scholarly journals The influence of the extent of infestation by helminths upon changes in body weight of sheep in Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. O. Boyko ◽  
N. M. Zazharska ◽  
V. V. Brygadyrenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Moniezia Expansa ◽  
Muellerius Capillaris

Among the following breeds of sheep, Merino, Bleu du Maine, Bluefaced Leicester, Dorper, Clan Forest, Suffolk, Texel and Beltex, helminths of two classes (Nematoda and Cestoda) have been registered in Ukraine (Dnipropetrovsk oblast). Among the nematodes there were: parasites of the digestive system Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi, 1803), Strongyloides papillosus (Wedl, 1856), Nematodirus sp., Trichuris sp. and parasites of the respiratory system Muellerius capillaris (Muller, 1889). In the excrements of small ruminants, eggs of Moniezia expansa (Rudolphi, 1805) (Cestoda) – helminths of the small intestine, were found. Among all studied animals we found S. papillosus. 58.2% of sheep were infested with H. contortus. The lowest indicators of invasion extensivity were registered for parasitism of Trichuris sp. and M. capillaries. Extensivity of Nematodirus invasion did not exceed 16.3%. This indicator for cestodiasis, specifically monieziasis, among sheep was 25,5%. The range of fluctuation in intensivity of nematode invasion was within 7 to 860 eggs/g of excrement. This indicator for Cestoda invasion did not exceed 350 eggs/g. The highest indicators of average invasion were registered for parasitism by S. papillosus and H. contortus. The lowest average indicators of intensity were found for Trichuris. For Nematoda and Muellerius they were 25.0 and 88.9 individuals/g of feces correspondingly. The greatest influence on changes of body weight in sheep was caused by nematodes of the digestive tract Trichuris sp. and of the respiratory organs M. capillaris. The indicators of Trichuris infection level are the lowest in comparison with other registered helminthiases.

scholarly journals Helminths parasites of digestive trackt of sheep and goats in Macedonian region

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. THEODORIDIS (Ι. ΘΕΟΔΩΡΙΔΗΣ) ◽  
C. HIMONAS (Χ. ΧΕΙΜΩΝΑΣ) ◽  
M. PAPAZAHARIADOU (Μ. ΠΑΠΑΖΑΧΑΡΙΑΔΟΥ)
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Cooperia Oncophora ◽  
Teladorsagia Circumcincta ◽  
Moniezia Expansa ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Gongylonema Pulchrum

During two periods (December 1985-October 1986 and October 1990-April 1991), the digestive tracts of 102 sheep and 29 goats were examined, with the purpose to find out and identify the helminthes parasites of these animals. The 96,1% of sheep and 93,1% of goats were found to be infected with 26 and 20 different helminths, respectively. The nematodes which were found out of the different parts of the digestive tract of these animals were: Sheep: oesophagus: Gongylonema pulchrum, abomasum: Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta, T. trifurcata, Trichostrongylus axei and Cooperia oncophora, small intestine: Teladorsagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus colubriformis} T. vitrinus, T. capricola, Cooperia oncophora, C. curticei, Nematodirus filicollis, N. helvetianus, N. spathiger, N. battus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum and Strongyloides papillosus, large intestine: Oesophagostomum venulosum, Oe. columbianum, Chabertia ovina, Trichuris globulosa, T. ovis and Skrjabinema ovis. Goats: all the previous findings except T. vitrinus, Nematodirus helvetianus, N. battus and Trichuris ovis. The cestodes parasites, Moniezia expansa, Moniezia benedni, Avitellina centripunctata and Stilesia globipunctata were found into the small intestine of sheep and, Moniezia expansa and Avitellina centripunctata, in goats only. All animals were infected with more than one different parasites. The sheep nematodes Cooperia curticei, Nematodirus helvetianus, and N. spathiger, were identified for the first time in Greece, more over, Nematodirus battus were found out and identified for the first time in Greece.

The comparative efficacy of oxfendazole administered as bolus and suspension to naturally infected sheep in Greece

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-249
Author(s):  
C. A. Himonas ◽  
J. Theodorides
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Infected Sheep ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Cooperia Oncophora ◽  
Oesophagostomum Columbianum ◽  
Faecal Egg Counts ◽  
Moniezia Expansa

AbstractIn a flock of 20 ewes naturally infected with those parasites of sheep most common in Greece, and kept indoors during the whole trial, oxfendazole at the dose rate of approximately 2–9 and 2–8 mg/kg body-weight was tested as a 4 g bolus containing 112 mg active ingredient and a 2–265% suspension. The evaluation of its efficacy was based on the necropsy findings which were also supported by faecal egg counts. No differences in efficacy were noticed between the two formulations of the drug. Both bolus and suspension proved to be 100% effective against Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis and Chabertia ovina. The efficacy against Cooperia oncophora, Nematodirus spathiger, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Oesophagostomum columbianum and Moniezia expansa could not be evaluated, because these species, though not found in any of the treated animals, were found in fewer than three controls.

scholarly journals Helmintofauna of sheep and goats in Dnipropetrovsk region

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Biodiversity Indices ◽  
Moniezia Expansa

Wormsof classes Nematoda Rudolphi, 1808, Trematoda Rudolphi, 1808 and Cestoda Rudolphi, 1808 were registered in small ruminants (sheep and goats) in Dnipropetrovsk region. Identified nematodes belongto Strongylata Railliet et Henry, 1913, Rhabditata Chitwood, 1933 and Trichurata Skrjabin, 1915. Among the trematodes, representatives of Fasciolata (Skrjabin et Schulz, 1935) were identified. Cestodes were represented by Anoplocephalata (Skrjabin, 1933). Among the specific types of nematodes,representatives of the Strongylata suborder were found: Muellerius sp., Protostrongylus sp., Haemonchus contortus Rundolphi, 1802, Nematodirus sp. Among the helminths Rhabditata we identified Strongyloides papillosus Wedl, 1856, Trichurata –Trichuris sp., Fasciolata –Fasciola hepatica Linnaeus, 1758 andDicrocelium lanceatum Stiles et Hassall, 1896, Anoplocephalata –Moniezia expansa (Rudolphi, 1810) andM. benedeni (Moniez, 1879). The dominant species among worms in ungulates was defined as nematode H. contortus. The smallest share in the group was taken by trematode species F. hepatica and nematodesTrichuris sp. The highest biodiversity indices are recorded in samples of material selected from ungulates consuming pasture herbage from May to September (ten species of worms belonging to three classes:Muellerius sp., Protostrongylus sp., H. contortus, Nematodirus sp., S. papillosus, Trichuris sp., F. hepatica, D. lanceatum, M. expansa, M. benedeni were registered). In animals not pastured throughout the year three types of worms of the class Nematoda: S. papillosus, H. contortus and Nematodirus sp. were defined.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Gastrointestinal Helminthiasis in Etawa Crossbred Goat in Etawa Farm Jombang

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Dwi Novita Sari ◽  
Tri Wahyu Suprayogi ◽  
Djoko Legowo ◽  
Siti Eliana Rochmi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Maintenance System ◽  
Oesophagostomum Columbianum

Background: Goat is one type of small ruminant that has a contribution to supporting the development of livestock and is an alternative to meet the needs of animal protein in Indonesian society. The current goat raising system is still carried out by being caged or semi-grazed. In this maintenance system, goats are very susceptible to parasitic diseases, especially those caused by the digestive tract worms. Gastrointestinal worms are a significant problem in livestock, especially small ruminants that cause health problems, such as diarrhea, weight loss, and decreased appetite. Purpose: To determine the percentage and types of digestive tract helminths in Etawa crossbred goats by age. Method: 30 feces samples from Etawa crossbred goats were collected for laboratory examination using native, sedimentation, and flotation methods. Result: From the microscopic examination, it was found that the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthiasis was 56.6%. Also, the type of worm eggs found in the feces samples from Etawa crossbred goats were Cotylophoron cotylophorum, Moniezia benedeni, Oesophagostomum columbianum, Strongyloides papillosus, Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus sp., and Trichuris globulosa.

scholarly journals Relative weight and length of digestive tract and intestinal histomorphometric measurements of slow-growing broilers of different genotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 319-334
Author(s):  
Saullo Diogo Assis ◽  
◽  
Nadja Susana Mogyca Leandro ◽  
Emmanuel Arnhold ◽  
Marcos Barcellos Café ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Slow Growing

An experiment was conducted to investigate the development of the digestive system in slow-growing broilers of different strains. The experiment involved a total of 544 one-day-old chicks, 136 of each of four genotypes, namely, Label Rouge Pesadão, Label Rouge Pescoço Pelado, Carijó and Carijó Pescoço Pelado. The birds were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments (genotypes) and eight replicates of 17 animals each. Live weight, digestive tract development and intestinal histomorphometric measurements were evaluated at different ages. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed between the strains for live weight, relative weight and length of digestive tract organs and intestinal histomorphometric measurements at one, seven and 28 days of age. The Carijó strain showed greater weight and development of digestive organs than the Carijó Pescoço Pelado strain. There was a difference (p < 0.05) for histomorphometric measurements of the small intestine between the strains at the evaluated ages. The Carijó Pescoço Pelado and Label Rouge Pescoço Pelado strains showed higher villi and higher villus:crypt ratios in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. The slow-growing strains differ in performance regarding the relative weights and lengths of digestive tract organs and intestinal histomorphometric measurements.

scholarly journals Coronaviruses and gastrointestinal diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Luo ◽  
Guan-Zhou Zhou ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Li-Hua Peng ◽  
Li-Ping Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Human Coronaviruses

Abstract The effects of coronaviruses on the respiratory system are of great concern, but their effects on the digestive system receive much less attention. Coronaviruses that infect mammals have shown gastrointestinal pathogenicity and caused symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting. Available data have shown that human coronaviruses, including the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2, mainly infect the respiratory system and cause symptoms such as cough and fever, while they may generate gastrointestinal symptoms. However, there is little about the relation between coronavirus and digestive system. This review specifically addresses the effects of mammalian and human coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, on the digestive tract, helping to cope with the new virus infection-induced disease, COVID-19.

Effect of Nanoparticles Supplementation in Broiler Diets on Performance, Microbial Population and Digestive Tract Measurements

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Microbiological Analyses ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of nanoparticles (silver and graphene) supplementation in broiler diets on productive performance, digestive tract and ceca length and microbiological analysis of small intestine and ceca contents. This study was designed to use silver nanoparticles (SNPs) (first experiment) or graphene nanoparticles (GNPs) (second experiment) with levels 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 ppm diet to compare between them. Each experiment included 200 Indian River (IR) broiler chicks at one day old divided randomly on 5 groups in 8 replicates. At 35 days, 4 birds were slaughtered to estimate digestive tract and ceca length and to perform microbiological analyses. All birds in two experiments were fed basal diets (control) supplemented with SNPs or GNPs at different levels till 5 weeks of age. Results of Exp.1 indicated a significant effect of different levels of SNPs on live body weight (LBW), body weight gain and feed intake (FI), while feed conversion ratio (FCR) was not affected. Lengths of digestive tract or ceca / 100 g LBW were insignificantly affected with different levels of SNPs. Microbiological analyses of small intestine and ceca content showed that Lactobacillus spp. increased significantly with increasing SNPs levels, while E. coli decrease significantly with increasing SNPs. Data of Exp.2 showed significant differences within values of live body weight, body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio at 35 days with different levels of GNPs. The lengths of digestive tract or ceca / 100 g LBW were insignificantly decreased with increased level of GNPs. And, microbiological analyses of small intestine and cecum content showed that Lactobacillus spp. increased, and E. coli decreased significantly with increased GNPs levels. It could be concluded that there were no significant differences between the two types of nanoparticles (SNPs and GNPs) when supplemented in broiler diets on productive performance microbiological records of digestive tract.

scholarly journals The Incidence Rate of Helminthiasis in The Digestive Tract of Dairy Cattle in The Partnership of PT. Greenfields Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Wenny Nur Azizah ◽  
Dony Chrismanto ◽  
Sri Pantja Madyawati ◽  
Hana Eliyani
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Moniezia Expansa

Background: One of the partnerships of PT. Greenfields Indonesia is located on the slopes of Mount Kawi, precisely in Pijiombo, Ngadirenggo Village, Wlingi District, Blitar Regency. The tropical situation in this area is very humid and has high rainfall. It causes dairy cattle to be infected with helminths. Therefore, observations of the incidence rate of gastrointestinal helminthiasis in dairy cattle are needed. Purpose: To determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in dairy cattle in the partnership of PT. Greenfields Indonesia. Method: Fecal samples from 36 dairy cattle were collected and examined using native, sedimentation, and flotation techniques. Result: Indicated that the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in the dairy cattle was about 66,66%. There were 24 dairy cattle positively and 12 cattle negatively. Helminth species found included class Nematoda (Haemonchus contortus, Oesophagostomum radiatum, Bunostomum phlebotomum, Mecistocirrus digitatus, and Gaigeria pachyscelis) and Cestoda (Moniezia expansa). Conclusion: The incidence rate of helminthiasis was quite high dairy cattle in the partnership of PT. Greenfields Indonesia.

Small Intestine Cancer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Beebe-Dimmer ◽  
Fawn D. Vigneau ◽  
David Schottenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ◽  
Genetic Syndromes ◽  
Digestive Cancer ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Small Intestine Cancer

The small intestine extends 6–7 meters from the gastric pylorus to its insertion into the large intestine. Its mucosal surface contains 90% of the absorptive surface area of the digestive tract. Remarkably, in 2015, only about 3% of digestive system cancers and less than 1% of digestive cancer deaths in the United States were observed in the small intestine. In contrast, approximately 50% of cancers in the digestive tract were diagnosed in the large intestine, which measures just 1.5 meters in length. Cancers of the small intestine are among the most heterogeneous of gastrointestinal neoplasms, encompassing pathologic subtypes of neuroendocrine carcinoid, adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Adenocarcinoma accounted for ~25% to–35% of cancers in the small intestine, in contrast to over 90% of cancers in the large intestine. Genetic syndromes, such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), predispose to adenocarcinoma in the small intestine.

Comparative analysis of the digestive system’s anatomical parts in two zoophagous bird species: White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) and Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo)

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-43
Author(s):  
Alexandra-Iulia Preja ◽  
◽  
Călin Csaba Pop ◽  
Irina Moldovan ◽  
Alexandru N. Stermin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
White Stork ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Ciconia Ciconia ◽  
Common Buzzard ◽  
Buteo Buteo ◽  
White Storks

Aristotle in his anatomical observations is marking the beginning of functional anatomy followed by Georges Cuvier that formulate the low of the correlation of parts. According with this we can expect that the digestive system structures tend to be similar between species that consume approximately the same type of food. In this study we chose to evaluate macroscopic the digestive system of two different zoophytophagous species, with similar body size but different life behavior and feeding strategies: White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) and Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo). Data were collected after the dissection of 10 carcass (5 White Stork and 5 Common Buzzard). The digestive tract and its structures were measured and weighed. In common buzzard the beak is strong and short adapted for the laceration of the prey. In white stork the beak is long, strong, straight adapted to capture prey like a harpoon. In both species, the esophagus is located on the right side of the neck, the length is different, proportional to the neck. In common buzzard the crop is present and absent in white storks. The cuticle or koilin layer is highlighted in white stork compared to common buzzard. In common buzzard, the small intestine is reduced in size, without marked transition between the duodenum and the ileum. The white storks have a long small intestine with many loops, with no transition between the segments. In both species, the cecum is reduced in size and has a vestigial appearance; the colon is reduced in size, and extends from the level of the ileo-colic junction to the cloaca. The digestive system is adapted to a strictly carnivorous diet and the differences identified between the anatomical structures of the digestive tract of the two species are correlated with the differences of their feeding behavior.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document