of indices of the transport industry according to the main activities over the past 10 years, investigated the volume of cargo turnover of transport logistics enterprises, identified the main trends in the volume of cargo transportation. It should be noted that the important issue today is to maintain the strategic balance between the introduction of necessary restrictions, on the one hand, and simultaneous support of regional enterprises, on the other. After the pandemic termination, it will be necessary to restore the normal rhythm of life in the social and economic spheres, to revive the processes that are extremely important for regional development. The main directions of further investigations are related to the development of the methodological approach for assessing the contribution of regional transport and logistics systems to the economy. Therefore, a number of recommendations for the authorities which help to overcome the negative pandemic impact on the socio-economic development of the region are developed in this paper.

scholarly journals Side Channel Leakages Against Financial IC Card of the Republic of Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoo-Seung Won ◽  
Jonghyeok Lee ◽  
Dong-Guk Han
Keyword(s):  
Power Analysis ◽  
Block Cipher ◽  
Algebraic Logic ◽  
National Level ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Side Channel ◽  
Ic Card ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Ic Cards

Integrated circuit (IC) chip cards are commonly used in payment system applications since they can provide security and convenience simultaneously. More precisely, Europay, MasterCard, and VISA (EMV) are widely known to be well equipped with security frameworks that can defend against malicious attacks. On the other hand, there are other payment system applications at the national level. In the case of the Republic of Korea, standards for financial IC card specifications are established by the Korea Financial Telecommunications and Clearings Institute. Furthermore, security features defending against timing analysis, power analysis, electromagnetic analysis, and TEMPEST are required. This paper identifies side channel leakages in the financial IC cards of the Republic of Korea, although there may be side channel countermeasures. Side channel leakages in the financial IC cards of the Republic of Korea are identified for the first time since the side channel countermeasures were included in the standards. The countermeasure that is applied to the IC card from a black box perspective is estimated to measure security features against power analysis. Then, in order to investigate whether an underlying countermeasure is applied, first-order and second-order power analyses are performed on the main target, e.g., a S-box of the block cipher SEED that is employed in the financial system. Furthermore, the latest proposal in ICISC 2017 is examined to apply block cipher SEED to the financial IC card protocol. As a result, it is possible to identify some side channel leakages while expanding the lemma of the paper accepted in ICISC 2017. Algebraic logic is also constructed to recover the master key from some round keys. Finally, it is found that only 20,000 traces are required to find the master key.

scholarly journals Integration of logistic systems into regional transport services using road cargo transport

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
V. Cempírek ◽  
A. Seidlová ◽  
J. Široký ◽  
P. Nachtigall ◽  
R. Kampf
Keyword(s):  
Regional Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Cargo Transport

scholarly journals A spatially explicit optimization model for the selection of sustainable transport technologies at regional bus companies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiana Chinese ◽  
Piero Pinamonti ◽  
Caterina Mauro
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Carbon Equivalent ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Cost Planning ◽  
Diesel Buses ◽  
Analytical Tools

AbstractBuses account for almost 60% of the total public transport services in Europe, and most of the vehicles are diesel fuelled. Regional transport administrators, under pressure by governments to introduce zero-emission buses, require analytical tools for identifying optimal solutions. In literature, few models combine location analysis, least cost planning, and emission assessment, taking into account multiple technologies which might achieve emission reduction goals. In this paper, an existing optimal location model for electric urban transport is adapted to match the needs of regional transport. The model, which aims to evaluate well-to-wheel carbon emissions as well as airborne emissions of NOx and PM10, is applied to a real case study of a regional bus transport service in North Eastern Italy. The optimization has identified electric buses with relatively small (60 kWh) batteries as the best compromise for reducing carbon equivalent emissions; however, under current economic conditions in Italy, the life cycle cost of such vehicles is still much higher than those of Euro VI diesel buses. In this context, our model helps in identifying ways to minimize infrastructure costs and to efficiently allocate expensive resources such as electric buses to the routes where the maximum environmental benefit can be achieved.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGIES’ APPLICATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT STRATEGY (URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 886-897
Author(s):  
E. S. Temnov
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Analysis Theory ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Departments Of Transportation

Introduction. The paper substantiates the relevance of the development of regional transport strategies, which are basic for the implementation of organizational, technical and economic solutions aimed at the reorganization of modern urban and regional transport systems. Moreover, it is indicated that the development of strategies should be accompanied by a comprehensive and coordinated survey and modeling of transport systems, including within the framework of the regional programs of integrated development of transport infrastructure, projects for the creation of integrated traffic management schemes, as well as integrated schemes of transport services to the population. The aim of the research is to formulate the tasks consisting the proposals at the coordination of all the above and other programs that ensure long-term planning, continuity of decisions and budget savings directed to the development of transport in the regions.Materials and methods. Methods of system analysis, theory of transport systems, as well as methods that are widely used in the community of transport engineers, including various options for  calculation and experimental methods of transport planning and modeling of transport systems for the city or agglomeration, are used to solve the research problems.Results. Based on the information synthesis of the stages of regional transport strategies development, a sequence of actions is proposed, leading to the required methodological and organizational approaches, with which it is possible to perform the solution of the  strategic task. The authors formulate a list of major programs that need to be addressed at the level of regional ministries (departments) or departments of transportation municipalities with the goal of implementing transport strategies and aligning them with projects noted above. Discussion and conclusions. The main result of this work is the conclusion about the feasibility of rational actions of regional and municipal transport governing bodies, which could be planned within the framework of regional (municipal) transport strategies. The basis is the application of the proposed methodological and organizational recommendations.

Research on Construction of Mobile Payment System Based on the Phone Financial IC Card

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 2658-2663
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Jin Long Zhang ◽  
Guang Ming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Mobile Payment ◽  
Ic Card ◽  
The Third ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Business Functions ◽  
Mobile Communication Technology

With the rapid growth in the number of the domestic mobile phone users and the widespread use of the third generation (3G) mobile communication technology, mobile payment will become a new means of payment and be gradually accepted. At present, many cities and regions already have a Phone Financial IC card which can provide contact and Non-contact applications of consumer who use the Point of Sales (POS), the phone financial IC card is the SIM card which comply with the financial specifications PBOC2.0, it can provide an individual customer with a debit or credit services and pure e-wallet functions of financial payment. Mobile payment system based on the phone financial IC card will achieve savings, air deposit, inquiries, payments, communications and other functions. On the basis of the project, this paper depicts and analyses the mobile payment system architecture, business functions and key technologies.

scholarly journals Regionalization of passenger transport in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Grzelec ◽  
Olgierd Wyszomirski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Transport Activity ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Financing Mechanism

The article presents the problem of regionalization of passenger transport in Poland. The aim of the article is to design an appropriate organizational and managerial model of that transport and adapted financing mechanism of transport activity. The structure of the article extracted in the order of sections on the process of regionalization of passenger transport, regional transport functioning in selected countries of the European Union, the functioning of regional transport in Poland in the light of the provincial transport plans and directions of restructuring of regional transport in Poland. Within the last section reflections on the premises of the appointment of the board of the regional transport as the entity organizing and managing regional transport services and the financing of an integrated regional transport are presented.

scholarly journals Penilaian Kriteria Prasarana Bandar Udara Internasional dalam Mendukung Peningkatan Kunjungan Pariwisata [Criteria Assessment on the Facilities of International Airport in Supporting the Increasing Tourist Visit]

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Lita Yarlina
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Status ◽  
Tourism Potential

Tourism industry is one of the leading industries in the foreign exchange earnings for the national development. Due to the increase of tourism potential, tourism sector requires the supporting infrastructure for the accessibility. The tourist accessibility particularly the international tourists can be facilitated by considering the provision of international airport. This study aims to analyze and evaluate the provision of the airport international facility. The data collection methods were carried out by using in-depth interview with the organizer of the airport and through analysis and evaluation on the indicators and benchmarks for upgrading the status from domestic to international. The indicators which are used to upgrade the status to be the international airport are the demand of air transport services, national concerns, tourism potential, industry, trade, the integration of intermodal and multimoda transportation, and the local economy potential. The result of analysis and evaluation on the provision of airport infrastructure that have been currently surveyed is fairly adequate to be developed to be the international airport. It can be seen from the current condition showing the development stages of the facilities, such as runway, apron, and the flight safety conducted by the airport organizer. The main factor to upgrade the status to be the international airport is that it supports the tourism sector especially as the tourist attraction (domestic and international) towards the destination.Keywords: Airport Status Upgrade, Criteria Analysis, International Airport, Tourism Visiting. Sektor pariwisata merupakan salah satu sektor unggulan dalam penerimaan devisa negara untuk pembangunan nasional. Sebagai akibat dari meningkatnya potensi pariwisata, sektor pariwisata membutuhkan dukungan infrastruktur untuk aksesibilitasnya. Aksesibilitas wisatawan khususnya wisatawan mancanegara dapat dipermudah dengan mempertimbangkan penyediaan bandar udara internasional. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi penyediaan prasarana bandar udara internasional. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui in depth-interview kepada penyelenggara bandar udara dan melalui analisis dan evaluasi terhadap indikator dan tolok ukur peningkatan status bandar udara dari domestik menjadi internasional. Indikator yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan status menjadi bandara udara internasional adalah permintaan jasa angkutan udara, kepentingan nasional, potensi pariwisata, industri, perdagangan, keterpaduan inter dan antarmoda, dan potensi ekonomi daerah. Hasil analisis dan evaluasi penyediaan prasarana bandar udara yang disurvei saat ini sudah cukup memadai untuk dikembangkan menjadi bandar udara internasional. Hal ini dilihat dari kondisi terkini dan tahapan pembangunan terhadap fasilitas runway, taxiway, apron, dan fasilitas keselamatan penerbangan yang dilakukan oleh penyelenggara bandar udara. Faktor yang menjadi pengungkit untuk menjadi bandar udara internasional adalah sebagai penunjang sektor pariwisata sebagai daya tarik kunjungan wisatawan (domestik dan internasional) ke lokasi tujuan.Kata kunci: Peningkatan Status Bandar Udara, Analisis Kriteria, Bandar Udara Internasional, Kunjungan Pariwisata.

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