Spanking and Triage

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-808
Author(s):  
Karen Colvard

There is not much about corporal punishment in this article, but I understand that Dr Chamberlin argues, by omission, that spanking is only a bit player in the complex interplay of risks that threaten the future development of a child. A concerned society will do what it can broadly to increase the information and practical support available to families, which might prevent a variety of problems created or exacerbated by upbringing and experiences in childhood. One question for this meeting is: would the American Academy of Pediatrics be contributing to this broad mandate for prevention with a statement that focuses on spanking or other mild punishment, or does attention to a small problem draw attention from big problems that urgently need action? I agree with Dr Chamberlin's argument for providing comprehensive services to all members of a community rather than targeting high-risk groups, except that I think his goals impractical given limitations on public funds for social services. How should we spend the small amount of public money available for the welfare of children? Five to eight percent of all children have a temperamental problem with aggression; some 80% of boys growing up in poor, marginalized neighborhoods in US inner cities will be arrested for a violent crime before age 18. These data do not describe the same problem. We have heard several references in presentations here to the exceptional violence of US society and reports of studies that relate spanking to criminal violence in adulthood. Our cities do not have a patent on violence, and children everywhere deserve protection from abuse.

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-791
Author(s):  

The intent of this statement is to substantiate the existence of homelessness in virtually every community, illustrate the pervasive health and psychosocial problems facing the growing population of children who are homeless, and encourage practitioners to include homeless children in their health care delivery practices, social services, and advocacy efforts. The recommendations will guide practitioners in taking actions to diminish the severe negative impact that living in temporary shelters has on the health and well-being of developing children. In this statement the American Academy of Pediatrics reaffirms its stance that homeless children need permanent dwellings in order to thrive.


Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 289-292
Author(s):  
Л.Ж. Алекешева ◽  
К.К. Тогузбаева ◽  
К.О. Джусупов

COVID-19 нанес серьезный удар по системам здравоохранения многих стран мира, включая Республику Казахстан. Чтобы справиться с пандемией, Казахстан разработал план, содержащий три стратегические цели: 1) предотвращение вспышки болезни; 2) Обеспечение оптимального ухода для всех пациентов и 3) Сведение к минимуму воздействия пандемии на системы здравоохранения, социальные услуги и экономическую деятельность. Однако неравномерное распределение финансовых ресурсов по регионам, нерегулярное потребление медицинских услуг и различия в показателях здоровья препятствуют этим усилиям. Другие проблемы - это нехватка медицинских сил, неожиданность ситуации, отсутствие знаний о коронавирусной инфекции и бессилие перед этой новой болезнью. Были трудности с массовым тестированием, поскольку стигма и страх перед карантином вынуждали людей не проходить тестирование. После отмены чрезвычайного положения и строгой изоляции страну охватила эйфория, которая привела к резкому увеличению числа случаев заболевания. Чтобы взять ситуацию под контроль в июне 2020 года был экстренно введен второй локдаун, постепенно стало уменьшаться количество больных и инфицированных. Пандемия показала, насколько хрупка и зависима система: была отложена плановая вакцинация детям до 1 года, временно приостановлено медицинское обследование и оказание медицинских услуг больным хроническими, онкологическими заболеваниями, плановая госпитализация. Многие врачи и медсестры заразились и заболели. На момент написания этой статьи эпидемиологическая ситуация в стране с COVID-19 находится под контролем и надзором, однако давать какие-либо прогнозы относительно его завершения пока рано. Казахстан готовится к вакцинации от коронавирусной инфекции, в первую очередь вакцинации должны подвергаться группы риска, медицинские и социальные работники, а также люди с хроническими заболеваниями. Пока коллективный иммунитет не сформирован, казахстанцы должны проявлять осторожность при снятии ограничений, чтобы предотвратить взрыв новых случаев заболевания. COVID-19 has strained the healthcare systems of many countries worldwide including the Republic of Kazakhstan. To cope with the pandemic, Kazakhstan mounted a plan containing three strategic objectives: 1) Preventing the outbreak of the disease; 2) Ensuring optimal care for all patients, and 3) Minimizing the impact of the pandemic on health systems, social services, and economic activities. However, the uneven distribution of financial resources across regions, irregular consumption of medical services, and inconsistent health indicators hamper these efforts. Other issues are the lack of medical forces, the unexpectedness of the situation, lack of knowledge on coronavirus infection, and powerlessness in front of this new disease. There were difficulties in mass testing as stigma and fear from quarantine forced people not to get tested. The euphoria enveloped the country after abolishing the emergency state after an intense lockdown which resulted in increased cases. A second lockdown was urgently introduced in June 2020 to take control of the situation. The number of patients and those infected gradually began to decline. The pandemic showed the fragility and inter-dependence of the health system- planned vaccinations against many infectious diseases were postponed. Medical examination and provision of medical services to patients with chronic, oncological diseases, planned hospitalization were temporarily halted. Many doctors and nurses became infected and ill. The country's COVID-19 epidemiological situation is somewhat under the control and supervision as of this writing. However, to give any forecasts for its completion is still too early. Kazakhstan is preparing to vaccinate against coronavirus infection. First of all, risk groups, medical and social workers, and people with chronic diseases should be subject to vaccination. Until herd immunity is not formed, Kazakhstanis must keep caution when the restrictions are taken off to prevent an explosion of new disease cases.


Author(s):  
Andrew Dobelstein

Privatizing social services has taken a new turn as America enters the 21st century. Although it was once possible to separate private and public social services, the growing trend toward public–private partnerships has made such earlier distinctions meaningless since more and more private social services are supported with public money. There are advantages and disadvantages inherent in the mixing of public and private social services, but perhaps the greatest problem may be the support of a growing trend for all levels of government to dissociate themselves from their longstanding public social service responsibilities.


1999 ◽  
Vol 175 (5) ◽  
pp. 402-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyles Glover

The authors of the King's Fund report on London's mental health services (Johnson et al, 1997) argued that the formula used by the Department of Health to allocate resources to health authorities fails to meet the needs of inner cities. It is difficult to explore this issue because the principal allocation to district health authorities is set out as a single figure, with no subdivisions for separate clinical areas. This differs from local government finance, where annual allocations are itemised in a report detailing both major components (education, social services and road maintenance), and subdivisions of these (House of Commons, 1998). However, in the process used by the Department of Health to calculate health service allocations, several areas of clinical work, including the care of the mentally ill and learning disabled, receive distinct consideration. An annual publication sets out the detail (NHS Executive, 1998). Slight reworking allows the identification of implied allocations for the following clinical areas: general and acute; mental illness and learning disability; and other community care. This paper outlines the methodology and shows the allocations to health authorities in England for 1990–2000.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce J. Ellis ◽  
Laura S. Abrams ◽  
Ann S. Masten ◽  
Robert J. Sternberg ◽  
Nim Tottenham ◽  
...  

Abstract Although early-life adversity can undermine healthy development, children growing up in harsh environments may develop intact, or even enhanced, skills for solving problems in high-adversity contexts (i.e., “hidden talents”). Here we situate the hidden talents model within a larger interdisciplinary framework. Summarizing theory and research on hidden talents, we propose that stress-adapted skills represent a form of adaptive intelligence that enables individuals to function within the constraints of harsh, unpredictable environments. We discuss the alignment of the hidden talents model with current knowledge about human brain development following early adversity; examine potential applications of this perspective to multiple sectors concerned with youth from harsh environments, including education, social services, and juvenile justice; and compare the hidden talents model with contemporary developmental resilience models. We conclude that the hidden talents approach offers exciting new directions for research on developmental adaptations to childhood adversity, with translational implications for leveraging stress-adapted skills to more effectively tailor education, jobs, and interventions to fit the needs and potentials of individuals from a diverse range of life circumstances. This approach affords a well-rounded view of people who live with adversity that avoids stigma and communicates a novel, distinctive, and strength-based message.


1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 335-335
Author(s):  
Caroline Breese Hall

Concerns and confusion have risen over the recent recommendations for universal immunization to prevent infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) published by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)1 and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC).2 Both of these recommendations, collaboratively developed, recommend universal immunization of infants against HBV as well as the continued previous strategies of screening all pregnant women for HBsAg positivity and immunizing all high-risk groups. The AAP further recommends that all adolescents be immunized in recognition of the increased risk and rate of acquiring HBV in this age group.


Author(s):  
Nazerke Dalelkhankyzy Tleubayeva ◽  
Indyra Sarybaykyzy Sarybayeva

In the course of the country’s development, the sphere of public services is also growing up. Undoubtedly, the emergence of new platforms for the support of vulnerable groups and the types of assistance provided to them in accordance with the digitalization of society will increase the efficiency of social services. Given article is dedicated to social services’ platform that united into one single place. This process should be available in using and not wasting time for going and staying in queue for organizations, hospitals. There are lots of people with disabilities and their problem is concluded in opportunity to go out and get any service. It could be sometime problematic due to their health, abilities to go themselves, weather condition and transport. That is why, several countries and its cities and local administration constructed websites, applications and added to electronic government the online version of social services they can apply. From time to time, there are lots of researchers in sphere of digitalization who is writing about how digital technologies impact on people’s life what is the main reason to provide of creating one single acceptable platform in the network. We expected to find out all experiences of foreigners and compare it with pilot version done in Kazakhstan that would be the basics of creating the new one.


1991 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Hernán Delgado ◽  
Patricia Palma ◽  
Magda Fischer

Height censuses - involving the measurement of all children attending first grade - have been used in Central America to detect growth retardation to screen high-risk groups and to target social interventions. Data on age sex residence, and socio-economic characteristics are obtained from the teachers. Studies carried out by INCAP hare confirmed the simplicity and low cost of analyses of height-census data as well as their reliability and validity. In the Central American region data on height retardation reflect the variation found among countries when other socioeconomic and biological indicators such as illiteracy infant and child mortality and social services are considered.


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