scholarly journals The effect of cadmium loading on protein synthesis function and functional state of laying hens’ liver

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
B. Gutyj ◽  
A. Ostapiuk ◽  
N. Kachmar ◽  
O. Stadnytska ◽  
O. Sobolev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cadmium Sulfate ◽  
Experimental Group

In the article are considered issues related to the study of the effect of cadmium on the body of birds, in particular laying hens. The effect of cadmium sulfate at doses of 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg body weight on protein synthesis function and functional state of the liver were investigated of cross-laying Hysex white hens, of 78 weeks old. Three groups of chickens were formed: two experimental and one control groups. The laying hens of the experimental groups were subjected to a cadmium load. Laying chickens of the first experimental group were given cadmium sulfate at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg body weight. Laying chickens of the second experimental group were given cadmium sulfate at a dose of 4.0 mg/kg body weight. Laying chickens in the control group were in the normal diet without cadmium. Increased activity of aminotransferases, in particular alanine and aspartate aminotransferases in their serum of hens, was observed during cadmium binge drinking in doses of 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg body weight, respectively. These changes indicate a violation of the functional state of the liver of laying hens under conditions of cadmium load. In the study of protein synthesis of the liver of laying hens under conditions of cadmium loading, it was found that cadmium sulfate in the above doses contributed to a significant decrease in the level of total protein by 14, 21 and 30 days of the experiment. The reduction of total protein in the blood of laying hens was due to a decrease in the level of albumin, which in the second experimental group, respectively, decreased to 28.16 ± 0.75%, whereas in the first – 29.62 ± 0.98%. In the study of the level of globulins, it is possible to increase this indicator in both experimental groups of poultry for 21 days. Drinking with water cadmium sulfate at a dose of 4.0 mg/kg body weight was associated with a more likely decrease in total protein and albumin than drinking cadmium sulfate at a lower dose.

scholarly journals Influence of cadmium loading on morphological parameters of blood of the Laying Hens

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (88) ◽  
pp. 48-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Y. Ostapyuk ◽  
B. V. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Axillary Vein ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Cadmium Sulfate ◽  
Combined Feed ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of cadmium sulfate in different doses on the organism of poultry. The purpose of the work was to investigate the effect of cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg body weight on the morphological parameters of blood of the Laying Hens. By the evaluation of the morphological analysis of the quantitative and qualitative composition of blood, it is possible to deem objectively about the functional state of the hematopoietic system of the body of the bird for cadmium loading. For research were formed three experimental groups: control group and two research groups. The control group chickens were in the usual diet, they were fed with combined feed and drank water without cadmium sulfate. To the drinking water of chickens of experimental groups added cadmium sulfate for 30 days: the first group – 2 mg/kg body weight of cadmium sulfate, the second group – 4 mg/kg body weight of cadmium sulfate. The conditions and microclimate parameters in the room for all keeping chickens groups were similar. Blood from Laying Hens was taken from the subclavian (axillary) vein in the following periods: before taking the drugs and cadmium sulfate, on the first, seventh, fourteenth, twenty-first and thirtieth day of the experiment. Hematologic studies give an opportunity to study in detail the influence of cadmium on the body of chickens, on the basis of which a more correct development of the scheme of treatment and prevention of cadmium toxicity in poultry is possible. Drinking cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight contributed to a decrease in the number of erythrocytes to 2.69 ± 0.13 and 2.36 ± 0.14 T/l, a hemoglobin level of 86.61 ± 1.11 and 72.17 ± 0.73 g/l and an increase in the number of leukocytes to 34.9 ± 0.60 and 35.8 ± 0.66 g/l. Probable changes in morphological parameters are observed on the 21st day of the experiment in the second experimental group of Laying Hens, which were released cadmium sulfate at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight. The hematocrit value represents the ratio between the formed elements and the blood plasma. After chickens drinking with cadmium sulfate at doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight, the hematocrit value gradually decreased. The hematocrit value was low in the second experimental group on day 21 of the experiment, where, respectively, it was 34.11 ± 0.63%.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF CADMDIUM LOAD ON THE LEVEL OF VITAMINS A AND E IN BLOOD OF LAYING HENS

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
A. Y. Ostapyuk ◽  
B. V. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Cadmium Sulfate ◽  
Experimental Group

Cadmium – a heavy metal, classified as a second class of danger, has a pronounced tendency to accumulate in the body. Absorbed cadmium accumulates in the liver as a complex with metallothionein. The aim of the study was to study the effect of Cadmium on the level of vitamins A and E in the blood of laying hens. For research, three groups of poultry were formed: control and two experimental. The control group chickens were on a regular diet, fed with compound feed and drinking water without cadmium sulfate. To drinking water of chickens of experimental groups for 30 days was added cadmium sulfate in doses: the first group – 2 mg/kg, the second group – 4 mg/kg of body weight. The keeping conditions of the chickens and the indoor microclimate parameters for all groups of birds were similar. After cadmium loading at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight, the level of vitamin A in the blood of chickens has probably decreased since the 14th day of the experiment. It was the lowest at 21 days of experience. When drinking cadmium sulfate at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight decreased levels of vitamin A by 4 and 21 days of the experiment, respectively, by 24 and 40% compared with the control group of chickens. When examining the level of vitamin E in the blood of laying hens under cadmium loading, it was found that in the second experimental group of chickens the level of this vitamin was significantly lower than in the control and the first experimental group of chickens. When compared with the control group of chickens, it was found that on the 14th day of the experiment, the level of vitamin E was lower in the first experimental group by 12% and in the second – by 27%, respectively. At day 21 of the experiment, the level of vitamin E was the lowest in the second experimental group, where it was 0.70 ± 0.011 µg/ml, respectively, which is 44% lower than the control. A significant decrease in the content of vitamins A and E indicates not only the pathological condition of the liver, but also the enhancement of oxidation processes associated with a decrease in the activity of enzymes of the antioxidant system. Cadmium compounds have high biological activity, they easily form complex compounds with proteins, nucleic acids, which inactivate a number of enzymes.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Mineral-Microbial Preparation on Ammonia Concentration and Productivity in Laying Hens Houses

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remigiusz Gałęcki ◽  
Michał Dąbrowski ◽  
Tadeusz Bakuła ◽  
Kazimierz Obremski ◽  
Adriana Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the biopreparation Deodoric® on ammonia (NH3) concentration, performance, and hygiene standards in laying hen (ROSS-308) production. Statistically significant differences in NH3 concentration and the body weight of laying hens were observed between the control group (C) and the experimental group (E) where Deodoric® was applied at the set dose. In the control group, an increase in NH3 concentration could have contributed to the decrease in the body weight of laying hens, egg production, and % hen day egg production, whereas no such correlations were observed in the experimental group. A moderate linear correlation between NH3 concentration vs. humidity (r = 0.68), air flow (r = 0.48) and weakly linear correlation between NH3 concentration and age of birds (r = 0.27) was noted in group C. In group E, NH3 concentration vs. temperature (r = 0.27) and humidity (r = 0.14) were weakly correlated. Statistical analysis of changes in the microbial counts isolated from manure revealed a significant decrease of mesophilic microorganisms on day 28 decrease of Campylobacter spp. days 14 and 84 in group E. However, for the entire experimental model no statistically significant changes in the number of Campylobacter spp. and mesophilic bacteria were found. The tested preparation did not cause changes in the microbial composition of tissue swabs. Deodoric® contributes to animal welfare by reducing the ammonia concentrations in poultry houses. It is also recommended for use in poultry farms to improve animal health and performance and to generate benefits for producers.

scholarly journals The effect of sodium selenite and feed additive “Metisevit plus” on the protein-synthesizing function and functional state of the liver of rats under prolonged cadmium and lead loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (100) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
S. О. Slobodian ◽  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
D. F. Gufriy ◽  
P. S. Hnativ ◽  
S. D. Murska
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Values ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Experimental Group

In the conditions of modern technogenic pollution of the environment, environmental problems, improving the quality of livestock products and their food safety is an important and urgent issue today. Pollution of the environment with heavy metals due to man-made activities of the population has led to a number of problems of agricultural production. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of sodium selenite and feed additive “Metisevit plus” on the protein-synthesizing function and functional state of the liver of rats in lead-cadmium intoxication. It was found that the level of total protein in the blood of rats exposed to cadmium and lead was reduced. These changes were due to a decrease in albumin levels and an increase in globulin levels. Thus, hypoproteinemia resulting from cadmium and lead poisoning may indicate impaired hepatic protein synthesis. Transamination enzymes play a major role in the relationship between protein and carbohydrate metabolism, which is important for switching the oxidation of energy substrates from glucose to amino acid energy nutrition, which is extremely important under the influence of various environmental factors. The most active transaminases are aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. In the study of the activity of aminotransferases in the serum of rats treated with lead acetate and cadmium chloride, an increase in the activity of enzymes in all periods of the study. The highest activity of aminotransferases was on days 21 and 28 of the experiment in the control group of rats, which carried out the combined load of cadmium and lead. Thus, the load of the body of animals with cadmium and lead contributes to the violation of the functional state and protein-synthesizing function of the liver of animals of the experimental groups. With the introduction of sodium selenite into the body of rats, the activity of ALT and AST in the serum of the first experimental group was slightly reduced compared with the control group. However, the activity of these enzymes did not reach physiological values. When setting the feed additive “Metisevit plus” throughout the experiment, it was found that the activity of aminotransferases in the serum of rats of the second experimental group ranged within physiological values. This is due to the hepatoprotective effect of the components of the feed additive “Metisevit Plus”. In the study of protein-synthesizing function of rat liver in experimental lead-cadmium toxicosis, it was found that after application to rats of the first experimental group of sodium selenite on days 14, 21 and 28, the level of total protein in serum gradually increased, but did not reach physiological values. Using the feed supplement “Metisevit plus” rats of the second experimental group, found a slightly higher level of total protein in their blood, which on the 28th day of the experiment reached physiological values and, accordingly, amounted to 66.8 ± 1.99 g/l. It should be noted that when administering the feed additive “Metisevit plus” protein-synthesizing liver function and liver function of rats of the second experimental group were restored faster than when administering sodium selenite to the first experimental group.

scholarly journals Protein-synthesizing function of the liver of cows at experimental fasciolosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
D. V. Frejuk ◽  
V. V. Stybel
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Functional Connection ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
The World ◽  
Experimental Group

Cattle fasciolosis is quite widespread in the world, including in Ukraine. Animal blood proteins, being in close functional connection with proteins of various tissues, reflect the changes that occur in the tissues and organs of the body during disorders of their metabolic processes caused by pathological factors. The aim of the study was to investigate the level of total protein and its fractions in the blood of cows in experimental fasciolosis. 12 cows of 4–5 years of age, black-spotted breed, were selected for experiment, out of which 2 groups were formed, six animals in each. Animals in the control group were clinically healthy. Animals of the experimental group were experimentally infected with adolescents. During the research, the rules of compulsory experiments were followed - selection and keeping of analogue animals in groups. The cows' diet was balanced in terms of nutrients and minerals. In the study of protein-sensitizing function of the liver of cows, it was found that during fasciolosis invasion, the content of total protein decreased by 13.8 %. These changes were due to a decrease in albumin and an increase in globulins. Thus, in fasciological invasion of cows, the level of albumin in the serum decreased by 24.4 %, and the level of globulins increased by 7.9 %. The value of the albumin / globulin ratio in the blood of infested cows with the causative agent of fasciolosis is quite indicative. It was found that the albumin-globulin ratio in the blood of cows of the experimental group was probably lower compared to the control group of animals. This value of the coefficient, of course, indicates the suppression of protein-synthesizing function of the liver in these periods of research. In the future it is planned to investigate the functional state of the liver of cows with experimental fasciolosis.

scholarly journals Influence of milk thistle, methifene and sylimevit on the morphological parameters of laying hens in experimental chronic cadmium toxicosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
A. Y. Ostapyuk ◽  
B. V. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Experimental Group

One of the most pressing problems of modern science is the systematic study of natural processes, forecasting and complex assessment of changes in the environment under the influence of anthropogenic load. Blood composition is a relatively constant indicator, which is at the same time one of the labile systems of laying hens. Physiological processes that occur in the body, largely affect the quality of blood. Hematological studies make it possible to study in more detail the effect of cadmium on the body of chickens, on the basis of which a more specific development of the scheme of treatment and prevention of cadmium toxicosis in poultry is possible. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of milk thistle, methifene and silymevitis on the morphological indices of laying hens in the development of chronic cadmium toxicosis. 32 laying hens, 78 weeks of age, were selected for the study. Four experimental groups were formed: control and three experimental. The control group (C) chickens and the three experimental groups were cadmium sulfate 4 mg/kg body weight in water. The chickens of the experimental group E1 with feed were fed the fruits of milk thistle spotted at a dose of 2.0 g/kg of feed once a day for 30 days. The chickens of the E2 experimental group were fed methifene at a dose of 0.28 g/kg of feed once a day for 30 days with feed. The chickens of the E3 experimental group were fed a sylimevit at a dose of 0.36 g/kg of feed once a day for 30 days. Drinking cadmium sulphate to laying hens at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight contributed to a decrease in red blood cell count, hemoglobin level and an increase in leukocyte counts. With cadmium load of laying hens, milk thistle, methifene and sylimevit have a positive effect on the morphological parameters of the blood. In chronic cadmium toxicosis in laying hens, the best normalizing effect on the morphological parameters of the blood of experimental chickens is sylimevit, compared with methifene and milk thistle.

scholarly journals Protein-synthesizing function and functional state of the liver of dogs at experimental toxocariasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (98) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
W. S. Said ◽  
V. V. Stybel ◽  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
O. B. Pryima ◽  
I. Y. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of toxocariasis invasion on protein-synthesizing function and functional state of the liver of dogs. For experimental studies, 12 dogs aged from two to four months were used and two groups of six animals were formed in each: control and experimental. Puppies of the experimental group were experimentally infected with the pathogen toxocariasis at a dose of 5,000 invasive eggs of T. canis per kg of body weight. The control puppies were clinically healthy. Protein-synthesizing function of the liver of dogs in experimental toxocariasis was studied by the level of total protein and its fractions. It was found that on the 25th day of the experiment the level of total protein in the blood of the experimental group of dogs was 56.9 ± 1.47 g/l, while in the control group – 63.8 ± 2.92 g/l. The lowest level of the studied indicator was on the 30th day of the experiment in the blood of the experimental group of dogs, where it decreased by 9.6 %. The results of a study of protein fractions in the blood of dogs infested with toxocara showed that the percentage of albumin is likely to decrease. However, in the blood of infected dogs in this period of research there was a probable increase in globulin levels. The study of the effect of toxocariasis invasion on the activity of enzymes in blood serum is a test for the morphological and functional state of tissues and organs. Based on the studies, it was found that with the development of toxocariasis invasion in dogs there is an increase in alanine aminotransferase in their serum. On the 25th and 30th day of the experiment, the activity of the enzyme in the serum of infected dogs was the highest, where compared with the control group of dogs, the activity of ALT increased by 51.2 and 59.1 %, respectively. Similar changes in activity were observed in the determination of aspartate aminotransferase, where, respectively, on the 15th, 20th and 25th day of the experiment, the activity of AST in the serum of infected dogs increased by 19.3, 27.5 and 39.1 %.

scholarly journals Influence of cadmium sulfate at different doses on the functional state of the liver of laying chicken

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (94) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Y. Ostapyuk ◽  
B. V. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Functional State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cadmium Sulfate ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Destructive Processes ◽  
Different Doses

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of cadmium sulfate in different doses on the organism of poultry. Absorbed cadmium accumulates in the liver as a complex with metallothionein. The purpose of the work was to find out the effect of cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg / kg of body weight on the functional state of the liver of chicken. For research, three groups of birds were formed: control and two experimental. The control group of chickens were in the usual diet, they were fed with forage and were given water without introducing cadmium sulfate. To the drinking water of chickens of experimental groups for 30 days, added cadmium sulfate in doses: the first group – 2 mg/kg, the second group – 4 mg/kg body weight. The conditions for keeping chickens and the microclimate parameters in the room for all bird groups were similar. Blood from the chickens was taken from the subclavian vein in periods: before the dasg was given and on the first, seventh, fourteenth, twenty-first and thirtieth day of the experiment. It was determined that the presentation of cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight of cows, which contributed to a violation of the functional state of the liver, as evidenced by the increased activity of aminotransferases in their blood serum. The activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase was higher in serum of blood of chickens in the second experimental group at 21st and 30th days of the experiment. The high activity of aminotransferases in the blood serum of chickens for cadmium loading indicates destructive processes in the liver that cause an increase in the release of aminotransaminases from cellular organelles in the blood of experimental poultry. Thus, the obtained results indicate an increase in destructive processes in the body of chickens for cadmium loading.

scholarly journals Protein synthesize function of bulls liver at experimental chronic cadmium toxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (94) ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Y. Lavryshyn ◽  
B. V. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of cadmium load on the body of young cattle. The adverse effect of Cadmium on the liver causes a wide range of pathological changes at various levels of its organization. The purpose of the work was to investigate protein synthesize function on the liver of bulls for experimental chronic cadmium toxicity. The research was carried out on the basis of a farm at the village Ivanivtsi, Zhydachiv district of Lviv region, on 10 bulls of six months old, Ukrainian black-and-white milk breed, which were formed in 2 groups of 5 animals in each: control and experimental. Bulls of the control group were in the usual diet. Bulls of the experimental group were fed with forage with cadmium chloride at a dose of 0.04 mg/kg body weight of the animal. The research lasted for 30 days. Protein synthesize function of the liver was determined by the level of serum total protein and protein fractions. It was established that when feeding cows with feed of cadmium chloride in a dose of 0.04 mg/kg of body weight of an animal for 30 days in animals suppressed protein synthesize function of the liver, which manifests itself by lowering the total protein of blood. It reached the lowest level at the 20th day of the experiment, where, accordingly, it fluctuated within the limits of 61.9 ± 1.14 g/l. Reducing the level of total protein in the blood of the bulls of the experimental group under cadmium loading was due to lowering the level of albumin. At day 20 of the experiment, the level of albumin in the blood of animals in the experimental group decreased by 16.5%. On the background of general hypoproteinemia there is a significant imbalance between albumins and globulins in serum of diseased animals. It was established that the level of globulins increased in the blood of Bulls, which were under cadmium load. Increasing the level of globulins in blood serum of bulls reflects the intensity of inflammatory processes in their body for cadmium loading.

scholarly journals Influence of the liposomal preparation Butaintervite on protein synthesis function in the livers of rats under the influence of carbon tetrachloride poisoning

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
M. I. Hariv ◽  
B. V. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning ◽  
Liposomal Preparation ◽  
Experimental Group

This article presents the results of research into the influence of the complex liposomal preparation Butaintervit on protein synthesis function in the livers of rats under the influence of carbon tetrachloride poisoning. Intramuscular injection of carbon tetrachloride into rats at a dose of 0.25 ml per100 gof body weight causes antigenic load on the body and leads to disruption of protein synthesis function in the liver. This is shown by reduction in blood levels of total protein and its fractions. Thus, the level of albumin in the serum of rats under the conditions of oxidative stress was 70% lower than in clinically healthy animals. However, the level of total protein in the serum was only 10% lower. This is because, along with the decrease of albumin content in the serum, the levels of globulin protein fraction increased by 8.8%. This has led to albumin/globulin disparities in the serum of sick animals. As a result, the value of A/G coefficient was 0.28 ± 0.03, compared to 0.52 ±0.02 inclinically healthy rats. For the normalization of functional state of the liver under oxidative stress it is advisable to apply the liposomal preparation Butaintervite, which in its structure contains butafosfan, interferon, thistle and vitamins A, D and E. Under conditions of oxidative stress and under the action of the liposomal preparation in the rats from the second experimental group we have found significant increase in the levels of total protein and albumins and a decrease in serum globulin in the animals on the fifth and tenth days of the experiment. On the fourteenth day of the experiment under the conditions of oxidative stress and under the action of the liposomal preparation in the rats from the second experimental group the normalization of protein synthesis function in the liver was observed. The level of indicators of total protein, albumin, globulin and the coefficient of albumin/globulin compared with the control group of animals were within normal values.

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