Premature Infants in Car Seats

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-339
Author(s):  
Marilyn J. Bull ◽  
Karen Bruner Stroup
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Child Safety ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infant ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Car Seats ◽  
Car Safety ◽  
Good Support

Advancements in health care have made it possible for many premature infants weighing less than 2.2 kg (5 lb) to be discharged from the hospital. Medical professionals, however, have no information available from which to make recommendations on which child safety seats are most appropriate for safely transporting the low-birth-weight infant. Current federal safety standards do not specify the minimum weight of an infant for which a seat is appropriate. The suitability of various types of infant car safety seats for premature infants was documented by placing 2.0-kg (4 lb 8 oz) babies in a representative sample of seat models. Ease and ability of the seat to fit the size of the infant and allow for proper positioning of the baby was noted. Each seat was measured from the seat back to crotch strap and shoulder strap to seat bottom to provide a basis for comparison of various seat models. Convertible seats with seat back to crotch strap height of 14 cm (5½ in) or less provided relatively good support for the infant. Seats with longer seat back to crotch strap distances allowed the infant to slouch. Seats with lap pads or shields were uniformly unacceptable.

scholarly journals Parental Knowledge on car Safety for Children: An Israeli Survey

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Hemmo-Lotem ◽  
Jacob Urkin ◽  
Liri Endy-Findling ◽  
Joav Merrick
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Child Safety ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Safety Behavior ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Car Seats ◽  
The Family ◽  
Car Safety

The objective of this study was to assess the level of parental car safety knowledge and actual behavior regarding their children under the age of 15 years. This study forms part of the National Center for Child Safety and Health in Israel (Beterem) program to examine awareness on child safety. Seven hundred and five Jewish families with at least one child at home younger than 15 years (a total of 1,345 children) were used as a randomized sample of the Jewish population. A telephone survey was conducted by professional interviewers using a questionnaire developed by injury prevention specialists consisting of seven knowledge questions and a diagram that described the usual seating positions and restraining method of the family members in the family car. Concerning knowledge about injury prevention, the rate of incorrect answers was high,64% in regard to the proper car seats for age and 84% in regard to the age for booster seats. Sixty five per cent of parents did not know what a booster seat was and 54% did not know that the proper place for children was in the back seat. The average of incorrect answers was 4.86 out of 7 (SD=1.45) correlated with low socioeconomic status. Concerning care safety behavior 60% per cent of babies and 38% of toddlers were not restrained properly. This study should alert planners and policy makers to the need of implementation of educational prevention programs for the Israeli public of parents concerning car safety for children in order to reduce childhood injury.

Car Seats for Children With Mechanically Assisted Ventilation

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-292
Author(s):  
KAREN BRUNER STROUP ◽  
PATSY WYLIE ◽  
MARILYN J. BULL
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Assisted Ventilation ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Children With Special Needs ◽  
Car Seats ◽  
Car Safety ◽  
Child Restraint ◽  
Safety Seat

Car safety seat use has increased because of child restraint legislation in all 50 states and educational efforts by medical professionals. Not all children, however, can fit into commercially available car seats, and some modification is necessary to accommodate these children with special needs.1 Safe transportation is a problem faced by physicians and parents with increasing frequency as more children with special problems are discharged to home: one such example is the child with mechanically assisted ventilation. We have recently determined that these children who weigh less than 18.2 kg (40lb) can be transported properly and safely in commercially available car seats while the ventilator system remains attached to the child and in operation.

Safe Transportation of Premature Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-122
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Respiratory Compromise ◽  
Car Seats ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Seating Devices

Increasing survival rates and earlier hospital discharge of premature infants have resulted in babies weighing less than 2500 g being transported frequently in the family car. Provision for safe motor vehicle transportation of this vulnerable population of infants is a major concern of parents and health professionals. The American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Injury and Poison Prevention and the Committee on Fetus and Newborn believe that specific guidelines should be followed to ensure proper selection and use of car seats and other occupant restraint devices for low-weight infants. Currently, Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 213, which established design and dynamic performance requirements for child restraint systems, applies to children weighing up to 50 lb, but no minimum weight limit is established in the standard. Most safety restrains on the market are designed for infants weighing more than 7 lb (3.1 kg), and only recently have studies been done which allow some prediction of the protective capabilities of restraint devices for infants weighing less than 7 lb.1,2 Initial research has indicated that some infants, particularly premature, low-weight infants, may be subject to oxygen desaturation when placed in an upright position in car safety seats.3,4 Both rate of growth and neurologic maturation may influence potential risk of respiratory compromise in these and other seating devices. Further investigations will be necessary to precisely define the population at risk and the variety of situations in which risk occurs. Proper positioning of small infants in car seats is important to minimize the risk of respiratory compromise while providing protection for the infant in the event of a crash or sudden stop.

Postnatally acquired CMV meningitis diagnosed via BioFire FilmArray: A case report

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
A. Stark ◽  
J. Peterson ◽  
K. Weimer ◽  
C. Hornik
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infant

Postnatally acquired cytomegalovirus (CMV) is commonly acquired via breast milk, with premature infants more frequently developing symptoms of CMV infection in comparison to term infants. Meningitis is a rare clinical manifestation of CMV infection. The diagnosis of meningitis is difficult to make in infants, particularly those who are preterm. Consequentially, broad-spectrum empiric antimicrobial coverage is often administered for several days while waiting for current gold standard CSF testing to result. The BioFire FilmArray (BFA) simultaneously tests for 14 different pathogens, including CMV, allowing for quicker diagnosis and shorter time to definitive treatment. Here, we report a very low birth weight infant with postnatally acquired CMV meningitis, the first to our knowledge to be diagnosed using the BioFire FilmArray.

Fungal Infections in Premature Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-443
Author(s):  
JILL E. BALEY ◽  
ROBERT M. KLIEGMAN ◽  
AVROY A. FANAROFF
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infant ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Glucose Intake

In Reply.— Seventy percent of the low-birth-weight (LBW) infants whose condition was clinically diagnosed as systemic fungal infections demonstrated glucose intolerance. Langdon is correct that hyperglycemia, which may be found in young diabetic women, may encourage nonsystemic or local candidiasis. He is also correct that multiple factors may affect glucose tolerance in the sick low-birth-weight infant. Whereas it is possible that alterations in care or glucose intake might result in hyperglycemia, it is unusual for a low-birth-weight infant who has previously demonstrated stable glucose control to suddenly develop hyperglycemia and/or glycosuria at 5 weeks of age.

Cervical Spine Fractures Sustained by Young Children in Forward-Facing Car Seats

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-354
Author(s):  
Susan Fuchs ◽  
Martha J. Barthel ◽  
Ann Marie Flannery ◽  
Katherine K. Christoffel
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Cervical Spine Injuries ◽  
Car Seats ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Car Safety ◽  
Safety Seat

Child passenger safety restraint laws have reduced the number of children killed or injured in motor vehicle accidents in the past few years. However, the increased used of child safety seats has brought with it an increase in the misuse of these devices. High cervical spine injuries sustained by five children less than 2 years of age while in forward-facing car seats are described. In the cases of three children, the car safety seat use was correct. Misuse of car seats and anatomic and biomechanical factors in the cervical spines of infants and young children appear to have contributed to the occurrence of these previously rare injuries. Like seat belts, car safety seats are now a factor in child passenger injury characteristics, and therefore, car safety seat design merits reevaluation. In light of this development, public and parent education by health care professionals concerning the correct use of car safety seats is necessary.

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Prenatal Pediatric Visits for Urban, Low-income Families

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1069-1075
Author(s):  
Janet R. Serwint ◽  
Modena E. H. Wilson ◽  
Judith W. Vogelhut ◽  
John T. Repke ◽  
Henry M. Seidel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Car Safety ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Safety Seat

Background. Prenatal pediatric visits have been recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics to allow the pediatrician to counsel parents on infant care issues, establish a supportive relationship, and provide pediatric practice information to parents. We hypothesized that prenatal pediatric visits would have an impact on breastfeeding decisions, health care behaviors, health care utilization, and the doctor-patient relationship. Methods. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of prenatal pediatric visits for urban, low-income families to measure the impact on breastfeeding decisions, infant car safety seat use, circumcision, health maintenance, and emergency room visits and the pediatrician's perception that he/she would know the mother better. Pregnant women were recruited prenatally from the obstetrics clinic. Outcomes were measured by maternal interview prenatally and when the infant was 2 months old, in addition to review of the nursery record. Physicians were interviewed after the 2-month visit. Health care utilization was measured by chart review at 7 months. Results. A total of 156 pregnant women were enrolled and randomized, 81 to the intervention group and 75 to the control group. Of mothers who breastfed, 45% in the intervention group changed their mind in favor of breastfeeding after enrollment compared with 14% in the control group. Mothers in the intervention group compared with the control group were more likely to make fewer emergency room visits, 0.58 compared with 1.0. Pediatricians were more likely to think that they knew mothers in the intervention group well, 54% versus 29% in the control group, yet 67% of mothers in both groups agreed their pediatrician knew them well. There were no differences between groups in initiation or duration of breastfeeding at 30 or 60 days, infant car safety seat use, circumcision, or health maintenance visits. Conclusions. Prenatal pediatric visits have potential impact on a variety of health care outcomes. Among urban, low-income mothers, we found beneficial effects on breastfeeding decisions, a decrease in emergency department visits, and an initial impact on the doctor-patient relationship. We suggest urban practices actively promote prenatal pediatric visits.

Your Baby's First Year, 4th Ed - Spanish

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
First Year ◽  
Congenital Diseases ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Car Safety ◽  
Complete Health ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
The One

The one guide pediatricians most recommend is now completely revised, updated and available in Spanish. From the American Academy of Pediatrics, the nation's most trusted name in child care, comes El primer año de su bebe , the definitive all-in-one resource that provides authoritative advice on every aspect of infant care. Featuring new and expanded content, including the latest reports on cutting-edge research into early brain development, Your Baby's First Year includes Guidelines for prenatal care, with spotlights on maternal nutrition, exercise, and screening tests during pregnancy Growth and developmental milestones through the first twelve months of a child's life, including physical, emotional, and cognitive development An updated chapter on developmental disabilities A complete health encyclopedia covering injuries, illnesses, and congenital diseases Breastfeeding discussion, including its benefits, techniques, and challenges, as well as nutritional needs and vitamin/iron supplementation Recommendations for choosing child care programs Updated safety standards: the very latest AAP recommendations, including immunizations, childproofing, and toy safety Safety checks for home, including bathing, preventing drowning, poisoning, choking, burns, and falls Car safety, including information on car safety seats And much more

Premature infants in car seats: effect of sleep state on breathing

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
GILA HERTZ ◽  
RENU AGGARWAL ◽  
WARREN N. ROSENFELD ◽  
JOSEPH GREENSHER
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Sleep State ◽  
Car Seats

scholarly journals Plain Talk About Health: Linguistic Aspects of Mediation between Amish and Mennonites and Health Care Professionals

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mark L. Louden
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
Pennsylvania Dutch ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Cultural Mediator

As the population of Amish and Old Order Mennonites grows exponentially, so are the contacts between Plain people and medical professionals increasing. All Plain adults are bilingual; however, the fact that the primary everyday language for most is Pennsylvania Dutch is important for understanding how they navigate the health care system. In this article I give an overview of language-related questions involved in communication between Plain people and health care providers with a focus on three areas: translation, interpretation, and patterns of language use. Much of the information I present in this article is drawn from my experience as an interpreter and cultural mediator for Plain people in a number of different public spheres, mainly health care.

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