scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical reactions of Hordeum vulgare seedlings to the action of silver nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. O. Khromykh ◽  
L. V. Shupranova ◽  
Y. V. Lykholat ◽  
V. S. Bil’chuk ◽  
V. S. Fedenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Morphometrical indexes, and spectrophotometrically measured protein and glutathione (GSH, GSSG) contents and activity of peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7), glutathione-reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2) and glutathione S-transferase (GST, EС 2.5.1.18) were examined in Hordeum vulgare L. seedlings after 0.01 and 0.1 mg/l AgNPs treatment during 24 h. We tested the hypothesis that the action of nanoparticles has a stressful effect on the physiological and biochemical processes of seedlings. Growth of roots was inhibited and fresh weight decreased by 29% and 21% under low and high concentrations respectively. Conversely, leaf growth was intensified, and leaf length (16% and 18%) and fresh weight (35% and 44%) increased at low and high concentrations respectively. POD activity in roots increased by 26% and 7%, and decreased in leaves to 57% and 81% of control at low and high concentrations respectively. GSH content changed insignificantly, but GSSG content increased in roots (2 and 2.5-fold) and in leaves (13% and 30%) at both AgNPs concentrations. GSH/GSSG-ratio decreased in roots (1.9 and 2.6-fold) and in leaves (1.1 and 1.3-fold) at low and high concentrations respectively. GR activity decreased at a concentration of 0.01 mg/l (7% in roots and 17% in leaves respectively) and increased at 0.1 mg/l (52% in roots and 6% in leaves). GST activity increased in leaves (52% and 78% at low and high concentrations) but decreased by 17% in roots under high concentration of nanosilver. Thus, the action of AgNPs on barley seedlings had a dose-dependent and organ-specific character. The various directions of changes in growth, metabolic processes and activity of antioxidant defense systems appear to be a stress response of barley seedlings to the impact of AgNPs, which underlines the necessity of detailed study of plant intracellular processes exposed to the action of nanomaterial. 

scholarly journals Sodium Nitroprusside Improves Performance of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Under Salt Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Khorshid Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
No Donor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Soil salinity creates osmotic and ionic stress in plants that result in the suppressed water and nutrients status in plants leading to reduced growth and yield of crop plants. Although, plants activate their defense system to counter various stresses but this defense system has limitations. Therefore, it is highly desirable to manipulate the plant’s cellular system to counter the detrimental effects of stresses efficiently. Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to act as an important signaling molecule which plays vital role in growth and development of plants and plays important role in the responses of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. Keeping in view the vital roles of NO in plants, the present experiment was performed to study the impact of NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on growth, physiological and biochemical parameters of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Sahrawi) plants grown under 200 mM NaCl. The results showed that salt-stressed plants accumulated higher levels of proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB) and showed enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX) and catalase (CAT) as compared with the control plants. But increase in osmolytes and enzyme activities could not protect the plants from NaCl-induced damage and exhibited enhanced H2O2 and O2−· content, TBARS and electrolyte leakage. All these alterations negatively affected growth (fresh and dry weight of shoot and root), and physiological and biochemical parameters [leaf chlorophyll (Chl) content, carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity and leaf relative water content (LRWC)] of stressed plants. However, NaCl-stressed plants treated with the NO donor, SNP, exhibited enhanced synthesis of Pro and GB content and activities of antioxidant enzymes that resulted in reduced H2O2 and O2−· content, TBARS and electrolyte leakage and enhanced CA activity, leaf Chl content and LRWC. Application of SNP to salt-stressed plants also improved growth characteristics. On the contrary, application of NO scavenger cPTIO [2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide] along with SNP and NaCl suppressed the effect of NO and resulted in poor defense against salinity.

The Toxicity of Castor Beans and its Treatment with Doxycycline in Local Rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nael Mohammed Sarheed ◽  
Osamah Faisal Kokas ◽  
Doaa Abd Alabas Muhammed Ridh
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Doxycycline Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Physiological Tests ◽  
Animal House ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The plant of castor is widely spread in the Iraqi land, and characterized with containing ricin toxin, which has a very serious effects, and because the seeds of this plant scattered in the agricultural soil and rivers water, which increases the exposure of humans and animals to these beans. Objective: This experiment was designed to study the effect of high concentration of castor bean powder in some physiological and biochemical parameters and changes in some tissues of the body, as well as trying to use doxycycline to reduce the effects of ingestion of these seeds. Materials and Methods: In the experiment, 24 local rabbits were raised and fed in the Animal House of the Faculty of Medicine / Al-Muthanna University, then divided into four groups and treated for three weeks (21 days), Control group: treated with normal saline solution (0.9) orally throughout the experiment, G1: was treated orally with a concentration of 25 mg / kg of castor bean powder daily during the experiment, G2 : orally treated 25 mg / kg of castor bean and 25 mg / kg of doxycycline, G3: orally treated 25 mg / kg of castor powder with 50 mg / kg of doxycycline daily throughout the trial period. Results: The results of the experiment showed significant changes (P less than 0.05) in all physiological and biochemical blood tests when compared with control group. There was a significant decrease in PCV, Hb, RBC, T.protein and body weights, while demonstrated a significant increase in WBC, Urea, Creatinine, ALT, AST and ALP, with distortions in liver and kidney of animals that treated with Castor beans. In contrast, the treatment with doxycycline and caster beans showed significant improvement reflected by a normal proportion in physiological tests and biochemical tests with improvement in the tissues when compared to control group. Conclusions: It can be concluded from this study that castor bean has high toxic and pathogenic effects that may be dangerous to the life of the organism. Therefore, it is advisable to be cautious of these pills and avoid exposure to them, also recommended to take high concentrations of doxycycline treatment when infected with castor bean poisoning.

scholarly journals Photocrosslinking and photopatterning of magneto-optical nanocomposite sol–gel thin film under deep-UV irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bidaud ◽  
D. Berling ◽  
D. Jamon ◽  
E. Gamet ◽  
S. Neveu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Cobalt Ferrite ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Nanocomposite Thin Films ◽  
Deep Uv ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
193 Nm ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper is aimed at investigating the process of photocrosslinking under Deep-UV irradiation of nanocomposite thin films doped with cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). This material is composed of a hybrid sol–gel matrix in which MNP can be introduced with high concentrations up to 20 vol%. Deep-UV (193 nm) is not only interesting for high-resolution patterning but we also show an efficient photopolymerization pathway even in the presence of high concentration of MNPs. In this study, we demonstrate that the photocrosslinking is based on the free radical polymerization of the methacrylate functions of the hybrid precursor. This process is initiated by Titanium-oxo clusters. The impact of the nanoparticles on the photopolymerization kinetic and photopatterning is investigated. We finally show that the photosensitive nanocomposite is suitable to obtain micropatterns with sub-micron resolution, with a simple and versatile process, which opens many opportunities for fabrication of miniaturized magneto-optical devices for photonic applications.

scholarly journals Aktywność cytokininowa sześciu odmian Hordeum vulgare L. [Cytokinin activity of six cultivars of Hordeum vulgare L.]

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Politycka ◽  
A. Stroiński ◽  
Z. Krzywański ◽  
M. W. Borys
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Cytokinin Activity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Polar Derivatives ◽  
Made In

Cytokinin activity was determined in roots, crowns, ears of six varieties of the barley in the tobacco Wisconsin 38 callus tissue test. Analysis was made in early stage of ears. The order increasing values of the total cytokinin activity (the total activity of compounds fitting their mobility with zeatin, zeatin ribosid and their more polar derivatives) were for most part of varieties: younger roots < older roots < crowns < ears. Dependences between the cytokinin activity and fresh weight of analysed material were not found.

Physiological and biochemical response of soil-grown barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to cerium oxide nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 10551-10558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyren M. Rico ◽  
Ana C. Barrios ◽  
Wenjuan Tan ◽  
Rosnah Rubenecia ◽  
Sang Chul Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Biochemical Response ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

scholarly journals Foliar Application of Boron Improves the Growth and Yield in Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Shafiq AHMAD ◽  
Taqi RAZA ◽  
Shakeel IMRAN ◽  
Neal S. EASH ◽  
Nawab KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Seed Index ◽  
The Impact

Crop productivity is limited by several environmental constraints. Among these, micronutrients availability to plants plays a key role in agricultural crops production. Boron is an important micronutrient for crops and it significantly aids in a grain setting. Soil applied boron become unavailable to plant due to fixation in soil sites and cause nutrients deficiency in plants, immature grain settings, and yield reduction. Thus, the aim of this work was to quantify the impact of the foliar application of boron gradients on the yield and growth of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Five treatments were studied, which included; T1= Control (0% B), T2 = 0.5% B, T3 = 1% B, T4 =1.5% B, and T5 =2% B. The results indicated that foliar application of B significantly increased the yield and growth traits in barley. However, 2% foliar application of B showed the highest value for all studied traits including; plant height (5.6%), number of tillers per plant (2.4%), spike length (32%), weight gain per spike (6.2%), seed index (6%), grain yield (10%), and biological yield (4%). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the foliar application of B at 2% can be used to improve the growth and yield in barley.

scholarly journals Biphasic Effect of Pirfenidone on Angiogenesis

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghao Gan ◽  
Wenxiang Cheng ◽  
Liqing Ke ◽  
Antonia RuJia Sun ◽  
Qingyun Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Endothelial Cell Migration ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Biphasic Effect ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

Pirfenidone (PFD), a synthetic arsenic compound, has been found to inhibit angiogenesis at high concentrations. However, the biphasic effects of different PFD concentrations on angiogenesis have not yet been elucidated, and the present study used an in vitro model to explore the mechanisms underlying this biphasic response. The effect of PFD on the initial angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells was investigated through a Matrigel tube formation assay, and the impact of PFD on endothelial cell migration was evaluated through scratch and transwell migration experiments. Moreover, the expression of key migration cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, was examined. Finally, the biphasic mechanism of PFD on angiogenesis was explored through cell signaling and apoptosis analyses. The results showed that 10–100 μM PFD has a significant and dose-dependent inhibitory effect on tube formation and migration, while 10 nM–1 μM PFD significantly promoted tube formation and migration, with 100 nM PFD having the strongest effect. Additionally, we found that a high concentration of PFD could significantly inhibit MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, while low concentrations of PFD significantly promoted their expression. Finally, we found that high concentrations of PFD inhibited EA.hy926 cell tube formation by promoting apoptosis, while low concentrations of PFD promoted tube formation by increasing MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression predominantly via the EGFR/p-p38 pathway. Overall, PFD elicits a biphasic effect on angiogenesis through different mechanisms, could be used as a new potential drug for the treatment of vascular diseases.

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